Universidad de Cuenca

Ingeniera Electrnica y Telecomunicaciones

SISTEMAS DE COMUNICACIN 2

Ciclo Marzo 2015 a Agosto 2015

SISTEMAS DE COMUNICACIN 2
TEMA 8: MODULACIN DIGITAL
Sub-Tema 1 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de amplitud (ASK)
Sub-Tema 2 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de frecuencia (FSK)
Sub-Tema 3 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de fase (PSK)
Sub-Tema 4 :Comparacin de sistemas de modulacin binaria digital
Sub-Tema 5 :AM de cuadratura (QAM) y PSK cuaternaria (QPSK)
Sub-Tema 6 :FSK ortogonal M-naria
Sub-Tema 7 :PSK M-aria
Sub-Tema 8 :Comparacin de mtodos de modulacin digital

TEMA 8: MODULACIN DIGITAL

MODULACIN DIGITAL

MODULACIN DIGITAL

MODULACIN DIGITAL

MODULACIN DIGITAL

MODULACIN DIGITAL

MODULACIN DIGITAL

MODULACIN DIGITAL

MODULACIN DIGITAL

MODULACIN DIGITAL

MODULACIN DIGITAL

TEMA 8: MODULACIN DIGITAL

Sub-Tema 1 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de

amplitud (ASK)

Sub-Tema 1 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de amplitud (ASK)

AMPLITUDE-SHIFT KEYING (ASK)

In amplitude-shift keying, the amplitude of a high-frequency carrier signal is

switched between two or more values in response lo the PCM code. For the
binary case, the usual choice is on-off keying (sometimes abbreviated as OOK).

Sub-Tema 1 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de amplitud (ASK)

AMPLITUDE-SHIFT KEYING (ASK)

In amplitude-shift keying, the amplitude of a high-frequency carrier signal is

switched between two or more values in response lo the PCM code. For the
binary case, the usual choice is on-off keying (sometimes abbreviated as OOK).

Time-autocorrelation function
Optimum decision time is for t = T

Optimum decision threshold E/2

Sub-Tema 1 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de amplitud (ASK)

AMPLITUDE-SHIFT KEYING (ASK)

ASK system is equivalent to an on-off

base band system in terms of the
average signal-to-noise ratio required
for a given probability of error.

Sub-Tema 1 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de amplitud (ASK)

AMPLITUDE-SHIFT KEYING (ASK)

TEMA 8: MODULACIN DIGITAL

Sub-Tema 2 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de

frecuencia (FSK)

Sub-Tema 2 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de frecuencia (FSK)

FREQUENCY-SHIFT KEYING (FSK)

In frequency-shift keying, the instantaneous frequency of the carrier signal is

switched between two (or more) values in response to the PCM code

Sub-Tema 2 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de frecuencia (FSK)

FREQUENCY-SHIFT KEYING (FSK)

On an average bit energy-tonoise basis, for the same peakpower requirements FSK has a
3-dB advantage over ASK
because the latter is off
approximately one-half of the
time

Sub-Tema 2 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de frecuencia (FSK)

FREQUENCY-SHIFT KEYING (FSK)

Sub-Tema 2 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de frecuencia (FSK)

FREQUENCY-SHIFT KEYING (FSK)

What is the optimum frequency separation for the detection of FSK?

Orthogonality condition

Sub-Tema 2 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de frecuencia (FSK)

FREQUENCY-SHIFT KEYING (FSK)

TEMA 8: MODULACIN DIGITAL

Sub-Tema 3 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de

fase (PSK)

Sub-Tema 3 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de fase (PSK)

PHASE-SHIFT KEYING (PSK)

In phase-shift keying, the phase of the carrier signal is switched between two
(or more) values in response to the PCM code.
For binary PCM, a 180 phase shift is a convenient choice because it simplifies
the modulator design and is often used. This particular choice is known as
phase-reversal keying (PRK)
The maximum peak signal-to-noise ratio for a given
signal energy is then obtained for the condition
Antipodal

Sub-Tema 3 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de fase (PSK)

PHASE-SHIFT KEYING (PSK)

PRK has the same probability of-error

performance as polar-baseband systems.
To attain a given error probability the
average power required for FSK and ASK is
twice that required for PRK.

Sub-Tema 3 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de fase (PSK)

PHASE-SHIFT KEYING (PSK)

Sub-Tema 3 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de fase (PSK)

PHASE-SHIFT KEYING (PSK)

Sub-Tema 3 :Conmutador de desplazamiento de fase (PSK)

PHASE-SHIFT KEYING (PSK)

TEMA 8: MODULACIN DIGITAL

Sub-Tema 4 :Comparacin de sistemas de

modulacin binaria digital

Sub-Tema 4 :Comparacin de sistemas de modulacin binaria digital

COMPARISON OF BINARY DIGITAL MODULATION SYSTEMS

TEMA 8: MODULACIN DIGITAL

Sub-Tema 5 :AM de cuadratura (QAM) y PSK

cuaternaria (QPSK)

Sub-Tema 5 :AM de cuadratura (QAM) y PSK cuaternaria (QPSK)

QUADRATURE AM (QAM) AND QUATERNARY PSK (QPSK)

In tbe QAM system

To restrict the bandwidth

and provide the desired
spectral shaping.

I and Q
modulated
modulation

data signals are

using
DSB-SC

Sub-Tema 5 :AM de cuadratura (QAM) y PSK cuaternaria (QPSK)

QUADRATURE AM (QAM) AND QUATERNARY PSK (QPSK)

QAM system
Bandwidtb efficiency of
QAM is 2 bps/Hz

Sub-Tema 5 :AM de cuadratura (QAM) y PSK cuaternaria (QPSK)

QUADRATURE AM (QAM) AND QUATERNARY PSK (QPSK)

QAM system

QAM can be viewed as phase modulation if the I and Q signals have identical magnitudes.
Such systems are popularly known as quadrature PSK (QPSK) systems.

Sub-Tema 5 :AM de cuadratura (QAM) y PSK cuaternaria (QPSK)

QUADRATURE AM (QAM) AND QUATERNARY PSK (QPSK)

In the QPSK system, all of the information is conveyed by the phase, and a
constant envelope is desirable.
To restrict the bandwidth of the data
stream to less than one-half the carrier
frequency
Spectral shaping

I and Q
modulated
modulation

data signals are

using
DSB-SC

To maintain a constant envelope

Sub-Tema 5 :AM de cuadratura (QAM) y PSK cuaternaria (QPSK)

QUADRATURE AM (QAM) AND QUATERNARY PSK (QPSK)

QPSK system
Bandwidtb efficiency of
QPSK is 2 bps/Hz

Sub-Tema 5 :AM de cuadratura (QAM) y PSK cuaternaria (QPSK)

QUADRATURE AM (QAM) AND QUATERNARY PSK (QPSK)

Phase shifts of 0, 90, 180, and 270

Sub-Tema 5 :AM de cuadratura (QAM) y PSK cuaternaria (QPSK)

Sub-Tema 5 :AM de cuadratura (QAM) y PSK cuaternaria (QPSK)

QUADRATURE AM (QAM) AND QUATERNARY PSK (QPSK)

Carrier recovery
circuits must be
used in QPSK
demodulators.

The probability of error for QPSK is greater than that for BPSK (PRK). If, however, we
account for the fact that twice as much data is being transmitted, the probability of error
performance of both systems is the same.

Sub-Tema 5 :AM de cuadratura (QAM) y PSK cuaternaria (QPSK)

QUADRATURE AM (QAM) AND QUATERNARY PSK (QPSK)

TEMA 8: MODULACIN DIGITAL

Sub-Tema 6 :FSK ortogonal M-naria

Sub-Tema 6 :FSK ortogonal M-naria

M -ARY ORTHOGONAL FSK

M-ary orthogonal signaling, useful in power-limited channels to conserve

transmitted power at the expense of added bandwidth and equipment
complexity.
M orthogonal signals

Minimum frequency
separation

Sub-Tema 6 :FSK ortogonal M-naria

M -ARY ORTHOGONAL FSK

Sub-Tema 6 :FSK ortogonal M-naria

M -ARY ORTHOGONAL FSK

Average power in M-ary orthogonal signaling

decrease as M is increased.

Larger values of M tend to increase the

complexity of the transmitting and receiving
equipment

Sub-Tema 6 :FSK ortogonal M-naria

M -ARY ORTHOGONAL FSK

Sub-Tema 6 :FSK ortogonal M-naria

M -ARY ORTHOGONAL FSK

TEMA 8: MODULACIN DIGITAL

Sub-Tema 7 :PSK M-aria

Sub-Tema 7 :PSK M-aria

MARY PSK

A convenient set of signals for M-ary PSK is the set

Bandwidth effciency

Sub-Tema 7 :PSK M-aria

MARY PSK

Signal constellation

Sub-Tema 7 :PSK M-aria

MARY PSK

8 PSK constellation

Sub-Tema 7 :PSK M-aria

MARY PSK

16 PSK constellation

Sub-Tema 7 :PSK M-aria

MARY PSK

Error Probability

M> 8 are seldom used in Mary PSK signaling as a result

of the excessive additional
power requirements.

Sub-Tema 7 :PSK M-aria

MARY PSK

Error Probability

Sub-Tema 7 :PSK M-aria

MARY PSK

TEMA 8: MODULACIN DIGITAL

Sub-Tema 8 :Comparacin de mtodos de

modulacin digital

Sub-Tema 8 :Comparacin de mtodos de modulacin digital

COMPARISON OF DIGITAL MODULATION SYSTEMS

Choice of digital modulation methods

Bandwidth efficiency (in bps/Hz),
Error performance (Pe versus S/N)
Equipment complexity (cost).

Sub-Tema 8 :Comparacin de mtodos de modulacin digital

COMPARISON OF DIGITAL MODULATION SYSTEMS

TEMA 8: MODULACIN DIGITAL

Ejercicios

Ejercicios

Revisar los ejemplos de la

presentacion