Air Breathing Engines and

Aerospace Propulsion
Proceedings of NCABE 2004
05-07 November 2004

EDITORS
B.N. Raghunandan
Charlie Oommen
R.K. Sullerey

Organised by

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KANPUR

Allied Publishers Pvt. Limited

New Delhi Mumbai Kolkata Lucknow Chennai
Nagpur Bangalore Hyderabad Ahmedabad

Contents

List of Reviewers
Committees
Preface

v
xi
xiii

COMBUSTORS (EXPERIMENTAL)
1.

Altitude Relight Characteristics of an Aero Gas Turbine

Combustor

R.K. Mishra
2. Re-Circulating Flow Dynamics Inside a Dump Combustor
S. Nigam, D. Ahmed, A. Kushari and D.P. Mishra

12

3. Spectroscopic Analysis of a Premixed LPG-Air Flame

Robin Gupta, Vinkish Garg and A. Kushari

23

4. Direct Drop Size Measurement of a Cryogenic Spray

Hrishikesh Ganu, Santosh Kumar Sahoo and
B.N. Raghunandan

33

5. Estimation of Overall Total Pressure Loss of an Annular

Combustor by Water Tunnel Experiments

46

Dalton M. and C. Badarinath

COMBUSTORS/JETS (THEORETICAL)
6. A Preliminary Design and Analysis of Annular Gas Turbine
Combustor Using Control Volume Approach
Ramanand Singh, Venkataraman Shankar,
Keshav Kant and B.P. Pundir
7. Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of a Thermal Pulse Combustor
Achintya Mukhopadhyay, Subhashis Datta and
Dipankar Sanyal

59

70

xW

Contents

8. CFD Analysis of an Afterburner System with Inlet Swirl

Under Isothermal Condition
Ganesan S., Kishore Kumar S., Venkataraman Shankar
and Ganesan V.
9. Multi-Dimensional Modeling in a Gas Turbine Combustor
Atul Singhal and R.V. Ravikrishna
10. Numerical Investigation of Moderately Under-expanded
Turbulent Free Jets

79

95

105

E. Rajakuperan and V. Ashok

CONTROLS
11. An Approach to Controller Synthesis for Twin Spool
Aircraft Gas Turbine Engine
S. Srivastava, V. Kulkarni and S.R. Balakrishnan

117

12. Hardware in the Loop Simulation for Verification of

Control Laws of Digital Control System for Gas Turbine
Engine
Tarun Uppal, Anoop Kohli, S. Kathiresan and Vaman
Kulkarni

130

13. Uncertainty Analysis of Propellant Gauging System for

Spacecraft

141

Amit Lai and B.N. Raghunandan

COMPRESSORS
14. Aerodynamic Studies on Swept Blades for Axial Flow
Fan/Compressor
Bhaskar Roy and Manish Chouhan
15. Secondary Flow Control Using Vortex Generator Jets:
Physical Mechanism
A.M. Pradeep and R.K. Sullerey
16. Feasibility Study of Tandem Blades Using Mises Code
Bhaskar Roy and M. Pankaj Mallik

159

175
188

Contents xvli

17. Stability and Control Analysis of Centrifugal Compressor

Manas Pradhan, Ramamurthy, S. and
Mayavanshi, V.K.
18. Aerodynamic Design and Analysis of a 1.6 Pressure Ratio
Transonic Axial Flow Compressor Stage
Q.H. Nagpurwala, S.R. Chaudhary and
S. Sangamnath

206

222

DESIGN/ENGINES
19. Design of Wind Back Seals for Use in Compressor
Test Rigs
Harikrishnan A.G., M.Z. Siddique and
K. Radhakrishnan
20. Sensitivity Analysis of Critical Labyrinth Seals of
Aero-Engines
M. Srikanth, V. Sethu Manavalan and
N. Nanjunda Rao
21. 5-Axes Levitation of a Rotor Towards Indigenisation of the
Magnetic Bearing Technology
S. Jana, V. Arun Kumar and M. Ananda
22. Application of Layer Damping Technique
- An Experimental Study
K.S. Nagendra, V. Arun Kumar, S. Jana and
Mahesh Mesta
23. In-flight Liquid Oxygen Collection Systems for AirBreathing Hypersonic Vehicle
D.P. Rao, A. Bhowal, S. Pandey and R. Gopalaswami
24. Ram Air Induction Phenomina in Wankel Engines
Murthy, V. Sarveswaran and Y.V.S. Murthy
25. Effect of Fuel/Oil Discipline on Aero Engines:
A Case Study
B.S. Vedaprakash, G. Gouda, S. Narayana Swamy and
C. Jagadish Babu

241

250

263

275

289
302

315

xvlil

Contents

26.

Engine Health Monitoring: A Tool for Small Gas

Turbine Life Extension
Nishikant Tamrakar, L.N. Raghavendra and
Y.V.S. Murthy

332

FLOW & HEAT TRANSFER

27. Review of Stealth Technology and Aircraft IR Signatures
G.A. Rao and S.P. Mahulikar
28.

Effect of Wall Heating on Flow Field of a Low Speed

Rectangular Wall Jet

345

359

G. Mahendra Perumal and B.T.N. Sridhar

29.

An Experimental Study of Heat Transfer for a Premixed

Flame Impinging Normally on a Flat Surface
Ankush T. Gathibandhe, Subhash Chander and
Anjan Ray

367

MANUFACTURE
30.

Investigations on Machining Critical Aero Engine Parts

Using Multi-Axis CNC EDM Technology
K. Srinivasulu, Vishal U. Bagade,
Neeraj K. Mishra and S. Sudhakar Reddy

31. Cutting Temperatures in Machining of Titanium Alloy

381

391

D.R.S.V. Varma, B.G. Nanda Gopal and

S. Sudhakar Reddy
32.

Advances in Materials for Kaveri Engine Development

Programme

399

Subrata Das, S.N. Narendra Babu and S.N. Ghosh

MISCELLANEOUS
33. An Experimental Investigation of Flapping Wing
Propulsion for Micro Air Vehicle (MAV)
V. Duriyanandhan, A. Muniappan and V. Baskar

415

Contents xlx

34.

35.

An Approach to Certification of Jet Fuel Starter for

Advanced Fighter Aircraft
S. Narayana Swamy, R.K. Jha and
B.S. Vedprakash
Development of a Three-Dimensional Two-Phase Flow
Solver on a Parallel Linux Cluster

427

440

R. Balu and V. Ashok

SCRAM JETS (EXPERIMENTAL)
36. Effect of Strut Based Cavities on Confined Supersonic
Flow Mixing
Rakesh Kumar, O.J. Shreenivasan, T. Sai Kumar,
R.I. Sujith and S.R. Chakravarthy
37. Supersonic Cold Flow Mixing Studies on Strut-based
Ramp Fuel Injectors
Rakesh Kumar, T. Sai Kumar, O.J. Shreenivasan,
R.I. Sujith and S. R. Chakravarthy
38.

Heat Transfer Analysis of a Scramjet Test Combustor

S. Kesav Kumar, S. Krishnamoorthy and
S.V. Subba Rao

39.

Study of Cavity Flow Field for Mixing Enhancement in

Supersonic Flows
M.C. Mohamed Ali and Job Kurian

40.

Experimental Studies on Strut Based Supersonic

Combustor Using Hydrocarbon Fuel with Pilot
Hydrogen

451

463

474

484

497

J.V.S. Murthy, B. Rajinikanth, C. Chandrasekhar,

B.V.N. Charyulu, Satish Kumar and M.Sambasiva Rao
41. Design and Theoretical Performance of an
Actively-Cooled Vitiated Air Heater for Testing
Scramjet Engine
R.D. Swami, S. Kumar and M. Sambasivarao

506

xx

Contents

SCRAM JETS (THEORETICAL)

42. CFD Simulations of Reacting Flow Field in a Strut Based
Scramjet Test Combustor
Sai Ganesan H. and Ganesh R.

517

43. Study of Strut Based Parallel Injection into Supersonic

529

Flow

Desikan S.L.N. and Job Kurian

44. Optimisation of an Inviscid Scram-jet Air-intake
Pankaj Priyadarshi, Vinod Kumar, V. Adimurthy,
Dipankar Das, Pradeep Kumar and V.K.Goyal
45. Conjugate Heat Transfer Analysis for Strut Used for Fuel
Injection in Scramjet Combustor
M.S.R. Chandra Murthy, A.K. Kachroo and
M. Sambasiva Rao
46. Transverse Liquid Jet Injection into a Supersonic Flow

541

552

563

Sumit Soni and Debasis Chakraborty

STRUCTURES
47. Fatigue Life Evaluation of Kaveri Engine By-Pass Duct
Ramakrishna Narayana Bhat, Niranjan Sarangi and
P. Ramesh
48. Fatigue Life Evaluation of Kaveri Engine HP Main Shafts
K.C. Sharma, P. Ramesh and G.V. Venkata Rao
49. New Approach for the Manufacture of the Photoelastic
Stress Analysis Models of Gas Turbine Engine Components
U. Chandrasekhar and K. Ramachandra
50. Bolted Jointed Stifness Studies - An Experimental
Approach
V. Arun Kumar, M.K. Rajaneesh, M. Radhakrishna and
S. Jana

573

579

589

601

Contents xxl

51. Feasibility Studies on Power Take Off Composite Shaft

V. Arun Kumar, Shashidhar U.G., S. Jana,
V. Munirathnam and Mahesh Mesta

616

52. Preliminary Studies on the Thermo-Mechanical

Characteristics of Indigenously Developed Shape Memory
Alloy Wires
Lakshminarasima R., V. Arun Kumar, Soumendu Jana,
K.V. Ramaiah and S.K. Bhaumik

626

53. Finite Element Analysis of High Aspect Ratio Fan Blades

637

Sandeep Dhar, P. Seshu and B. Roy

TURBINE
54. Effect of Operating Pressure on Exit Temperature Traverse
of an Aero Gas Turbine Combustor
M.N. Bhat, R.K. Mishra and R.D. Navindgi
55. Effect of Inlet Wake and Blowing Ratio on Static Pressure
Distribution of a Turbine Rotor Linear Cascade Blade
Murari Sridhar, B.V.S.S.S. Prasad and N. Sitaram
56. The Dynamics of Laminar Separation Bubble and Its Control
Sourabh Diwan, S.J. Chetan and O.N. Ramesh
57. Unsteady Flow on the Suction Surface of a LP Turbine
Blade Due to Passing Wakes and Large Eddy Simulation
S. Sarkar and P.R. Voke
58. Effect of Blade Square Trailing Edge on the
Performance of a High Pressure Turbine Stage
S.V. Ramana Murty, T. Prabhakaran, R. Ganesh,
T.V. Krishnaiah and K.M.M. Swamy

651
658
674

685
697

SUBJECT INDEX

711

AUTHOR INDEX

715