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Chapter 3
Individual Differences
And Assessment
Figure 3.1
The Link between Attributes
and Behavior in Organizations
Source: K. R. Murphy (1996).
Cognitive Abilities
Intelligence as g
Cognitive Abilities
Is g important at work? Yes
Intelligence (or g): broad general capability
describes persons ability to learn from experience
job complexity = predictive value of
general intelligence tests
Sensory Abilities
Vision
Touch
Taste
Smell
Hearing
Kinesthetic feedback
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Psychomotor Abilities
Also called sensorimotor or motor abilities
Physical functions of movement, associated
with coordination, dexterity and reaction time
Fleishmans psychomotor abilities
Arm-hand steadiness
Manual dexterity
Finger dexterity
Control precision
Response orientation
Rate control
Reaction time
Wrist-finger speed
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Additional Proposed
Individual Differences
Skills
Practiced acts
Technical & non-technical
Knowledge
Collection of discrete but related facts & information
about a particular domain
Tacit knowledge street smarts
Procedural knowledge knowing how
Declarative knowledge knowing that
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Emotional intelligence
Awareness of our own & others emotions
Controversial construct
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What is a Test?
Objective & standardized procedure for
measuring a psychological construct using a
sample of behavior
Attributes to be assessed
Ways to assess attributes
CONTENT
PROCESS
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Tests (cont'd)
What is the meaning of a test score?
Norming & norm groups used to interpret & give meaning
to a score
Test battery
Collection of tests assessing variety of different attributes
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Speed Test
The game show
Jeopardy is an
example of a speed test
Picture 3.7
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Fairness
Value judgment about actions or decisions
based on test scores
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