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6.1 PILE CAP FOR 3 PILE GROUP(3PC1)

These pile caps provided at three locations in north west of the platform columns. The staad reactions from the steel structure
received from IEC and the reactions are converted into forces on foundations with respect to design sheet access as given below.
Reactions have been attached in Appendix-A for reference.

A) Pile Cap Details & Load Calculations

Pile Cap Details
Size of pile cap

Length
Width

Lx =
Lx1 =
Lz =

1.850

0.750

2.000

Lz1 =

0.750

Depth of the pile cap

Hpc =

Height of soil below HPP

h1

1.50 m

100 - 99
1.000 m

Height

Hp =

Length

lx

1.300 m
0.75 m

Width

lz

=
=

0.75 m
0.80 m

Pedestal Details
Size of Column/Pedestal

Centre of the pedestal from to top edge of pile cap

400

1200

400

Design Sheet Axis

750

P1

P2

400
650

1850

C.L of Fdn
Z
P3

400

Staad Model Axis

400

750
C.L of Fdn
2000
(U/S of base plate)

EL

100.300

EL

100.000

H.P.P
750x750
EL

99.000

EL

97.500

1500

H =2.80

40 thk Grout

As the column centre line is located in line with the centre of the piles P1 & P2 and placed in between the piles. So,
considered the pile cap acting like a two pile cap with pile P1 & P2 tied with the another pile P3.
Based on the above assumption, super structure loads i.e., vertical load(Fy), horizontal loads in z-direction(Fz) and respective
moment(Mx) are transferred through piles P1 & P2 and remaining loads horizontal loads in x-direction(Fx) and respective
moment(Mz) are transferred through piles P1, P2 & P3.

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Pile Details
S.No
1
2
3

Pile No.
P1
P2
P3

z
m
0.400
1.600
1.000
3.000

REV.

DATE

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x
m
0.400
0.400
1.450
2.250

Total number of piles

Number of piles in line with column in Z-direction
C.G of the pile group xg

n=
n1 =

C.G of the pile group zg

3
2

(x )/n

0.750

=
=

(z )/n =
x1 - x3
1.050 m
z1 - z2
1.200 m

1.000

Lever arm between the piles about Z axis

Zzz

Section Modulus of Pile group about X axis

Zxx =

Self Weight of Foundation

Area of pile cap

Area of Pedestal

Area of soil above the pile cap

Weight of the pile cap

Weight of the Pedestal

Weight of the soil above the pile cap

Consider Surcharge Load =

10 kN/m2

Total weight of foundation excluding surcharge weight

Total weight of foundation including surcharge weight.

Apc =
=
=
Apd =
=
=
As =
=
=
W pc =
=
=
W pd =
=
=
Ws =
=
=
W sur =

Lz*Lx1+0.5*(Lz+Lz1)*(Lx-Lx1)
2*0.75+0.5*(2+0.75)*(1.85-0.75)
3.01 m2
lz * lx
0.75*0.75
0.56 m2
Apc -Apd
3.01-0.5625
2.45 m2
Apc*Hpc*c
(3.01*1.5*24)
108.45 kN
Apd*Hp*c
(0.56*1.3*24)
17.55 kN
As*h1*s
(2.45*1*18)
44.10 kN
10*As

=
=

10*2.45
24.50 kN

W pc+W s+W pd

=
=

108.45+44.1+17.55
170.1 kN

W pc+W s+W pd+W sur

=
=

108.45+44.1+17.55+24.5
194.6 kN

Eccentricity of the Pile Cap

C.G of the pile cap weight from top edge of pile cap
in X-direction

(Lz*Lx1*Lx1/2+0.5*(Lz+Lz1)*(Lx-Lx1)*(Lx1+1/3*((2*Lz1+Lz)/
(Lz+Lz1)))/ (Lz*Lx1*Lx1/2+0.5*(Lz+Lz1)*(Lx-Lx1))

(2 0.75 0.75/2+0.5 (2+0.75) (1.85

= 0.75)*(0.75+1/3*(2*0.75+2)/ (2+0.75)))/
(2*0.75+0.5*(2+0.75)*(1.85-0.75))
m
=
0.776

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Load Calculations

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C.G of the pile group and the pile cap are closer to each other. So, consider the 50% of the dead weight due to self weight of
the pile cap and soil weight transferring through pile P3 and remaining 50% equally shared by piles P1 and P2.
Pile-P1 Pile-P2 Pile-P3
Foundation dead weight on piles * -170.1*0.25
= Without Surcharge Load(Fd) 42.53*
42.53 85.05
With Surcharge Load(Fsd)
** -194.6*0.25
48.65** 48.65 97.3

Each support is checked for all the unfactored load combinations and only critical load cases are summarised.
a) Loads at the top of pedestal
STAAD
S.No
Load comb
NodeNo.
1
2
3
4

603
629
603
649

FX
kN
62.00
60.50
82.27
0.50

1300
1300
1200
1400

FY
kN

FZ
kN
-62.00
-60.60
-1.00
-82.00

1032.70
-866.00
723.00
-561.50

MX
kNm

MY
kNm

MZ
kNm

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Max.Vertical
Min.Vertical
Max.Hor
Min.Hor

b) Loads at the bottom of pile cap(Except Dead Weight of Foundation)

MXB = MX + FZ * H
FXB = FX
FYB = FY

MZB = MZ - FX * H

FZB = FZ
S.No

STAAD
NodeNo.

Load comb

FXB

FYB

FZB

MXB

MYB

MZB

kN

kN

kN

kNm

kNm

kNm

603

1300

62.00

1032.70

-62.00

-173.60

0.00

-173.60

629

1300

60.50

-866.00

-60.60

-169.68

0.00

-169.40

603

1200

723.00

0.00

-230.36

649

1400

-1.00
-82.00

-2.80

82.27
0.50

-229.60

0.00

-1.40

-561.50

B) Analysis of Pile Group

a) Check for compression capacity of the pile
Maximum compression load on the Pile
Node No. 603 , L.C
Max compressive load, P1

110
= FYB/n1 + Fsd - MXB/Zxx - MZB/(Zzz*n1)
= CHECK N.No. & L.C
= CHECK kN

P2

= FYB/n1 + Fsd + MXB/Zxx - MZB/(Zzz*n1)

= CHECK N.No. & L.C
= ECK N.No. & kN

P3

Fsd - MZB/(Zzz)

= CHECK N.No. & L.C

= CHECK kN
Pile Loads (kN)
P2
P3

Pmax

Pmax,allow

kN

kN

S.No

STAAD
NodeNo.

Load comb

603

1300

792.34

503

262.64

792.3

870.0

Safe!

2
3
4

629
603
649

1300
1200
1400

-162.29
522.18
-40.1

-445.09
517.52
-422.77

258.64
316.7
98.64

258.6
522.2

870.0
870.0

Safe!
Safe!

98.6

870.0

Safe!

P1

The Pile capacity increased by 25%, as the critical loads are combination of the wind loads

Check

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b) Check for tension capacity of the pile

Minimum load on the Pile
12
, L.C
Node No.
Min compressive load, P1

110
= FYB/n1 + Fd - MXB/Zxx - MZB/(Zzz*n1)
= CHECK N.No. & L.C
= ECK N.No. & kN
= FYB/n1 + Fd + MXB/Zxx - MZB/(Zzz*n1)

P2

= CHECK N.No. & L.C

= ECK N.No. & kN
P3

Fd + MZB/(Zzz)

= CHECK N.No. & L.C

= CHECK kN

S.No
1
2
3

STAAD
NodeNo.

Load comb

603
629
603

1300
1300
1200

Pmin

Pmin,allow

P1

P2

P3

kN

kN

786.22
-168.41
516.06

496.88
-451.21
511.4

-80.29
-76.29
-134.35

-80.3
-451.2

-450.0
-450.0

Safe!
Unsafe!

-134.4

-450.0

Safe!

Pile Loads (kN)

Check

Safe!
-428.9
-450.0
4
649
1400
-46.22
-428.89
83.72
The Pile capacity increased by 25%, as the critical loads are combination of the wind loads
The tension capacity of the piles at node 12 need to increase by increasing the length of the reinforcement in the pile.
c) Check for shear capacity of the pile
Resultant Horizontal Force
12
, L.C
Node No.
Min compressive load, P1

127
= Sqrt((Fx/n)^2 + (Fz /n1)^2)
= CHECK N.No. & L.C
= CHECK kN

P2

= Sqrt((Fx/n)^2 + (Fz /n1)^2)

= CHECK N.No. & L.C
= CHECK kN

P3

= Fx/n
= CHECK N.No. & L.C
= CHECK kN

STAAD
NodeNo.

Load comb

1
2

603
629

603

S.No

Pile Loads (kN)

Hmax

Hmax,allow

Check

1300
1300

P1
37.26
36.4

P2
37.26
36.4

P3
20.67
20.17

kN
37.3

kN
87.0

36.4

87.0

Safe!

1200

27.43

27.43

27.43

27.4

87.0

Safe!

The Pile capacity increased by 25%, as the critical loads are combination of the wind loads

Safe!