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Stria of Retzius
During development of enamel,
variations in the metabolism of
the organism cause variations in
the amount of organic material
deposited in the enamel. This
causes changes in the coloration
of the enamel that is layed down
at that time so that alternating
dark (higher organic material)
and light (less organic material)
banding occurs. These bands are
called Stria of Retzius. The stria
of retzius usually intercept the
dentino-enamel junction.
Legend: A, Stria of Retzius; B, DEJ
Neonatal line
The neonatal line is a dark stria
of Retzius that occurs at the time
of birth. It is due to the stress of
birth. The neonatal line is usually
the darkest and thickest stria of
Retzius. The enamel at the cusp
of the tooth generally exhibits a
wavy pattern. This enamel is
called gnarled enamel. This is
NOT hypo-mineralized. The
enamel rods are layed down in
this pattern by ameloblasts to
make the enamel strong in this
region.
Legend: A, Gnarled enamel; B,
Neonatal line; C, Dentin; D, DEJ
Gnarled enamel
Enamel rods are general not
straight throughout their
length.
In the cuspal region, the rods
are very wavy.
This is referred to as gnarled
enamel.
In this section, you can see
the end of an odontoblastic
process penetrating the
enamel just past the DEJ.
This structure is called an
enamel spindle.
Legend: A, Gnarled
enamel; B, Enamel spindle
Cross-striations
Each enamel rod demonstates closely
positioned striations along its length
known as cross-striations or
incremental lines.
These are thought to be formed by the
daily rhythm of the ameloblast laying
down more and less mineralized
enamel.
The striations are approximately 5 m
apart. This distance represents one day
of enamel deposition. In this
micrograph rods project in the
direction of the arrow.
Can you see the striations on each
rod?They are oriented perpendicular to
the length of the rod.
Note: Not the large dark bands
projecting diagonally; these are stria of
Retzius.
Enamel cut
In enamel cut in perfect
cross-section the shape of
the enamel rod exhibits a
"keyhole"-shaped pattern.
However, in a normal crosssection of enamel, as seen
here, most rods are cut
obliquely.
This is because they do not
travel in a straight line.
The micrograph on the left
is produced by differential
interference microscopy
while the micrograph on the
right is from transmitted
light microscopy.
Hunter-Schreger bands
Hunter Schreger bands are
seen here with special
illumination in longitudinal
ground sections of enamel
as light and dark bands.
The red arrows indicate
three light bands.
Enamel tufts
Enamel tufts are less
mineralized areas of enamel
in the inner third of enamel
adjacent to the DEJ. They
resemble tufts of grass.
They are wavy due to the
waviness of the adjacent
rods.
Structures rich in organic
matter (i.e. less mineralized)
that project to the surface
of the enamel are enamel
lamellae.
Enamel lamellae
In this ground crosssection of tooth, you can
see enamel lamellae and
enamel tufts You can also
see the neonatal line.
What do all three of
these structures have in
common?
Answer: They are all
hypocalcified.
Decalcified tooth
In a decalcified
section of tooth,
only the organic
material is left
behind.
In this micrograph
you can see an
enamel lamella
and enamel tufts.
Legend: A, Enamel lamella; B, Enamel tuft
Odontoblast process
Odontoblast processes
usually end at the DEJ.
However, sometimes the
ends of the process
become embedded in
the enamel as it forms.
These very small, usually
straight structures that
you can see adjacent to
the DEJ are enamel
spindles.
They are only about one
tenth the length of an
enamel tuft.
Enamel spindles
In this high
magnification of the
DEJ you can clearly
see the bifurcation
of the ends of some
of the odontoblast
processes as well as
enamel spindles.
Legend: A, Enamel spindle; B, Odontoblast process;
C, Enamel rod
Good
Luck
All
Done by: Bedour Al-Arfaj.
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