NAMA : M.E. TRIPENSUS H.

NIM

BAHAN BAKAR DAN

: 5133122018

PELUMASAN

PRODI : 2013

1. How many kmole of air are needed to burn 1 kmol of carbon?

Jawab: Pembakaran sempurna: C + O2 1 CO2
1 kmole O2 memerlukan CO2 . karna udara memiliki kandungan 21 % O2, ini
berarti bahwa didalam melakukan pembakaran Carbon diperlukan udara (O 2)
sebanyak 4,76 kmol.
2. Calculate the theoretical air-fuel ratio on a mass and mole basis for the combustion of
ethanol, C2H5OH ?
: C2H5OH + VO2(O2 + 3.76N2) aCO2+ bH2O + cN2

Jawab: Reaksi

b=3

Penyetaraan

: 2 = a Balance H: 6 = 2b

Penyetaraan

: 1 + 2VO2 = 2a + b = 4 + 3 = 7

(udara/bahan bakar) mol

VO2 = 3

= VO2(1 + 3.76)/1
= 3 4.76
= 14.28

(udara/bahan bakar) massa

= (VO2MO2 + VN2 MN2)/MFuel

= (331.999 + 11.2828.013)/46.069
= 8.943

3. A certain fuel oil has the composition C10H22. If this fuel is burned with 150% theoretical
air, what is the composition of the products of combustion?
Jawab: C10H22 + (1/) VO2 (O2 + 3.76 N2) a H2O + b CO2 + c N2 + d O2
Pembakaran sempurna

: = 1,

d = 0,

C disetarakan

: b = 10

H disetarakan

: a = 22/2 = 11

O disetarakan

: 2 VO2 = a + 2b = 11 + 20 = 31
: => VO2 = 15.5

Keadaan sebenarnya : 1/ = 1.5 => VO2 = 1.5 15.5 = 23.25

H disetarakan

: a = 11,

C disetarakan

: b = 10,

N disetarakan

: c = 23.25 3.76 = 87.42

O2 disetarakan

: d = 23.25 - 10 - 11/2 = 7.75 (kelebihan oksigen)

4. Methane is burned with 200% theoretical air. Find the composition and the dew point of
the products?
Jawab: Persamaan reaksi untuk campuran stokiometri adalah :
CH4 + VO2 (O2 + 3.76 N2)

a H2O + b CO2 + c N2

C disetarakan

:1=b

H disetarakan

: 4 = 2a

O disetarakan

: 2 VO2 = a + 2b = 2 + 2 1 => VO2 = 2

N2 disetarakan

: 3.76 VO2 = c = 7.52

200% theoretical air: VO2 = 2 2 = 4 so now more O2 and N2

CH4 + VO2 (O2 + 3.76 N2)

a H2O + b CO2 + c N2 + d O2

N2 disetarakan

: 3.76 VO2 = c = 15.04

Ekstra oksigen

:d=41-1=2

Produk

: 2 H2O + 1 CO2 + 15.04 N2 + 2 O2

y v=

2
=0,0998
1+2+2+15,04

Fraksi mol uap air

Parsial tekanan uap air

: Pv

= yv Po = 0.0998 101 = 9.98 kPa Pg(Tdew)

Pv

= 9.98 kPa

Tdew = 45.8oC

5. Ethane (C2H6) is burned with 20 percent excess air during a combustion process.
Determine (a) the air-fuel ratio on mole and massbasis and (b) the product composition?

6. If I burn 1 kmol of hydrogen H2 with 6 kmol air what is A/F ratio on a mole basis and
what is the percent theoretical air?
Jawab: Combustion Eq. stoichiometric:
H2 + VO2(O2 + 3.76 N2)
VO2

1 H2O + 3.76 VO2 N2

= 0.5 ; (A/F)S
= VO2 (1 + 3.76) / 1
= 2.38

6 kmol dari udara adalah : 1.26 O2 + 4.74 N2 .

A/F ratio mol adalah 6, sehingga persen udara teoritis adalah
% teoritis udara

( A / F) ac
( A /F ) S

x 100

6
X 100=252
2,38

7. Acetylene (C2H2) is burned withstoichiometric amount of air during a combustion

process. Asumming complate combustion, determine (a) the air- fuel ratio on a mass and
on a mole basis and (b) composition of product gas ?
Jawab : Pembakaran sempurna C2H2 yaitu :
C2 H 2+ a ( O2+ 3,76 N 2 ) 2CO 2 + H 2 O+3,76 a N 2

O2 disetarakan : a=2+0,5=2,5
Substitusikan:
C2H2 + 2,5 (O2 + 3,76N2)

2CO2 + H2O + 9,4N2

a. AF =

M (air)
M (fuel)

air / kg fuel
AF mole basis=

b.

( 2,5 X 4,76 kmol ) (29

=

( 2 mol )

kg
)
kmol

( 12kmolkg )+( 1 kmol) (2 kg /kmol)

= 13,3 kg

N air (2,5 x 4,76)kmol

air
=
=11,9 kmol
fuel
N fuel
1 kmol fuel
kmol

8. Octane (C8H18) is burned with 250 percent theoritical air, which enters the combustions
chamber at 250C. Asumming complate combustion and a total presure of 1
atm,determine (a) the air-fuel ratio on mole and mass basis, (b) the ER and (c) the
product composition?
Jawab: C8H18+2,5ath[O2+3,76N2]

8CO2+9H2O+1,5athO2+(2,5x3,76)athN2
O2 disetarakan
: 2,5ath = 8+4,5+1,5ath

ath= 12,5
Disubstitusikan :
C8H18+31,25[O2+3,76 N2]
AF=

8 CO2+9 H2O+18,75 O2+117,5 N2

mair
( 31,25 X 4,76 kmol ) (29 kg/mol)
air
=
=37,8 k g
fuel
mfuel ( 8 kmol ) ( 12kg /mol ) + ( 9 mol ) (2 kg /kmol)
kg

N
Nv

Pv =

(b)

Tdp=Tsat 5,951 kPa=36,0 C

(c)

9. Propane (C3H8) is burned with 75 percent excess airduring a combustion process.

Assuming complate combustion, determine (a) the air-fuel ratio on mole and mass basis,
(b) the ER and (c) the product composition?
Jawab: C3H8+1,75ath [O2+3,76 N2] 3 CO2 + 4 H2O + 0,75ath O2 + (1,75X3,76)ath N2
O2 disetarakan : 1,75ath = 3 + 2 + 0,75ath ath = 5
Disubstitusikan: C3H8+8,75 [O2 + 3,76 N2] 3 CO2 + 4 H2 O + 3,75 O2 + 32,9
N2
AF =

mair
=
mfuel

( 8,76 x 4,76 kmol ) (29 kg/mol)

air
=27,5 kg
fuel
kg
kg
( 3 kmol ) 12
+ ( 4 kmol )(2 kg/kmol)
mol

10.

One kmol of ethane (C2H6) is burned with an unknown amount of air during a

combustion process. An analytsis of the combustion products reveals that the

combustion is coplate, and there are 3 kmol of free O 2 in the products. Determine (a)
the air-fuel ratio and (b) the percentage of theoritical air used during this process?