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AVULSED TOOTH
Seema Raina
Abstract
Injuries to childs teeth can be very distressing for children as well as their parents.
The peak period for trauma to the primary teeth is 18 to 40 months of age, because this is a
time of increased mobility for the relatively uncoordinated toddler. Injuries to primary teeth
usually result from falls and collisions as the child learns to walk and run.1
With the permanent teeth: school-aged boys suffer trauma almost twice as frequently as girls.
Complete extra articulation of the tooth
from the socket is called as avulsion.
In this article the various causes of trauma and treatment modalities of the avulsed tooth have
been discussed.
Introduction
Injuries to childs teeth can be very distressing
for children as well as their parents. Dental
trauma may occur as a result of a sports mishap,
an altercation, a fall inside of the home, or other
causes. The peak period for trauma to the
primary teeth is 18 to 40 months of age, because
this is a time of increased mobility for the
relatively uncoordinated toddler. Injuries to
primary teeth usually result from falls and
collisions as the child learns to walk and
run.1With the permanent teeth: school-aged boys
suffer trauma almost twice as frequently as girls.
Sports accidents and fights are the most common
cause of dental trauma in teenagers. The upper
(maxillary) central incisors are the most
commonly injured teeth. Maxillary teeth
protruding more than 4 mm are two to three
times as likely to suffer dental trauma than
normally aligned teeth.Prompt treatment is
essential for the long-term health of an injured
tooth. Obtaining dental care within 30 minutes
can make the difference between saving or
loosing a tooth. 1,2
Associate Professor ,
Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry,
Dr.D.Y.Patil Dental College and Hospital Nerul,
Navi Mumbai.
Scientific Journal
Dental Avulsion
Complete extra articulation of the tooth from
the socket is called as avulsion.
Dental Office Treatment For An Avulsed Tooth
I. Primary Tooth
The primary avulsed tooth is generally not
reimplanted to avoid injury to the developing
permanent tooth bud.
II.Permanent Tooth Reimplantation Guidelines
1. For A Mature Tooth With A Closed Apex: If
the extraoral dry time is <60 minutes,
reimplantation is as soon as possible. If the
extraoral dry time is >60 minutes, soak in citric
acid or curette the root; then soak in stannous
fluoride for 10 minutes. Rinse with saline.
Perform root canal therapy one week following
the trauma.
2. For An Immature Tooth With An Open Apex:
If the extraoral dry time is <60 minutes, soak in
doxycycline (1mg/20 ml saline) for 5 minutes. If
the extraoral dry time is >60 minutes, provide
the same treatment as for a closed apex.
3. Apply a flexible, functional splint for 7 to 10
days. If an alveolar fracture is present, provide a
very rigid splint for 4-6 weeks.
4. After reimplantation, gently compress the
facial and lingual bony plates. Suture any
lacerations.
5. Provide antibiotic coverage for 10 days to
prevent
infection.
Consider
prescribing
Scientific Journal
Conclusion
Although traumatic injuries are very common
and distressing for children, it is the prompt
treatment that is essential for the long term
health of an injured tooth. Obtaining dental
treatment within 30 minutes can make a
difference between saving or losing a tooth.
References
1. Bourguignon C, Sigurdsson A.Preventive
strategies for traumatic dental injuries.
Endodontics and Dental Traumatology Clinic.
2. Anderson and Anderson .traumatic dntal
injuries and managment
3. Qin M.Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi.
2009 Jun;27(3):237-40. Chinese. PMID:
19637466.
4. Factors associated with traumatic dental
injuries among 12-year-old schoolchildren in
South India.
David J, Astrm AN, Wang NJ.Dent Traumatol.
2009 Oct;25(5):500-5. Epub 2009 Jul 9.PMID:
19614932
5. Customized mandibular orthotics in the
prevention of concussion/mild traumatic brain
injury in football players: a preliminary
study.Singh GD, Maher GJ, Padilla RR. Dent
Traumatol. 2009 Oct;25(5):515-21. Epub 2009
Jul 9.PMID: 19614931
6. Traumatic injuries of the permanent maxillory
incisors at Dental Department, Pakistan Institute
of Medical Sciences Islamabad: a retrospective
study.Khan NA, Qazi HS, Maxood A, Khan
AM, Abbas I.J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad.
2008 Jul-Sep;20(3):84-7.PMID: 19610526