FOUNDATION ENGINEERING

Teacher:
Jnos Szendefy, PhD lecturer

Budapest
8 September 2010

Foundation Engineering

1. Information about the course

Credit point: 4
2 hours lecture / week
2 hours practice/ each second week
Test: 45 min. on 27 Octobre
Deadline of projects:
1 project: 3 November
2 project: 8 December
Admission for the exam:
Pass the test,
Deliver the projects,
Participate the practices 4 times during the semester.

Foundation Engineering

2. Contents of semester
Function of foundations
Soil exploration
Shallow foundations:

Types
yp
Designing
Settlements
Stability
Design onto disadvantageous soils

Deep foundations:

Piles
Diphragma walls
Cylinder
C li d and
d box
b caisson
i

Building foundations:

Excavation, retaining structures

Dewatering

Foundation Engineering

3. Function of foundations, basic concepts

Foundation: A structure elements, which transfer the load
of the superstructer onto the soil layers.

Settlements
Stress in the soil
Demage

Foundation Engineering

3. Function of foundations, basic concepts

Sh ll
Shallow
ffoundation
d ti

D
Deep
ffoundation
d ti
Soil layers
G
Groundwater
d t llevell

Neigborhood buildings
Superstructure
Building situations

Special structure element: difficult standardization, built

under the surface, difficult to repair, its effect to the
superstructure

Foundation Engineering

4. Soil exploration
Aim: find out the soil layers on the site and determine

the
h soilil parameters to design
d i the
h most suitable
i bl foundation
f
d i

Site visiting:
Inclination of the site
Environment of the site
Neighborhood buildings (foundation, cracks)
Flora
Local information

Foundation Engineering

4. Soil exploration
Di t processes :
Direct
Test pit
Borehole
o e o e (s
(small
a o
or large
a ge d
diameter)
a ete )

Indirect processes :
Sounding processes (in-situ testing devices)
Geophysical processes

Foundation Engineering

4. 1. Direct processes
Test pit

Advantages
d a tages :

Reliable
Undisturbed sample

Disadvantages
sad a ages :

Small depth
Just above groundwater
Earth retaining

General using: foundation of existing buildings

Foundation Engineering

4. 1. Direct processes
Borehole
Small diameter

Advantages :

Small (easy to move)

Cheap

Disadvantages :

Not always applicable

Small diameter

General using: 0-8 m depth, normal soils

Foundation Engineering

4. 1. Direct processes
Borehole
Large diameter

Advantages :

Fast (economical in huge project)

Large diameter
Deth without limit
Heavy (soil, rock)

Disadvantages :
More expensive
Big size

General using: 8-60 m depth, diameter 100-300 mm

Foundation Engineering

4. 1. Direct processes
Borehole
Large diameter

Foundation Engineering

4. 1. Direct processes
Sampling
Undisturbed sample
Strength characteristic
Deformation charachteristic

Disturbed sample
Soil classification
Water content

Foundation Engineering

4. 1. Direct processes
Boring log

Foundation Engineering

4. 1. Direct processes
Soil section

Foundation Engineering

Thank you for your attention!