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GlobalEconomics
Volkswagen:GettingtheBugsOut
ByGailEdmondsonMarch09,2007
Afterfouryearsofrestructuring,theGermanautomakerisoptimisticaboutchallengingToyotausingbrandaccountabilityandcentralization
Volkswagen(VLKAY)ChiefExecutiveMartinWinterkornpresentedanupbeatforecastforEurope'slargestautomakerMar.9thatdepartedsharply
fromtheblackmoodanddirewarningsoflostcompetitivenessayearagobyformerCEOBerndPischetsrieder.
AssunlightstreamedthoughtheglassandsteelcustomercenteratVW'sheadquartersinWolfsburg,Germany,formerAudichiefWinterkornandhis
newteamexudedoptimismabouttransformingtheGermanautomakerintoaworldleadingcarcompanythatcandeliverstrongprofitsandchallenge
marketleaderToyota(TM)onqualityandinnovation."WewillbringtheVolkswagengrouptoanewandhigherlevel,"saidWinterkorn,who
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replacedPischetsriederasCEOonJan.1.
FouryearsofrestructuringeffortsbyVW'spreviousmanagementhelpedkickstartasolidturnaroundinperformancelastyear,boostingnetprofitto
$3.7billionfromameager$1.4billionin2005.VW'sgrouprevenuesrose11.6%lastyearto$137billion,poweredbya9.4%jumpinglobalsales.In
WesternEurope,VW'smarketsalesgainednearlyafullpointto20.3%andglobalmarketshareedgedupto9.7%from9.1%ayearearlier.
LossesinU.S.Market
Theworld'sfourthlargestautomakerwillmeetitstargeted$6.72billionpretaxprofitin2008,ChiefFinancialOfficerHansDieterPtschsaid,
despiteapunishingdollareuroexchangerateandrisingmaterialcosts.
Buthighlaborcosts,laggingproductivity,andlossesintheU.S.marketstillweighonprofits.Despitea6.5%increaseinNorthAmericanrevenues,
VWlost$795millionintheregionlastyear,downfrom$1.1billionin2005.Volkswagenislikelytolosemoneythrough2008,MorganStanley
(MS)analystAdamJonasnotedinrecentreport."FixingtheU.S.isourNo.1priority,"saidoneVolkswagenboardmember.Theoperatingmargin
forVW'sautomotivedivisionin2006wasascant1.2%,comparedwiththe5.2%itearnedin2002.
Volkswagen'sproductstrategyalsohasbecomeblurredfollowingabidtomoveupmarketinthelate1990sandtochallengeMercedeswiththe
approximately$80,000Phaetonluxurysedan.ThePhaetonhassoldpoorlyandcontributedtoVW'slosses.Lastyearmanagementpulledthemodel
fromtheU.S.market.
BetterBestPractices
Overthelast18monthsVolkswagenhasrefocusedonsmallermassmarketvehiclessuchastheFoxmini,butthecompany'smarketstrategyremains
fuzzyanditsmassmarketbrandssuchasSkodaandSEAToverlapwiththeVWbrand.WinterkornsaidheaimstohonetheVolkswagenbrand
imageasamidmarketinnovatorthatdeliverssolidvalueforthemoneyandtopquality.ThesecornerstonesofVW'simagealloweditinthepastto
commandahandypricepremiumovercomparablemodelsfromrivals.
RestoringstrongerpricingtoVW'smodelswillbeoneofWinterkorn'stoughestchallenges.Qualityhasbeenrisingatallautomakersoverthepast
decadeasbestpracticemanufacturingtechniquesandprocessesbecomestandardizedaroundtheworld.Jumpingtothetopofthereliabilitycharts
nowrequiresnotonlycuttingedgepracticesbutflawlessmanagementexecution.PorschenowplacesatthetopofJ.D.Power&Associate'srankings,
butonlyafteradecadeofimplementingToyota'stotalqualitymanagementprinciplesandinvestinginextensivetraining.
VW,ontheotherhand,hasalongwaytotravel.InJ.D.Power's2006U.S.initialqualitysurvey,theGermanautomakerrankedthirdfromthebottom,
with171problemsper100vehicles,farworsethantheindustryaverage.Inthereliabilitystudy,whichtestscarsthatarethreeyearsold,VWhardly
faredbetter,rankingsixthfromthebottomand,again,sharplybelowtheindustryaverage.
NoMoreFreeRides
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VWboardmemberandPorscheCEOWendelinWiedekingsaysaToyotalikeapproachtocontinualimprovementinprocessesandmanufacturing
willbeintroducedatVW,buttheGermanautomakerisoneofthelasttointroducesuchchange.Porschetookacontrolling27.4%stakein
Volkswagenlastyear.
Trimmingcostswon'tbeeasy.FormerCEOPischetsriederandformerVWbrandmanagerWolfgangBernhardbothofwhomsteppeddownJan.1
alreadyhadwhackedawayatmuchoftheexcessstaffingandrootedoutobviousinefficiencies.LastyearPischetsriederwonanagreementwith
labortocut20,000jobsthroughvoluntarybuyoutsandtoextendVW'seasygoing28hourworkweekto35hours.
Lastyear,7,000workerstookthevoluntarypackage.AndVWalreadysourcessome$1billionayearinpartsfromChina.Tofindadditionalgains,
WinterkornandhisteamwillhavetotransformVWintoahighperformancemachine.
Onewaytoaccomplishthatistoboostaccountability.Tothatend,WinterkornsaidVolkswagenwillbecomemoretransparentbybreakingoutthe
performanceofeachofitsindividualbrandsstartingin2007.Untilnow,thesevenbrandswerereportedaspartoftwogroups,theVWgroupandthe
Audigroup.Thatstructurealreadyhasbeendissolved.Theaimistoachieveareturnoninvestmentintheautomotivebusinessofatleast9%inthe
mediumterm,upfrom5.8%lastyear.
CentralizingR&D
Inresearchanddevelopment,VWusedtoduplicateeffortsacrossitstwobrandgroups.Now,Winterkorn'shandpickedteamofformerAudi
managersisoverhaulingVW'sapproachandcentralizingR&D.OneteamwillcreateabasketofcomponentsandmodulesthatVW'sdifferentbrand
chiefscanthenchoosefromindesigningnewmodelseliminatingcostlyredundancy.
WinterkornalsomustmakesureVolkswagen'sfuturemodelshavemoredesignpizzazz,sincerivalssuchasOpel(GM),Ford(F),andToyotahave
boostedtheirbrandimageandmarketsharewitheyecatchingdesign.HyundaihiredformerAudidesignerPeterSchreyertomakesuretheKorean
automaker'sEuropeanmodelsturnheadsandlurebuyers.Bycontrast,thefifthgenerationGolf,launchedin2004,wasroundlycriticizedasboring.
Tosolvetheproblem,WinterkornhastakenformerAudichiefdesignerWalterMariade'SilvawithhimtoWolfsburgaschiefdesignerfortheVW
group.Winterkornalsohastweakedupcoming2007modelstomakethemmoreattractive.Andde'Silvaistoilingintensivelyonthenextgeneration
Golfscheduledfor2008."Wewant[Volkswagen]tobecomemoreglamorousandhaveasharperprofile,"saysWinterkorn.Andmaybeputthe
difficultpastafewyearsbehindit.
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