Você está na página 1de 7

PC TROUBLE SHOOTING

There are two types of trouble shooting:a.


Hardware
(1) Monitor. There are two types of monitor:(a) New type of monitors (VGA and SVGA). 15 pins connecter.
(b) Old type of monitors (CGA, EGA and Monochrome). 9 pins
connecter.
Diagnose with Graphics.
*
Monochrome
No Graphics
*
CGA
Low Graphics
*
EGA
Better Graphics
*
VGA
High Graphics
*
SVGA
High Graphics
Monitor Quality

Graphics
*
Monochrome
No Graphics
*
CGA
Low Graphics
*
EGA
Better Graphics
*
VGA
High Graphics
*
SVGA
High Graphics

Pixel. Dot pitch quality is called pixel.

Control Buttons
Contras
Brightness
Horizontally size adjust
Vertically size adjust

Components of Monitor
o
Power Supply
o
CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
o
Fly Back (Fixed on motherboard)
o
Mother board
o
Data Cable

Tools
o
Millimeter
o
Master set (Screw driver all type)
o
Solder kit

Problems

Data Cable


Connector

Transister

ICs

Resistance

Capacitor
Function of 9 Pins in EGA and CGA
Ground
1 pin
Horizontal
1 pin
Vertical
1 pin
Colours
6 pins
PC Damages activities.
Surge. Due to non-proper shutdown the PC
Spike.
Voltage. Due to voltage increase/decrease
ESD (Electronics Static Discharge)
Keyboard. Keyboard consists of following keys. Keyboard having 101 keys is called
standard keyboard and other are called Advanced keyboard:a.
Numeric keypad
b.
Navigation keypad
c.
Alpha batik/Numeric keypad
d.
Functional keys
Keyboards are of two types:a.

PS/2. This standard type of keyboard commonly found in latest PCs and
branded as well. It has six types of connections two pins at the bottom,
two pins at left side and two pins opposite to that. This type of keyboard is
very sensitive and sophisticated.
b.
DIN. Such type of keyboards are found in non-branded PCs. They are
larger then PS/2 and having five pins half bottom of the connector this
shape is like half moon.
Problems:a.
Cable problem
b.
Connector problem
c.
Sticky keys
d.
ICs problem
Mouse. Mice are of two type:a.
Serial. Such types of mouse are common with non-branded type of PCs
but branded PCs are also use this type of mouse more reliable than PS/2

but they use PC resources a lot. They uses COM port commonly COM1
which has nine connections with the combination of 4 and 5 connections.
b.
PS/2. This type of mouse is an IBM standard found in branded and new
types of PCs. This port is sensitive and sophisticated but very low
resources used.
c.
In far Red
d.
Touch
e.
Pointing Mouse
Problems:a.
Cable problem
b.
Connector problem
c.
Sensor problem
d.
ICs problem
e.
Mechanical problem
Motherboard. Motherboard has following main components:a.
Processor
b.
DMA
c.
RAM
d.
Connectors/Jumper
e.
BIOS
f.
Busses/Slots
g.
Cache
Printer. There are following types of printer:a.
Dot Matrix (Low quality). Following components are used in dot matrix:(1) Control Panel. Control panel is consists of following:
Font

Printer setting. These setting can be made through Room


BIOS:
Margin setting

Jumper setting

Page layout
(2) Cartridge. Ribbon is used as cartridge. There are two types of
ribbon:(a) 9 pins used for small printer
(b) 24 pins used for large printer
(3) Paper Control
(4) Mechanical Setup
(5) Cables

Power Cable

Printer Cable (25 pins male connecter)

b.
Desk Jet/Bobble jet
c.
Laser Printer
d.
Plotter
Problems
a.
Line Jump
b.
Language setting
c.
Direction of printing
d.
Print quality

(Better quality)
(Best quality)
(Low/Best quality)

Firmware
The Software prepared by the manufacturer Company is known firmware, firmware
are commonly known as BIOS, CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxidental system ).
The storage media for BIOS is of two-type volatile non-volatile, Volatile type of media
required a supported battery (Voltage) to hold data where non-volatile doesnt required
voltage to hold data. But all type of BIOS are controlled electronically Each
component of PCs must have related type of BIOS.
Types of BIOS:
I
II
III
IV

ROM (Read Only Memory)


PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory)
EPROM (Erase able Programmable Read Only Memory)
EEPROM (Electronically Programmable Read Only Memory)
(1)

b.

Type of ICs( PCs)


a.
Processor. Microprocessor is a central type of IC which behave like
a brain with the help of input/output devices but the whole process
of PC is done by the processor.
b.
BIOS
c.
VGA
d.
Sound
e.
Cache
f.
DMA
g.
NPU
h.
Keyboard
j.
Mouse
k.
Boot ROM
(2) Understanding CMOS/BIOS and their types
(3) Types of beeps
Hardware
(1) Understanding Electronic Board
(2) CPU, NPU, Over Drive & DMA
(3) Memory and their types
(4) Busses and their types
(5) Display ant their types
(6) Storage Systems Concepts
(7) Mother Board and their types
(8) I/O Cards
(9) Integrated and Non Integrated System
(10) Mother Board Speed
(11) Older PC vc Newer System

(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
(19)
(20)
(21)
(22)
(23)
(24)
(25)
(26)
(27)
(28)
(29)
(30)
(31)
(32)
(33)
c.

Communications Devices
Mother Board and its Jumper Setting
PC Conflicts
Understanding IOs address and IRQs.
Branded Vs Non Branded
Network Devices
HDD, Process & their Types
FDD, Process & their Types
CD ROM & CD Writer, Process & Their Types
Tape Drive, Process & Their Types
Zip and Optical Drives, Process & Their Types
Cabels
Key Board & Mice
Printing Process
Printer Types, & their Process
Laptops
Scanners
Multimedia Devices
Basic Electronic Components (Resistance, Capacitor & Transistor)
Electro Static Discharge (ESD)
Network Topology
Super, Main Frame & Mini Systems

Software
(1) Installation Procedure of Software
(2) Advance Technique of Installation
(3) Operating System (DOS & Windows)
(4) Checkit
(5) Norton
(6) First Aid
(7) Nuts and Bolts
(8) Drivers
(9) Under Standing standard Errors Types
(10) Getting Acquaint about Virus and Anti Virus
(11) Backing up your System
(12) Network installation
(13) FAT (16 & 32 Bits)
(14) VFAT, NTFS & UNIX file system

Getting Aware with the tools


Getting Aware with Tools. Regarding PC Diagnostics and trouble shooting we deal
with following three types of problems:Tools for Firmware/Hardware. The firmware are the software totally designed by the
company and all those software are fed into different types of Integrated Circuits (ICs)
i.e BIOS/CMOS. Hardware are different types of PC components including mother
board and extension cards (daughter board), storage system (CD ROM, Floppy, Hard
Disk, Tape Drive) which are electronic components. The following tools are required:a.
Electro Static Strip
b.
ICs Extractor Kit
c.
Solder / De-Solder Station Kit
d.
Sucker
e.
Electronic Components
f.
Electronic Tools Kit
g.
Twiser/Players
h.
Screw Drivers (Flip/Flate)
Tool for Software. All PCs are controlled by the software. The software are different
categories. The most important are Operating Systems, Utility Software, and the
Application Software. In trouble shooting commonly used software are Checkit, First
Aid, Norton, and Anti Virus.
a.
Operating System (DOS & Windows)
b.
Checkit
c.
Norton
d.
First Aid
e.
Nuts and Bolts
g
Drivers

Você também pode gostar