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in microwave devices
J.A.P. Magno, I.S.Queiroz Jr., H.D. Andrade, S.M. Holanda, D.Souza, J.H.A. Silveira
Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-rido (UFERSA)
e-mail:arimateiamagno@hotmail.com
Abstract: This work proposes the application of a ceramic material, the niobium pentoxide
Nb2O5 as an alternative in the production of microstrip antenna substrate and microwave
devices. The method chosen was the technique of powder metallurgy. This study can observe
the electrical properties of Nb2O5, varying the compression pressure and sintering
temperature. The manufacturing process occurs from the compression of the material by a
hydraulic pressing and sintering. Was performed a characterization of the electrical quantities,
conductivity measurement, the electrical permittivity and loss tangent. In order to prove and
validate the use of the test material has been made numerical and computational
implementation and then applying the same as a substrate, as a way of validation as a
microwave device.
Keywords: Antenas de microfita, Pentxido de Nibio, Substratos para antenas de microfita.
Introduction
Very common in mobile devices the microstrip antennas are basically made up of two
conductive plates separated by an insulating or semiconducting called substrate. The device
quality is directly related to the electrical characteristics of the substrate along with their
operating parameters. In addition, a dielectric constant higher of substrate enabled the
miniaturization of devices for the most diverse applications.
Among the materials used can be mentioned the ceramic materials, for example
MFe2O4, MTiO3, MNb2O5, BiNbO4 e Nb2O5. [1]. Due to their electrical characteristics (high
stability, high electrical permittivity, low conductivity etc.), these materials are feasible for
applications in short and millimeter waves. In addition to the features already mentioned the
production of technologies with Nb2O5 is feasible, considering that Brazil is the owner of
95% of world reserves of niobium.
This paper proposes the study and implementation of material niobium pentoxide
powder for the manufacture of microwave devices. To obtain the ceramic pellets it was used
the powder metallurgy process and the analysis of electrical properties were obtained through
a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA).
Experimental procedure
The material used in the manufacture of the pads was donated by CBMM (Companhia
Brasileira de Metalurgia e Minerao) who sent the niobium pentoxide in powder with
approximately 99% purity. The production of the specimens has followed the steps that can
be observed in Figure 1.
a)
b)
Figure 2: a) Tangent of loss versus frequency for different values of compression, b) Tangent
of loss versus frequency for different sintering temperatures.
As shown in Figure 2 to the variation of the compaction pressure was proportional to
the variation of the loss tangent, the growth of a parameter means the growth of the other,
however this characteristic was not linear, so that loss tangent not grown with compressive
pressures at all temperatures, is slightly different at 800 and 1000 C. The variation of the
loss tangent with temperature also showed non-linear, the growth of a parameter did not
imply the growth of others. The values for relative permittivity was shown in the range of 6 to
8 were not found in the literature values for these constants in this frequency range of 1 to 4
GHz which is the frequency proposal work. Another important parameter in the analysis was
the return loss, once the antenna has been produced, this would serve to validate their
operation, the analysis of the return loss for the temperature of 1100 C for different pressure
values can be seen in Figure 3.