Annexure I

Detailed Course Structure

MODULE I- PRINCIPLES OF LEGISLATION
Units

1.1 Process of legislation and its types

1.2 Individualism, philosophy and Enlightenment tradition

1.3 Utilitarianism, philosophy, criticism, relevance trends

1.4 The theory of justice-John Rawls

MODULE II- CONCEPT AND IMPORTANCE OF INTERPRETATION

Units
1.1What is a statute? Typologies and parts of a statute
1.2 How to read the letter of the law?
1.3What is ambiguity in law? Types of ambiguities.
1.4Hermeneutics of law- Contemporaneous application of the Mimansa Rules of interpretation

MODULE III- LITERAL AND PURPOSIVE INTERPRETATION

Units
1.1 Meaning and application of the Literal Rule- Ordinary and natural meaning, application of rules
of grammar.
1.2 Purposive Construction

Absurdity, inconsistency and redundancy in the meaning of law- Application of the Golden
Rule

Analysis of the Heydons Case and application of the Mischief Rule

Rule of Harmonious Construction

MODULE IV- IMPORTANT PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION

Units
1.1 How to gather the Intention of the legislature?
1.2 Reading the statute as a whole
Contextual integration,

Integrating the different parts of the statute

1.3 Technical meaning of words

MODULE V- APPLICATION OF IMPORTANT MAXIMS IN CONSTRUCTION

Units
1.1 Ut res magis valeat quam pareat
1.2 Expressio unis est exclusio alterius
1.3 Noscitur a sociis
1.4 Ejusdem generis
1.5 Generalia specialibus non derogant
1.6 Reddendo Singula Singulis

MODULE VI- CONSIDERATION OF VARIOUS IMPORTANT PRESUMPTIONS IN

INTERPRETATION
Units
1.1 Territorial Nexus principle
1.2 Casus Omissus- jus dare vs.jus dicere
1.3 Presumption of Mens rea in criminal act and ruling out of mens rea
1.4 Presumption against redundancy-Legislature does not intend to alter the existing law.

MODULE VII- VALUE OF INTERNAL AIDS IN INTERPRETATION

Units
1.1 Preamble

1.2 Title and Heading

1.3 Marginal Notes
1.4 Provisos and saving clauses
1.5 Illustrations and Explanations
1.6 Punctuations and Brackets

MODULE VIII- IMPORTANCE OF VARIOUS EXTERNAL AIDS IN

INTERPRETATION
Units
1.1 Dictionaries
1.2 Travaux Preparatories and parliamentary history
1.3 Earlier Acts and later Acts
1.4 Statutes in pari materia
1.5 Contemporanea Expositio

MODULE IX- APPLICATION OF STRICT AND BENEFICIAL RULES IN THE

CONSTRUCTION OF SPECIFIC STATUTES
Units
1.1 Meaning of Strict interpretation and its application in the interpretation of

Penal Statutes

Taxing Statutes

1.2 Meaning of Beneficial rule and its application in the interpretation of beneficial statutes
1.3 Interpretation of the Constitution

Presumption of Constitutionality

Doctrine of pith and substance

Colourable legislation
Doctrine of Eclipse

MODULE X- GENERAL CLAUSES ACT

Units

1.1 Definitions, Commencement

1.2 Operation and computation of time
1.3 Repeal
1.4 Provisions applicable to making rules or by laws of previous publications
1.5 Provisions to offences punishable under two or more enactments
1.6 Meaning of service by post.

Annexure II

Day to Day Schedule

Lecture
No.

Module

MODULE I- PRI
NICIPLES OF
LEGISLATIONS

Units

1.1 Process of
legislation and
its types
1.2 Individualism,

philosophy and
Enlightenment
tradition
1.3 Utilitarianism,
philosophy,
criticism,
relevance trends
1.4 The theory of
justice-John
Rawls

References (Cases* and

Books)
1. U.Baxi, Introduction to
Justice K.K.Mathew's,
Democracy Equality and
Freedom (1978) Eastern,
Lucknow
2. Benthams Theory of
Legislation by Upendra Baxi
LexisNexis Butterworths 7th
Edition (2006).
3. N.K. Chakrabarti- Principles
of Legislation and Legislative
Drafting, 2nd Ed., R.Cambray
Pvt Ltd, 2010

4.

5.

6.

7.

The Least Examined

Branch-The Role of
Legislatures in the
Constitutional State,Edited
by Richard W. Bauman,
Tsvi Kahana, Cambridge
University Press, 2006
Bentham, Introduction to
the Principles of Morals and
Legislations, Universal Law
Publishing Co. Pvt.
Ltd,2006
Ian Shapiro, The Moral
Foundations of Politics,
Aakar Books for South
Asia, 2004.
Andrew Heywood, Political
Theory, Palgrave
Macmillan, 2012
http://www2.econ.iastate.ed

u/classes/econ362/hallam/R
eadings/Rawl_Justice.pdf
8. John Rawls, A Theory of
Justice, Universal Law
Publishing Co. Pvt.
Ltd,2013
9. Brian H. Bix, Jurisprudence,
Theory and Context, Sweet
& Maxwell Thomson
Reuters, 2012
10. Amartya Sen, The Idea of
Justice, Penguin Groups,
2009.
11. Philip S Bishop, Three
Theories of Individualism,
Graduate Theses, University
of South Florida 2007.
12. Tibor R Machan, Classical
Individualism,Routledge
Studies in Social and
Political Thought.
13. Daphna Oyserman, Heather
M. Coon, and Markus
Kemmelmeier, Rethinking
Individualism, Psychological
Bulletin, Vol 128 No. 1,3-72,
University of Michigan
14. Glanville Williams, A
Commentary on R v. Dudley
and Stephens, Hein Online,
Citation 8 Cambrian L Rev. 94
1977
15. Kaushali Dave, Is Cost Benefit
Analysis Alone a Good Tool
to Evaluate Environmental
Impacts? A Comparison
of Submerged Forest and
Compensatory Plantations
from the Sardar Sarovar Dam
Institute for Transport Studies,
University of Leeds

MODULE IICONCEPT AND

IMPORTANCE OF

1.1 What is a
statute?
Typologies and

INTERPRETATION

parts of a statute
1.2 How to read
the letter of the
law?
1.3 What is
ambiguity in
law? Types of
ambiguities.
1.4 Hermeneutics
of lawContemporaneou
s application of
the Mimansa
Rules of
interpretation

1. Maxwell- Interpretation of
Statutes
2. Cross- Statutory Interpretation
3. G.P. Singh- Interpretation of
Statutes
4. Binian- Interpretation of
Statutes
5. K.L.Sarkars Mimansa Rules of
Interpretation

12

MODULE IIILITERAL AND

PURPOSIVE
INTERPRETATION

1.3
Meaning
and application of
the Literal RuleOrdinary and
natural meaning,
application of
rules of grammar.
1.4 Purposive
Construction

Absurdity,
inconsistency and
redundancy in the
meaning of lawApplication of the
Golden Rule

Analysis of
the Heydons Case
and application of
the Mischief Rule
Application of
the Rule of
Harmonious
Construction

BOOKS
1. Maxwell- Interpretation of
Statutes
2. Cross- Statutory Interpretation
3. G.P. Singh- Interpretation of
Statutes
4. Vepa P. Sarathi- Interpretation
of Statutes
5. Binian- Interpretation of
Statutes
Literal Rule
1. Ramavtar v. Asst. Sales Tax
Officer AIR 1961 SC 1325
2. Sales Tax Officer v. Kanhaiya
Lal AIR 1959 SC 135
3. Municipal Board v S.T.A.
Rajasthan AIR 1965
4. Blyth v. Blyth [1966] A.C. 643
Golden Rule
1. Lee v. Knapp [1967]1 Q.B. 442
2. Wright v. Ford Motor Co., Ltd.
[1967]1 Q.B. 230
3. State of Punjab v. Q.J.Begum
AIR 1963 SC 1604
4. Rananjaya Singh v. Bajnath
Singh AIR 1954 SC 749
Mischief Rule
1. Heydons Case 3 Co. Rep. 7a
2. Smith v. Huges [1960] 1 W.L.R.
830
3. Bengal Immunity Co. v State
of Bihar AIR 1955 SC 661
4. C.I.T. Madhya Pradesh v.
Sodhra Devi AIR 1957 SC 832
Rule of Harmonious Construction
1. Venkataraman Devaruv.St. of
Mysore AIR 1958 SC 255
2. Sirsilk Ltd. v. Inder Kumar
(1964)2 SCR 448

10

MODULE IVIMPORTANT
PRINCIPLES OF
CONSTRUCTION

How to gather
the Intention of
the legislature?
Reading the
statute as a whole
Contextual
integration,
Integrating the

BOOKS
1. Maxwell- Interpretation of
Statutes
2. G.P. Singh- Interpretation of
Statutes
3. Vepa P. Sarathi- Interpretation
of Statutes
4. Binian- Interpretation of

different parts of
the statute
Technical
meaning of words

Statutes
Intention of the legislature
1 Ramkrishna v. State of Delhi AIR
1956 SC 476
2 Kanwar Singh v. Delhi
Administration AIR 1956 SC 871
3 Kedar Nath v. State of W.B. 1953
Sc 404
4 Inder Singh v. State of Rajasthan
AIR 1957 SC 510
5 Workmen v. D.T.E. Management
AIR 1958 SC 353
Reading the statute as a whole
1. Butter v. Bennet [1963] Ch.
185
2. Poppat Lal Shah v. State of
Madras AIR 1953 Sc 274
3. Alamgir v. State of Bihar AIR
1959 SC 436
4. Attar Singh v Inder Kumar AIR
1967 SC 773
Rule of Harmonious Construction
3. Venkataraman Devaruv.St. of
Mysore AIR 1958 SC 255
4. Sirsilk Ltd. v. Inder Kumar
(1964)2 SCR 448

10

MODULE VAPPLICATION OF
IMPORTANT
MAXIMS IN
CONSTRUCTION

o Ut res magis
valeat quam
pareat
o Expressio unis
est exclusio
alterius
o Noscitur a
sociis
o Ejusdem
generis
o Generalia
specialibus non
derogant

Technical words should be taken in

technical sense
1. Juthika Bhattacharya v. State
of M.P. 1976 SCC 96
2. Ashwini Kumar Ghosh v.
Arabindo Bose AIR 1952 SC
369
BOOKS
1. Maxwell- Interpretation of
Statutes
2. Cross- Statutory Interpretation
3. G.P. Singh- Interpretation of
Statutes
4. Vepa P. Sarathi- Interpretation
of Statutes
Ut res magis valeat quam pareat
1. Re P. & J. Macrae
Ltd.[1961]1 W.L.R.229
2. Avtar Singh v. State of Punjab

o Reddendo
Singula Singulis

AIR 1965 SC 666

3. Corporation of Calcutta v.
Liberty Cinema AIR 1965 SC
1107
4. Krishna Gopal v. Sri Prakash
Chandra 1974 SCC 128
Expressio unis est exclusio alterius
1. R. v. Midland Railway Co.
(1855) 4 E. & B. 958
2. Gilmore (Valuation officer) v.
Baker- Carr [1962] 1 W.L.R.
1165
3. Harish Chandra v. Triloki Singh
AIR 1957 SC 444
4. Parbhani Transport v. R.T.A.
AIR 1960 SC 801
Noscitur a sociis
1. Kearns v. Cordwainers Co.
(1839) 9 C.P. 79
2. Pengelley v. Bell punch Co.
Ltd. [1964] 1 W.L.R. 1055
3. State of Rajasthan v. Sripal
Jain AIR 1963 SC 1323
4. State of Karnataka v. union of
india AIR 1978 SC 68

MODULE-VI
CONSIDERATION
OF VARIOUS

1.1 Territorial
Nexus principle
1.2 Casus Omissusjus dare vs.jus

Ejusdem generis
1. Ashbury Railway Carriage &
Iron Co. v.
2. Richie (1875) L.R. 7 H.l. 653
3. Brownsea Haven Properties,
Ltd v. Poole Corporation
[1958} Ch. 574
4. Lilawati Bai v. State of Bombay
AIR 1957 Sc 521
5. Chajjuram v. Neki AIR 1922 PC
112
Reddendo Singula Singulis
1. Nagpur Electrical Co. v.
Sreepathi Rao AIR 1958 SC
658
2. Bishop v. Deakin (1963) 1 All
ER 255
BOOKS
1. Maxwell- Interpretation of
Statutes
2. Cross- Statutory Interpretation

dicere
IMPORTANT
1.3
Presumption of
PRESUMPTIONS IN
Mens rea in
INTERPRETION

criminal act and

ruling out of
mens rea
1.4 Presumption
against
redundancyLegislature
does not intend
to alter the
existing law.

3. G.P. Singh- Interpretation of

Statutes
4. Vepa P. Sarathi- Interpretation
of Statutes
5. Binian- Interpretation of
Statutes
Territorial Nexus
1. Mobarak Ali v. State of
Bombay AIR 1957 SC 857
2. Khyerbar Tea Co. v. State of
assam AIR 1964 SC 925
Casus Omissus
1. Asst. Collector of Customs v.
Sitaram AIR 1966 SC 955
2. Nalinakshya v. Shyam Sunder
AIR 1953 SC 148
3. Shiva Bahadur Singh v. State
of U.P. AIR 1953 SC 394
Mens rea in a criminal act
1. Lim Chin Aiks case [1963] A.C.
160
2. R v. Cugullere [1961] 1 W.L.R.
858
3. Sarjoo Prasad v. State of U.P.
AIR 1961 SC 631
4. State of Maharashtra v. M.H.
George AIR 1965 SC 722
5. Ranjit D. Udeshi v. State of
Maharashtra AIR 1965 SC
Presumption against redundancy
1 Purshottam v. B.M. Desai AIR
1956 SC 20
1. Vasudev Ramchandra Shelat
v. P.J. Thakar (1974)2 SCC 323

13

Preamble
MODULE VIIVALUE OF
Title and
Heading
INTERNAL AIDS IN
INTERPRETATION
Marginal Notes
Illustrations and
Explanations
Provisos and
saving clauses

BOOKS
1. Maxwell- Interpretation of
Statutes
2. Cross- Statutory Interpretation
3. G.P. Singh- Interpretation of
Statutes
4. Vepa P. Sarathi- Interpretation
of Statutes
5. Binian- Interpretation of

Statutes
Punctuation and
Brackets

Preamble
1. Eton College v. Minister of
Agriculture [1964] Ch. 274
2. State of W.B. v. Anwar Ali AIR
1952 SC 75
3. Re Kerala Education Bill AIR
1958 SC 956
4. Burrakar Coal Co. v. UOI AIR
1961 SC 954
Title
1. Aswini Kumar Ghosh v.
Arabindo Bose AIR 1952 SC
369
2. Fisher v. Raven [1964] A.C.
210
Heading
1. Bhimka v. Charan Singh AIR
1959 Sc 960
2. R v. Board of Trade, ex p. St.
Martins Preserving Co. ltd.
[1965] 1 Q.B. 603
Marginal Notes
1. Chandler v. D.P.P. [1964] A.C.
763
2. Bengal Immunity v. State of
Bihar AIR 1955 SC 661
Illustrations
1. Murlidhar Chatterjee v.
International Film Co. AIR
1943 PC 34
2. Lala Bula v. Ahmed Shah AIR
1018 PC 249
Explanations
1. Krishna Ayyanger
v. Nallaperumal Pillai AIR 1920
PC 56
2. Burmah Shell Oil Storage &
istribution Co. Ltd. V. CTO
AIR 1961 SC 315
Punctuation and Brackets
1. A.K.Gopalan V. State of
Madras AIR 1950

MODULE VIIIIMPORTANCE OF

Dictionaries

BOOKS
1. Maxwell- Interpretation of

VARIOUS
EXTERNAL AIDS
IN
INTERPRETATION

Travaux
preparatories
and
parliamentary
history
Earlier Acts
and later Acts
Statutes in pari
material
Contemporane
a Expositio

Statutes
2. Cross- Statutory
Interpretation
3. G.P. Singh- Interpretation
of Statutes
4. Vepa P. SarathiInterpretation of Statutes
Dictionaries
1. Janki Sugar Mills and Co. v.
Commisioner 1979 SCC
524
2. Rohamare v. Shanka Rao
1975 SCC 252
Travaux preparatories and
parliamentary history
1. Har Sharan Verma v.
Tribhuman Narayan AIR
1971 SC 1331
2. State of W.B. V. Subodh
Gopal Ghosh AIR 1954 SC
92
3. State of Mysore v. R.V.
Bidop 1974 SCC 337
Earlier Acts and later Acts
1. Jeffs v. New Zealand Dairy
Production etc (1966) 3 All
ER 862
2. State of Bihar v. S.K.Roy
AIR 1966 SC1995
3. Ammini v. State of Kerala
AIR 1998 SC 260
Statutes in pari material
1. State of Assam V.
Deboprasad Baruah AIR
1969 831
2. State of Madras v. V.A
Vaidyanath Ayer AIR 1958
SC 61

12

MODULE IXAPPLICATION OF
STRICT AND
BENEFICIAL
RULES IN THE

1.4 Meaning of
Strict
interpretation
and its
application in

BOOKS
1. Maxwell- Interpretation of
Statutes
2. Cross- Statutory
Interpretation

CONSTRUCTION
OF SPECIFIC
STATUTES

the
3. G.P. Singh- Interpretation
interpretation of
of Statutes

4. Vepa P. SarathiInterpretation of Statutes

Penal
5. Binian- Interpretation of
Statutes
Statutes
Taxing
Statutes
Penal Statutes
1.5 Meaning of
1. Santa Singh v. state of
Beneficial rule
Punjab AIR 1976 SC 2386
and its
2. Iswar Das v State of Punjab
application in
Air 1973 SCC
the
3. Sarat Chandra Rabha
interpretation of
v.Khagendranath AIR 1961
welfare or
SC 334
beneficial
Taxing
Statute
statutes
1. UOI v. CTO AIR 1956 SC
1.6 Application
202
of the different
2.
Alladi Venkateshwarlu
doctrines in
Govt. of A.P. (1978)2 SCC
Interpreting the
552
Constitution
3. State of Gujrat v. Patel
Ramjibhai Danabhai
(1979)3 SCC 347
Beneficial statutes
1. B . Shah v. Presiding officer
(1977) 4 SCC 384
2. Ramji Missir v. State of
Bihar AIR 1963 SC 1088
3. Pfizer Corporation v.
Ministry of Health [1965]
A.C. 512
Constitution
1. Hoechst Pharmaceuticles
Ltd v. State of Bihar
(1983)4 SCC 45
2. Gajapati Narain Deo v State
of Orissa AIR 1953 SC 375
3. Kihoto Hollohon v.
Zachilunu 1992 Supp (2)
SCC 651

MOUDLE X

Units
1.1 Definitions,
Commence
ment

1. General Clauses Act

2. Vepa P. Sarathi- Interpretation
of Statutes

1.2 Operation
and
computation
of time
1.3 Repeal
1.4 Provisions
applicable
to making
rules or by
laws of
previous
publications
1.5 Provisions
to offences
punishable
under two
or more
enactments
1.6 Meaning of
service by
post.

List of Important Recent Cases

1. Nahalchand Laloochand Pvt Ltd.v Panchali C0-perative Housing Society Ltd (2010)9
SCC 536

2. Mamta v State of Gujrat (civil Application:526/2011)

3. Surat Nagrik Sahakari Bank Ltd Shetrunjay Housing Society Ltd (2011)II BC 1

4. Commisoner of Customs(Preventive) Mumbai v M/S. M. Ambalal & Co. (2011)2 SCC

74

5. Praful Goradia v UOI (2011) 2 SCC 568

6. Davinda Singh V State of Punjab (2010) 13 SCC 88

7. Institute of Chatered Accountant of India v Vimal Kumar Surana (2011)1 SCC 534

8. Guljag Industries v CTO (2007)7 SCC 269

9. Commissioner of Trade Tax, UP v Kartos International (2011) 6 SCC 705

10. DDA v Bholanath (2011)2 SCC 54

11. Commissioner of IT, Chennai v Tulsyn Nec Ltd. (2011)2 SCC 1

12. Govind Impex Pvt Ltd v Appropriate Authority Income Tax Dept. (2011)1 SCC 529

13. UOI v Ind-Swift Laboratories Ltd. (2011) 4 SCC 635

14. CIT Delhi v M/S Bharati Cellular Ltd. [2010] INSC 625

15. Afjal Imam v State of Bihar (2011)5 SCC 729

16. Bhanumati v State of UP (2010) 12 SCC 1

17. G.V.K. Industries v Income Tax Officer (2011) 4 SCC 36

18. G.E. India Technology Centre Pvt Ltd v CIT (2010) 10 SCC 29

19. Commissioner of Central Excise, Chandigargh v Shital International (2011) 1 SCC 109

20. Jyoti Harshad Mehta v Custodian (2009) 10 SCC 564

Annexure III

Bibliography
1. K.L.Sarkars Mimansa Rules of Interpretation, Edited by Justice Markand Katju, Tagore
Law Lecture Series 1905, 3rd Ed., 2008
2. Maxwell- Interpretation of Statutes, 12th Ed., LexisNexis Butterworths.,2006
3. Cross- Statutory Interpretation, Edited by Sir Rupert Cross, Sir George Engle,
Butterworths, 1995
4. Vepa P. Sarathi- Interpretation of Statutes, 5th Ed., Eastern Book Company,2010
5. G.P. Singh- Interpretation of Statutes, 13th Ed., LexisNexis Butterworths, 2012
6. Binian- Interpretation of Statutes, 5th Ed., LexisNexis, 2008
7. Bindra- Interpretation of Statutes,10th Ed., LexisNexsi Butterworths Wadha, 2008
8. Bindra- General Clauses Act, 10th Ed., LexisNexsi Butterworths Wadha, 2002.

9. N.K. Chakrabarti- Principles of Legislation and Legislative Drafting, 2nd Ed., R.Cambray
Pvt Ltd, 2010
10. The Least Examined Branch-The Role of Legislatures in the Constitutional State,Edited
by Richard W. Bauman, Tsvi Kahana, Cambridge University Press, 2006
11. U.Baxi, Introduction to Justice K.K.Mathew's, Democracy Equality and Freedom (1978)
Eastern, Lucknow
12. Benthams Theory of Legislation by Upendra Baxi LexisNexis Butterworths 7th Edition
(2006).
References
1. Vepa P. Sarathi- Interpretation of Statutes, 5th Ed., Eastern Book Company,2010
Pp. 1-3,8,38,39-106.106-145,234-261, 371-375, 438-439-,497-498,445-483,485-488.
1. D.S. Chopra, Interpretation of Statutes, Thomson Reuters, 2014, Pp 15-396.
2. Maxwell- Interpretation of Statutes, 12th Ed., LexisNexis Butterworths.,2006

Pp.1-14,28-56,58-75,92-104,123-136,137-145,187-198,246-274,289-306.

3. N.K. Chakrabarti- Principles of Legislation and Legislative Drafting, 2nd Ed., R.Cambray
Pvt Ltd, 2010 Pp. 49-68,111-121.

4. Benthams Theory of Legislation by Upendra Baxi LexisNexis Butterworths 7th Edition

(2006). Introduction, Pp.1-52
Further Readings
Books1. Benthams Theory of Legislation by Upendra Baxi LexisNexis Butterworths 7th
Edition (2006)., Pp. 289,

2. Brain Bix, Jurisprudence, Theory and Context, Sweet and Maxwell, South Asia
Edition, 6th Edition Pp.01-216, 107-115, 408-415.

3. Martha C. Nussbaum, Frontiers of Justice, Oxford University Press,2007, P.p 01216, 408-415

Articles:
1. Interpretation of Statutes. Legislative Powers, Harvard Law Review, Vol. 10, No. 2 (May
25, 1896), pp. 124-125
2. Ernst Freund, Interpretation of Statutes, , Vol. 65,1917,University of Pennsylvania Law
Review and American Law Register, P.207
3. Anthony D'Amato, Can Legislatures Constrain Judicial Interpretation of Statutes?
Virginia Law Review, Vol. 75, No. 3 (Apr., 1989), pp. 561-603
4. Jan van Zyl Smit, The New Purposive Interpretation of Statutes: HRA Section 3 after
Ghaidan v Godin-Mendoza, The Modern Law Review, Vol. 70, No. 2 (Mar., 2007), pp.
294-306
5. Nicholas S. Zeppos, Legislative History and the Interpretation of Statutes: Toward a FactFinding Model of Statutory Interpretation, Virginia Law Review, Vol. 76, No. 7 (Oct.,
1990), pp. 1295-1374
6. James Donato, Dworkin and Subjectivity in Legal Interpretation, Vol. 40 Stanford Law
Review, July 1988, P.1517.
7. William N. Eskridge, Jr. , Philip P. Frickey, STATUTORY INTERPRETATION AS
PRACTICAL REASONING, Vol.42 Stanford Law Review, January, 1990, p.321.
8. A. T. NUYEN, Derrida's Deconstruction: Wholeness and Diffrance, Vol.III, No.1,
Journal Of Speculative Philosophy, 1989, P.26.
9. Alexander Kaufman, The Myth of the Patterned Principle: Rawls, Nozick and
Entitlements
Polity, Vol. 36, No. 4 (Jul., 2004), pp. 559-578
10. Nalini Rajan, John Rawls (1921-2002), Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 37, No. 49
(Dec. 7-13, 2002), pp. 4894-4895