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Jae-Bok NAM
POSCO Technical Research Lab.
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Introduction
Automotive Steels in POSCO
Sales in 2003~2012
8.0
Sales of Automotive
Steels, million ton
7.0
6.0
5.0
Product
4.0
Steel
Grade
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
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Development of AHSS
Banana Diagram
Conventional AHSS
Elongation (%)
AHSS grade
DP/CP
TRIP
Mart
HPF
TWIP
Duplex/Lightweight
IF
Status
Commercialized
Developed
Developing
Mild
BH
eXtra-AHSS (X-AHSS)
- Giga duplex, Light weight steel
- 25,000 < TSxEl < 50,000 MPa%
Ultra-AHSS (U-AHSS)
- TWIP steel
- TSxEl > 50,000 MPa%
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18
0.75mm
- 7%
0.7mm
17
16
340BH
490DP
[ Weight reduction ]
Weight (kg)
+ 53%
490DP
340BH
[ Improvement of dent resistance ]
Applications
Applications
Small Sedan, Hood outer
GA 590DP (0.55t)
Class
CR/EG
GI/GA
CR/EG
GI/GA
YS (MPa)
TS (MPa)
El (%)
167
340
32
1.75
180
340
35
2.25
Application
340E Steel on Korean OEMs SIDE OTR PNL
Worlds first commercial application
Weight Reduction 7% (EDDQ 0.7t 0.65t)
We have 340ES for better than 340E
GI
980DP Steel
CR/GI/GA 980DP with good bendability
Spec.
(R/t)
L
C
2.5
2.5
R/t
1.5
1.3
2.5
3.0
O
O
Applications
1180CP Steel
GA 1180CP for Reinforcement Parts
Requirement
Devloping Target
High YR
Bendability
Spot weldability
Zn coatability
YS 850 MPa,
TS 1180 MPa
Bending radius 3 x thickness
Low Ceq and Si content
1180CP
Suppress ferrite and promote bainite transformation High YR, excellent bending property
Applications
Martensite
Ferrite
Bainite
[ Microstructure ]
GI 1470Mart
GI 1470Mart for Reinforcement Parts
Safety regulation for frontal small overlap crash test
: 25% offset collision introduced by IIHS
So, rocker or side sill becomes more and more
important where anti-corrosion is also significant
Commercialization of the world 1st GI 1470 Martensitic steel
* cf. www.iihs.org
TS (MPa)
T-El (%)
YR
Bendability(1
1050
1470
> 0.71
1)
Applications
Rocker Outer
Bumper Beam
First commercial production in the world
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BIW
Spring Stopper
Lower Arm
Front Cross Member
The red colored parts are made from TWIP steel through collaboration with customers.
Recently, the number of chassis application is increasing as the advantage becomes
apparent with TWIP steel. .
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980TWIP
50
900TWIP
40
900_HY TWIP
LC
30
20
10
BH
1000_HY TWIP
1000_HY TWIP
1000
1200_HY TWIP
900_HY TWIP
900TWIP
800
600
400
200
CP, MART
HPF
0
200
1200_HY TWIP
1200
60
Stress (MPa)
Elongation (%)
70
1400
0
0
20
40
Strain (%)
60
To meet the customers needs for high YS TWIP steels, POSCO developed three grades,
900_HY, 1000_HY and 1200_HY, which is utilized work hardening by skin pass rolling .
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80
TS (MPa)
El (%)
TSxEl (MPa%)
980 DP
780
1040
11
11440
980 Duplex
937
1033
28
28924
1000
800
600
(TS X El 25,000MPa%)
400
200
0
Ferrite
X-AHSS grade!!
Austenite
CR 980 Duplex
0
10
20
Strain(%)
30
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Implementation : Multi-strength HPF, TWB HPF to enhance the ductility in sepecific area
Multi-strength HPF
HPF1470
(1.5GPa)
HSS 590
HSS 590
HPF1470
(0.6GPa)
(1 Piece Blank)
TWB HPF
HPF1470
Laser welding (1.5GPa)
HSS 380Y
[ Conventional Design ]
CHSP340Y
(0.6GPa)
(TWB Blank)
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Side Sill
Original Beam
Design Optimization
Durability Test
PI
17
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18
TWB Disk
Objectives
To integrate POSCOs steel products & application tech. to provide Cost Efficient Steel Solutions
for electric vehicle to our customers
To identify Requirements of New Steel Grades and New Opportunities for Steel
Dimensions
Surface Streamline
Aerodynamic Design
High Roof Package for Maximizing
Passenger/Battery Spaces
Detachable Rear Battery Package
Cd = 0.285
[ Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation ]
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Design Results
Weight Reduction : 26.4%
Steel Grades
(As % of Body Weight)
MILD,2.5%
Mg(Sheet),2.0%
ETC, 0.53%
E-ES/C/R Class,
32.9%
HPF1470/2000,
DP490/590/780,
8.2%
15.6%
CP1180/1470,
10.3%
DP980,
TWIP980,
DUPLEX3.9%
9.3%
TRIP590,1.6%
10.4%
TRIP980,1180,
3.3%
AHSS = 65.0 %
UHSS(1GPa) = 45.4 %
Manufacturing Process
Manufacturing Process
(As % of BIW Structure Mass)
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Demonstration
Transition
line
Weldability Test
Assembly
Ductile Zone
Hard
Zone
Weld-line
HPF1470
CHSP340Y
Prototyping
Upgraded Models
1. Solution for RCAR Test
Max.
Effective Plastic
Strain < 0.03
2.1%
2.4%
1.9%
LH : 2.3%
Final
Weight
Savings
30%
Modified Parts
(kN/deg)
17.4%
50%
20.2
25.8
216kg
207kg
218kg
PBC-EV Base Extra Light. High Stiff.
High Performance and Reliability : PMSM EPT System with High Power Density & High Efficiency
Compact
Light Weight
Low Cost
Easy Installation
Optimized Design
Parts Integration
Products
100kW PMSM
Major Specifications
- Motor Type : Interior Permanent Magnet
- Max. Power : 100kW@5,600rpm/90sec
- Continuous Power : 60kW@0~12,000rpm
- Max. Torque : 320Nm/90sec
- Cooling : Water (65, 12/min)
Performance
T-N Curve
Efficiency Map
100kW T-N characteristic
100kW output
Max Power
Cont. Torque
Continuous Power
Power (kW)
Torque (Nm)
Max Torque
60kW is available
stably for whole
speed range
* Avg. 95%
efficiency in most
frequent usable
operating
** Avg. efficiency
(UDDS LA4mode) :
92%
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Concluding Remarks
POSCO has been developing new advanced materials
and application technologies for vehicle lightweighting
POSCO develops new technologies, utilizing external
as well as internal resources for customer value creation
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