#19 Gumabon,Karen H.

2F-Pharmacy

FILLING

The monogram is filled and

become narrow

Applying too much solution

Control fluid application rate

EROSION

Tablets tumble during the

coating process

Over-wetted; inadequate drying

Control drying rate and temperature

STICKING

Sticking refers to a tablet

material adhering to the die
wall

LAMINATION

Occur upon storage period, or

soon after compression. Air
entrapment between layers of
tablet. Low levels of binding
agent
Unequal distribution of color on
the tablet surface with light and
dark areas standing out in an
otherwise uniform coloured
surface
Capping is defined as the
partial or complete
separation of the top or
bottom crowns of a tablet
from the main body of the
tablet.

Presence of low melting point

substances in the formula which
gets soften due to compressive
heat
Air entrapment in the tablet among
granules or among
particles

Proper drying of the granules to remove

excessive moisture
Selection of Binding agent is essential
to solve sticking.
By pre-compression, Reducing final
compression, Minimizing
tableting rate

Variation in the colours of

ingredients (drug and other
additives)

By using bright coloring agent that will

mask all the color variations
of the ingredients
Proper drying by reducing the drying
temperature
Avoid defective punches and dies. High
temperature adjustment also favors
capping. Distance between upper and
lower punches will entrap air is bone
factor for capping

MOTTLING

CAPPING

TWINNING

ORANGE
PEEL(ROUGHNESS)

By their very nature, sugarcoating formulations are very

sticky, particularly as they
begin to dry, and allow
adjacent tablets to stick
together
Inadequate spreading of the
coating solution before drying
causes a bumpy or orangepeel effect on the coating.

Excessive pressure
Air entrapment

Buildup of multiples really becomes

a problem when the tablets being
coated have flat surface which can
easily come into contact with one
another

Appropriate choice in tablet punch design

can be effectively used to minimize the
problem.

This is caused by process

conditions which include low spray
rates coupled with excessive drying
conditions and use of excessive
atomizing air pressures.

Adjust the spray rate and drying

conditions

EDGE WEAR(CHIPPING)

Tablet edges are often

exposed to attritional effects,
so fracture at this point results
in parts of the surface being
exposed, referred as chipping.

Seen with brittle film coatings that

offer insufficient protection to tablet
edges.

Addition of small quantities of polymers

(such as
cellulosics,polyvinylpyrrolidine,acacia,or
gelatin) to improve structural integrity.

BRIDGING OF
LOGOS(INTAGLIATIONS)

Coating fills in the

letter or logo on
the tablet

a component of the internal

stress becomes sufficiently high
so as to cause partial or
complete detachment of the
coating in the region of logo.

Improve film adhesion by adjusting

plasticizer content
Appropriate design of tablet punches with
respect to logo