Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

SMK TINGGI MELAKA

Sekolah Kluster Kecemerlangan

PROGRAM GOLDEN HOLIDAY

(PGH)
Siri 1/2013
Modul Latihan Topikal
KIMIA
(Kimia Itu Mudah, Insyaallah A)

Panitia Sains
(Kimia)
MELIORA HIC SEQUAMUR
KE ARAH KECEMERLANGAN PENDIDIKAN

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

PAPER 2: STRUCTURE QUESTIONS

SECTION A
1

The table 1 below shows the description and observation for two experiments involving two solutions:
Hydrogen chloride in solvent X
Hydrogen chloride in solvent Y
Experiment

Observation

Description

HCl in solvent X

HCl in solvent Y

Reaction of hydrogen chloride in

solvent X and solvent Y with
calcium carbonate lumps.

Effervescence occurs. A
colourless gas is
liberated.

No change occur

II

Electrolysis of hydrogen chloride in

solvent X and solvent Y

Reading of the ammeter

is 1 A

Reading of the
ammeter is 0 A.

Table 1
(a)

Name a suitable compound for

Solvent X : ..................................................................................................................................
Solvent Y: ....................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(b)

(i)

Which of the solution shows acidic properties?

.........................................................................................................................................

(ii)

What is the role of solvent in (b) (i) that enables the solution to show acidic properties?
..........................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(c)

(i)

Effervescence occurs when hydrogen chloride in solvent X react with calcium

carbonate. Name the gas liberated.
......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii)

Describe a chemical test to identify the gas liberated in (c) (i)

...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks]

(iii)

Write ionic equation for the reaction in (c) (i).

......................................................................................................................... [4 marks]

(d)

Hydrogen chloride in solvent X can conduct electricity but hydrogen chloride in solvent Y cannot
conduct electricity. Explain why.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(e)

-3

Calculate the mass of hydrogen chloride gas, HCl to prepare 100 cm of 0.5 mol dm HCl acid.
[Given that the relative atomic mass of H = 1, Cl = 35.5 , C = 12, O = 16 , Ca = 40 ]

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

[3 marks]
2

Diagram 2 shows series of reactions for the preparation of copper(II) chloride from copper(II)
carbonate.
Step I
Copper(II) carbonate

Solid X

Carbon dioxide gas

Step II
Excess solid X is added to dilute hydrochloric
acid
Solution R
Step III
Copper(II) chloride
Diagram 2
Based on the diagram,
(a) (i) name the solid X
[1 mark]
(ii) suggest how to change copper(II) carbonate to solid X in step I.
[1 mark]
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram to show the apparatus set-up that can be used to produce solid X and
identify gas Y in step I.

[2 marks]
(b) (i) Why is excess of solid X added to the heated dilute hydrochloric acid in step II?

[1 mark]
(ii)Write the chemical equation for the reaction in step II.

[1 mark]
(c) Describe how copper(II) chloride crystals are obtained from solution R in step III.

[3 marks]

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

The diagram 3 shows the formation of lead(II) nitrate and its changes to other compounds.
Lead(II) oxide

+ compound J

Lead(II) nitrate

Brown gas

+ copper(II) chloride solution

Compound Z + copper(II) nitrate

Diagram 3
(a)

(i)

Lead(II) oxide has reacted with compound J to form lead(II) nitrate. Name compound J

(ii)

..............................................................................................................................[1 mark]
Write the chemical equation for the reaction in (a) (i)
...........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]
(b)

(i)

Name the brown gas.

............................................................................................................................[1 mark]

(ii)

(c)

Write the chemical equation for the reaction in (b) (i)

..........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
When copper(II) chloride solution is added to lead(II) nitrate solution, a precipitate Z and
copper(II) nitrate are produced.
(i)

Name the type of reaction that occurs.

(ii)

.............................................................................................................................[1 mark]
Write the ionic equation for the formation of compound Z.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(iii)

State how compound Z is separated from copper(II) nitrate.

...........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(d)

Sodium hydroxide solution is added a little at a time to lead(II) nitrate solution until in excess.
What is the observation?
........................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

10.0 cm of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium iodide is poured to 8 different test tubes. Different volume of 1.0
mol dm-3 lead(II) nitrate are added to each test tube. The height of precipitate formed in each test
tube is measured.
The graph 4 below is obtained when the height of precipitate is plotted against the volume of lead(II)
nitrate solution.
Height of
precipitate/
cm

Volume of lead(II)nitrate / cm3

1 2

(a)

8
Graph 4

Name the precipitate formed.

.......................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(b)

3
3
10 cm of 1.0 mol dm-3 lead(II) nitrate is added to 10 cm of 1.0 mol dm-3
solution. Estimate the height of the precipitate formed.

sodium iodide

......................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c)

(d)

Based on the above graph, what is the volume of lead(II) nitrate needed to completely react
with sodium iodide solution?
.....................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Calculate
(i) the number of moles of sodium iodide in the reaction.
[1 mark]
(ii) the number of moles of lead(II) nitrate that has completely reacted with sodium iodide
solution

[1 mark]
(e)

Write the ionic equation for the formation of the precipitate.

......................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(f)

The concentration of lead(II) nitrate is changed from 1.0 mol dm -3 to 2.0 mol dm-3 . Sketch the
graph obtained on the above graph.

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

[ 1 mark]

PAPER 2 ESSAY
5

(a) Name a soluble salt and an insoluble salt.

Write a chemical equation for the preparation of each type of salt given by you.
[4 marks]
(b) You are given zinc nitrate crystals. Describe how you can perform a chemical test to confirm the
presence of zinc ions and nitrate ions in the zinc nitrate crystals.
[6 marks]
(c) You are required to prepare magnesium nitrate salt from the chemical substances provided below.

Magnesium sulphate solution

Dilute nitric acid
Sodium carbonat solution

Your answer should include all the chemical equations involved in the reactions.
[10 marks]

6 (a)

11.2 g of solid potassium hydroxide, KOH, is dissolved in distilled water to produce a solution of
1000 cm3. The solution produced has the concentration of 11.2 g dm -3 and molarity of x mol dm-3.
(i)

State the meaning of the molarity for the solution produced.

[1 mark]

(ii)

Write the formula that represents the relationship between the number of mole (n), molarity (M)
and volume (V) for the solution.
[1 mark]

(iii)

Find the value of x.

[Relative atomic mass of H=1, O=16, K=39]

[3 marks]

(b) Table 12 shows the results of an experiment to compare the strength of acids.
Acid
Hydrochloric acid of 0.1 mol dm-3

pH value
1

Ethanoic acid of 0.1 mol dm-3

4
Table 12

Explain why the pH values of hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid in Table 12 are different.
[ 5 marks]
(c)

(i)
(ii)

State two preparation method of soluble salts.

Silver chloride is an insoluble salt. With the aid of labelled diagrams, describe how to
prepare silver chloride from silver nitrate.
[10 marks]

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

PAPER 3
7

A student carried out a titration process using hydrochloric acid solution to determine the unknown
concentration of a sodium hydroxide solution. 25 cm 3
of sodium hydroxide solution is poured into a
conical flask. Three drops of phenolphtalein is added to the sodium hydroxide solution. The solution is then
titrated with 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid from a burette. The titration process is carried out until the end
point is obtained. Initial and final burette reading for the three titrations carried out are shown in Diagram 7
below.

Initial
reading

Final reading

Initial
reading

Titration 1

Final reading

Initial
reading

Final reading

Titration 3

Titration 2

Diagram 7
State the colour change in the conical flask at the end point.

(a)

[3 marks]
Based on the Diagram 16 above, complete the table below.

(b)

Number of titrations
Final reading/cm3
Initial reading/cm3
Volume of hydrochloric
acid solution used/cm3

[3 marks]
(c)

What is the average volume of the hydrochloric acid used to neutralise exactly
25 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution?

Titration

[3 marks]
(d)

Based on your answer in (c), determine the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution.

[3 marks]
(e) Predict the volume of the acid used that can neutralise 25 cm 3 of the same sodium
hydroxide solution if the hydrochloric acid solution is being replaced by:
(i)
ethanoic acid 0.1 mol dm-3

(ii)

sulphuric acid 0.1 mol dm-3

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

[3 marks]
Table 8 below shows the data obtained by a student to investigate the relationship between the
concentration of acid with the pH value of hydrochloric acid. The standard concentration of
each solution is 0.1 mol dm3. The solution is then diluted to give solutions with different concentrations.
pH value for each solution is determined with a pH meter and the value recorded.
Concentration / mol dm-3
pH value

0.1
1.0

0.01
0.001
0.0001
0.00001
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
Table 8
(a) Based on the information above, complete the table below.
Name of variables
Action to be taken
(i) Manipulated variable:
(i) The way to manipulate variable:

..

....

................

(ii) Responding variable:

(ii) What to observe in the responding variable:

..

..

(iii) Controlled variable:

(iii) The way to maintain the controlled variable:

....

[6 marks]

(b) State the hypothesis of the experiment.

.........................................................................................................................................................
..
.........................................................................................................................................................
.
[3 marks]
(c) Why does the pH value of hydrochloric acid increase when the concentration decreases?
.
[3 marks]
(d) Why hydrochloric acid solution with the same concentration with ethanoic acid solution has a
lower pH value?
...
..
[3 marks]

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

Sample answer
1

(a) X
Y

water
[organic solvent], example : benzene/ toluene / tetrachloromethane

1
1

(b) (i)
(ii)

HCl in solvent X / water

HCl molecules ionize to produce hydrogen ion / H+

(c) (i)
(ii)
(iii)

Carbon dioxide
Passed the gas through the lime water, the lime water turn chalky
2H+ + CO32- CO2 +
H2O

1
1
1
1

(a) In solvent X / water, hydrogen chloride molecules ionize to produce free moving ions /
H+ and ClIn solvent Y / [organic solvent] hydrogen chloride remains in the form of molecules
/ do not ionize
(e) Number of mol of HCl

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

= MV/1000

= 0.5 x 100
= 0.05
1000
= number of mol x molar mass of HCl
= 0.05 x 36.5
= 1.825 g

Mass of HCl

2 (a)

1
1
1

Copper(II) oxide
Heat strongly // heat

1
1

Copper(II) carbonate
Lime water

Heat
(b)(i)
(ii)
(c)
3(a)
(b)
(c)

(d)

All hydrochloric acid has reacted

CuO + 2HCl CuCl2 + H2O
Heat the solution until saturated, cool the solution , filter and dry with filter paper

(i)
(ii)

Nitric acid (dilute)

PbO + 2HNO3

(i)
(ii)

Nitrogen dioxide
2Pb(NO3)2

Pb(NO3)2

H 2O

2PbO + 4NO2 + O2

1+1

1
1
1+1+1
1
1
1
1

(i)

Precipitation reaction /Double decomposition

(ii)

Pb2+

(ii)

Filter, rinse with distill water

2Cl-

White precipitate
Dissolve in excess of sodium hydroxide

PbCl2

solution

1
1

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

4.(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Lead(II) iodide
5 cm
5 cm3
(i)
(ii)

(e)
(f)

Pb2+

1
1
1

the number of mole of sodium iodide

= 1 x 10.0 // 0.01 mol
1000
the number of mole of lead(II) nitrate
= 1 x 5 // 0.005 mol
1000
+ 2I- PbI2

1
1
1

5
1
2.5

5 (a)

(b)

Soluble salt: copper(II) sulphate

Insoluble salt: barium sulphate
H2SO4
H2SO4

+
+

CuO
CuCO3

BaCl2

Na2SO4

1
2
3
4
5
6

(c)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

1
1

CuSO4 + H2O //
CuSO4 + H2O
BaSO4

CO2

2NaCl

1..4

Zinc nitrate crystals are dissolved in distilled water and the solution is divided into two
portions in two test tubes.
1
For the first portion, ammonia solution is added drop by drop untill in excess.
1
A white precipitate is formed and insoluble in excess ammonia solution.
1
For the second portion, dilute sulphuric acid is added follow by iron(II) sulphate solution.
The mixture is shaken well.
1
Then, concentrated sulphuric acid is added carefully down the side of the test tube. 1
A brown ring is formed.
1..6
Magnesium sulphate solution is added to sodium carbonate solution in a beaker.
The mixture is shaken well/ stirred and a white solid, MgCO 3 is formed.
The white precipitate is filtered out and rinsed with distilled water.
The white precipitate is added to the nitric acid in a beaker until in excess/
some of it no longer dissolve
The excess white precipitate is filter out.
The filtrate is poured into an evaporating dish.
The salt solution is gently heated until saturated.
The hot saturated salt solution is allowed to cool for crystals to form.
The crystals formed are filtered out, washed with a little cold distilled water.
and dried between sheets of filter paper.

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Max 8

10 Chemical equations:
MgSO4
MgCO3

+
+

Na2CO3
2HNO3

MgCO3
+
Na2SO4
Mg(NO3)2 +
H2O

10

+ CO2

1
1..10

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

6(a)

(b)

(i) Number of moles of solute//potassium hydroxide that are present in 1 dm 3 of solution

(ii) n= MV // MV/1000
1
(iii) Relative molecular mass of KOH = 39 + 16 + 1 = 56
Molarity of KOH = 11.2/56
= 0.2 mol dm-3

- Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid whereas ethanoic acid is a weak acid

- Ethanoic acid ionise partially in water to produce a low concentration of hydrogen ions.
- Hydrochloric acid ionise completely in water to produce a high concentration of hydrogen ions.
- The concentration of hydrogen ions in hydrochloric acid is higher than that in ethanoic acid.
- Thus, hydrochloric acid has lower value of pH compared to ethanoic acid

1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1

(c) (i) - Reaction between acid and alkali

- Reaction between acid and metal oxide
- Reaction between acid and reactive metal
- Reaction between acid and metal carbonate
( Any 2 from above)

1
1
1

(ii) - 50 cm3 of 1 mol/dm-3 silver nitrate is measured using a measuring cylinder and poured into a
beaker
- 50 cm3 of 1 mol/dm-3 sodium chloride [any chloride solution] is measured using a measuring
and poured into silver nitrate solution
- The mixture is stirred.
- The mixture is filtered.
- The residue/silver chloride is washed with a little cold distilled water
- and dried between sheets of filter paper.

1
1
1
1
1
1

1+1

11

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

Paper 3
Question
7(a)

Rubric
Pink to colourless
Titration Number
Final reading
Initial reading
Volume of hydrochloric acid used

(b)

(c)

[Steps for calculation]

24.70 cm3

(d)

[Steps for calculation]

0.0988 mol/dm3

(e) (i)

Volume is bigger than 24.70 cm3

(e) (ii)

12.35 cm3

Question
8 (a) (i)

1
24.90
0.10
24.80

2
49.50
24.90
24.60

3
25.70
1.00
24.70

Rubric
Manipulated variable:

Way to manipulate:

Concentration of hydrochloric
acid

Dilute the acid to different concentrations: 0.1

mol dm-3, 0.01 mol dm-3, 0.001 mol dm-3, 0.0001
mol dm-3, dan 0.00001 mol dm-3
What to observe:
The lower the concentration of hydrochloric acid,
the bigger the pH value.
Way to fix the variable
Use the same type of acid in each experiment

Responding variable
pH value
Fixed variable:
Type of acid

8(a) (ii)

The higher the concentration of acid, the lower the pH value.

(b)

The concentration of the hydrogen ions, H+ in the acid decreases

(c)

Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, that will ionise completely in water to give high concentration
of H+ ions.
Ethanoic acid is a weak acid, ionise partially in water to low concentration of H + ions.

12

Modul Latihan KIMIA (Kimia Itu Mudah, Inshaalah A)

13