Urinary System

DEDICATION

We dedicate this work to the sample family support us in our

preparation for our teachers and colleagues to be professionals in
the service of health

Introduction to Urinary System

Urinary system is also known as excretory system of human body.
It is the system of production, storage and elimination of urine.
Formation and elimination of urine is important for human body
because urine contains nitrogenous wastes of the body that must
be eliminated to maintain homeostasis. Nitrogenous wastes are
formed by metabolic activities in the cells. These nitrogenous
wastes along with excess of salts and water are combined in the
kidneys to form urine. Urinary system is important for keeping
the internal environment of the body clean. Urinary system
maintains proper homeostasis of water, salts and nitrogenous
wastes.

Urinary System
The urinary system (also called the excretory system) is the organ system that
produces, stores, and eliminates urine. In humans it includes two kidneys, two
ureters, the bladder, the urethra, and two sphincter muscles.

1. Human urinary system: 2. Kidney, 3. Renal pelvis, 4. Ureter, 5. Urinary

bladder, 6. Urethra. (Left side with frontal section) 7. Adrenal gland Vessels: 8.
Renal artery and vein, 9. Inferior vena cava, 10. Abdominal aorta, 11. Common
iliac artery and vein With transparency: 12.Liver, 13. Large intestine, 14. Pelvis

COMPONENTS OF URINARY SYSTEM:

Human urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, a urinary bladder, a
urethra and sphincter muscles.

KIDNEYS: Kidneys are the major organs of urinary system. Formation of

urine takes place in kidneys which are two bean shaped organs lying
close to the lumbar spine, one on each side of the body.

URETERS: These are muscular tubes extending from the kidneys to the
urinary bladder. Urine flows in these tubes from kidney to the urinary
bladder.

URINARY BLADDER: Urinary Bladder collects urine before it is excreted

from the body. Urinary bladder is a hollow muscular and elastic organ
siting on the pelvic floor

URETHRA: Urethra is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the

external genitalia for elimination from the body.

SPHINCTER MUSCLES: There are two sphincter muscles to control the

elimination of urine from human body. The external of the two muscles is
striated and is under voluntary control of the body.

Kidneys

Kidneys are two bean shaped organs lying close to

the lumbar spine on either side, they are
multifunction organ, form urine and control its
concentration

Ureters

Two hollow muscular tubes one arising from each

kidney and ending at the urinary bladder, connect
kidneys to the bladder

Urinary
Bladder

Stores urine before it is excreted from the body,

hollow muscular and distensible organ, sits on the
pelvic floor.

Urethra

A tube connecting the urinaly bladder to the genitals

for excretion

Components

Functions

Excretion of nitrogenous wastes, Osmoregulation, Acid-Base

balance

URINARY INCONTINENCE

Difficulty/inability to control urine

 Weak bladder muscle

Stress incontinence
Women following childbirth
Men prostatectomy/radiation

CAUSES OF URINARY INCONTINENCE

Certain foods, drinks and medications can cause urinary incontinence. A simple
change in habits can bring relief.
Alcohol acts as a bladder stimulant and a diuretic, which can cause an urgent
need to urinate. Taking in a lot of fluids, especially in a short period of time,
increases the amount of urine your bladder has to deal with.Dehydration. If you
don't consume enough liquid to stay hydrated, your urine can occasionally
become very concentrated. This collection of concentrated salts can irritate your
bladder and worsen incontinence.Caffeine. Caffeine is a diuretic and a bladder
stimulant that can cause a sudden need to urinate.Bladder irritation.
Carbonated drinks, tea and coffee with or without caffeine artificial
sweeteners, corn syrup, and foods and beverages that are high in spice, sugar
and acid, such as citrus and tomatoes, can aggravate your bladder.Medications.
Heart medications, blood pressure drugs, sedatives, muscle relaxants and other
medications may contribute to bladder control problems.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Urinary incontinence is the inability to control the release of urine from your
bladder.
J Pain related to bladder filling or painful urination without a bladder
infection.
J Progressive weakness of urinary stream with or without a feeling of
incomplete emptying of the bladder.
J Increased frequency of urination with no infection of the bladder.
J Need to reach the restroom and / or loss of urine if you do not reach the
toilet in time

RECOMMENDATIONS
If you suffer from urinary incontinence, approach the nearest health center

CONCLUSION
Urinary incontinence is a common condition that often weakens a person
suffering from it. effective treatments for urinary incontinence, and to
continuously improve the ability to accurately diagnose this disease is important
to see a doctor if you have signs and symptoms

CONTENTS
PRESENTATION..1

DEDICATION2

INTRODUCTION TO URINARY SYSTEM..3

URINARY SYSTEM4

COMPONENTS OF URINARY SYSTEM5

URINARY INCONTINENCE 6

CAUSES OF URINARY INCONTINENCE.7

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS.8

RECOMMENDATIONS.9

CONCLUSION10