Module 5 Note Guides

5.01: World War Again The Big Ideas

How did the end of WWI, including the Treaty of Versailles, affect Germany?

How did the Munich Pact affect Germany? Why was the agreement made?

How were the three Neutrality Acts different from each other? What did each allow? What
were their goals?

What events helped move Americans from isolationism to support for the war?

What are the differences between the cash-and-carry and lend-lease programs?

People
The Nye Committee (What were its goals
and results?)

Events (Describe the event, its causes and

effects)
Hitler comes to power in Germany

President Roosevelt (How did he move the

country towards war?)

Japan invades Manchuria

Benito Mussolini (What kind of leader was

he?)

Germany invades Poland

Vocabulary (fill in effects from the lesson where possible or put the definition in your own
words)
Appeasement policy of granting some of a dictator's demands to prevent further
demands and ensure peace
Cash and Carry system under which warring nations could purchase arms and other war
goods from the United States only with cash and only by taking them away on their ships
Dictator absolute ruler
Fascism system of government dominated by a strong leader and a military state

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Isolationism a policy of remaining apart from the affairs of other nations
Lend-Lease system under which the United States could provide aid to any country it
deemed necessary in return for payments on credit or in kind, or because of the importance
of U.S. national interests
Militarism the policy of making military interest very strong; a political situation in which
the military interest dominates government policy
Nationalism devotion to the interests of one's own nation; desire and plans for national
independence
Totalitarianism system of government dominated by absolute control by the state over
its citizens

5.02: The United States at War The Big Ideas

What did the Atlantic Charter include and what was its purpose?

What led to the attack on Pearl Harbor?

How did the U.S. mobilize for war?

How did fighting on multiple fronts (in different places) affect the countries at war? (Hint:
Think about Germany fighting on eastern and western fronts and the U.S. fighting in Europe
and the Pacific.)

How did the Battle of the Bulge help end the war?

Events (Describe the event, its causes and effects. Also include the countries, groups or
individuals involved, when possible.)
Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor

Operation Torch (North Africa)

Operation Overlord

Tehran Conference

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D-Day

Yalta Conference

Vocabulary (fill in effects from the lesson where possible or put the definition in your own
words)
Atlantic Charter a joint declaration of principles created by the United States and Britain
as they opposed the Axis powers
Big Three nickname for the leaders of the major Allied powers in WWII Roosevelt (USA),
Churchill (Great Britain), and Stalin (Soviet Union)
Embargo a restriction on trade between nations
Tehran Conference meeting between Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill in 1943 during
which they planned Operation Overlord, the future United Nations, and Soviet support of the
war against Japan after Germany's defeat
Yalta Conference meeting between Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill in 1945 during which
they agreed to divide Germany into zones of occupation after World War II; Stalin further
guaranteed "free and unfettered elections" in Eastern European nations
5.03: Two Wars The Big Ideas
How and why did Japan become involved in the war?

Briefly describe Japans actions in the Philippines.

Compare the fighting in Europe to the fighting in the Pacific.

Explain the strategy of island hopping. Why was it used? How well did it work?

Events (Describe the event, its causes and effects)

Bataan Death March

Battle of the Coral Sea

Battle of Midway

Vocabulary (fill in effects from the lesson where possible or put the definition in your own
words)

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Bataan Death March in April 1941, forced march by U.S. troops through the

jungles of the Bataan Peninsula in the Philippines after surrender to the Japanese;
thousands of soldiers died during the march due to abuse and starvation.
Battle of Guadalcanal battle between Allied and Japanese forces from August
1942 to February 1943 that took place in Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands in
which the Japanese were forced to retreat; along with Midway, served as a major
turning point in the Pacific war
Battle of Iwo Jima World War II battle that took place in February 1945 after the
Allies set out to capture the Japanese island of Iwo Jima, which was heavily guarded
by Japanese troops; American troops faced fierce opposition from heavily fortified
positions on the island, and fighting continued for weeks, killing some 19,000
Japanese troops and almost 7,000 American troops
Battle of Leyte Gulf the largest naval battle ever fought; took place between the
Japanese and the Allied Powers in October 1944 and destroyed the Japanese fleet
Battle of Midway key naval battle in June 1942 between the United States and
Japan during World War II during which Japan's naval forces were heavily damaged,
equalizing the strength of the two sides and destroying Japan's naval advantage in
the war in the Pacific
Battle of Okinawa World War II battle in the Pacific that took place from March to
June 1945 that killed more than 12,000 Americans and 110,00 Japanese; battle
convinced Allied commanders that invading Japan might not be the best plan of
action
Island hopping the Allied strategy used to gain control of the Pacific Theater in
World War II
Kamikaze trained Japanese pilots who loaded their planes with bombs and extra
gasoline and purposefully crashed them into enemy ships in a suicide mission
during World War II
Pacific Theater the area of military operations in the Pacific Ocean region during
World War II in which the United States and other Allies fought the Japanese
5.04: Holocaust The Big Ideas
How did anti-Semitism make Hitlers propaganda easier for Germans to believe?

How were Jews treated during Hitlers rule?

How did the U.S. respond to the Holocaust before the war?

What happened to Jews who lived in areas taken over by Germany?

How did the U.S. respond to the reports of the Holocaust and death camps during the war?

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What non-Jewish groups were targeted during the Holocaust? What happened to them?

What happened after people in the camps were liberated?

People
Coughlin, Lindbergh and Ford (How did they
react to Hitler and his ideas?)

Displaced Persons (What problems did they

face?)

Events (Describe the event, its causes and

effects)

Kristallnacht"Night of broken glass."

The ship the St. Louis is turned away from

Cuba and the US

Wannsee Conference

Vocabulary (fill in effects from the lesson where possible or put the definition in your own
words)
Anti-Semitism prejudice against or hatred of Jews
Crematoria high-temperature ovens for the incineration of human corpses; in Nazi death
camps, living people were sometimes burned in crematoria
Displaced persons (DPs) people forced out of their own countries by war, famine, or
other causes
Gas chambers sealed rooms for the killing of people by poison gas
Genocide the systematic murder or attempted murder of a people for political or social
reasons
Ghettoes restricted communities in which Jews were forced to live, beginning in Italy in
the 16th Century
Holocaust a devastating fire; when capitalized, a name for the Nazis' attempt to kill all
the Jews of Europe
Intelligentsia people representing the educated class of a country
Zionism a nationalist movement for the establishment and preservation of a Jewish state

5.05: War at Home The Big Ideas

How did WWII change daily life for most Americans?

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How did the war affect civilian women?

How did the war affect minorities?

How did the war limit civil rights for some Americans?

What lasting effects of the social and political changes brought about by the war were seen
on women and African Americans?

People
Bracero program workers (What was their
life like?)

Code Talkers (How did the war change their

way of life?)

Events (Describe the event, its causes and

effects)
Double V campaign

Executive Order 8022

Executive Order 9066

Americans of Japanese descent who enlisted
(Where did they come from? What did they
have to do to serve in the military?)

Korematsu v. United States

Vocabulary (fill in effects from the lesson where possible or put the definition in your own
words)
Bracero program program bringing Mexican temporary laborers to work on U.S. farms in
the Southwest
Code talkers Native American soldiers who developed a military code based on the
Navajo language
Executive Order 8802 order issued by President Franklin D. Roosevelt desegregating
wartime defense industries
Executive Order 9066 order issued by President Franklin D. Roosevelt allowing the
government to put people suspected of being a threat to national security in special holding
camps
Homefront the activities that take place at home when a country is at war

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Internment camps special holding camps meant to contain potentially dangerous U.S.
residents during World War II; mostly used to house Japanese Americans regardless of their
actual low level of danger
Rationing controlling how much of a resource is shared; most often done when there is a
shortage of a resource, such as food

5.06: War Ends The Big Ideas

How did the war in Europe end?

How did new technology affect the outcome of WWII?

How did U.S. military leaders feel about the use of the atomic bomb before it was dropped?

What were the short and long term effects of the dropping of the atomic bombs?

How was the end of the war in Europe different from the end of the war in the Pacific?

What was agreed upon at the Yalta Conference and put into action after the war?

People
War Criminals (What happened to German
and Japanese war criminals?)

Events (Describe the event, its causes and

effects)
Creation of the atomic bomb

Potsdam Conference
Harry S. Truman (How did he become
president?)

Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima

Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki

Vocabulary (fill in effects from the lesson where possible or put the definition in your own
words)
Manhattan Project secret program to build an atomic weapon in the United States

during World War II

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Nuremberg Trials trials held after World War II that focused on Nazi leaders and

their actions during the Holocaust; trials were held at the International Military
Tribunal in Nuremberg, Germany, and were organized by the United States, Great
Britain, France, and the Soviet Union
Potsdam Conference a meeting of the Allied leaders in Germany in 1945 during
which the leaders made plans for rebuilding Europe after Germany's surrender and
the United States and Great Britain gained the Soviet Union's support for ending the
war against Japan
Potsdam Declaration statement issued by participants at the Potsdam Conference
requiring that Japan surrender unconditionally or face "prompt and utter
destruction"
United Nations a league of mutual cooperation in which differences can be
resolved without resorting to war; formally created by leaders from the United
States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and China; charter was officially adopted by
50 member countries on October 24, 1945