WORK DONE BY : CHELSEA WONG QIAN SII

CLASS

: 3 Amanah

TITLE

: NATURAL FUEL RESOURCES

INCLUDED

DIFFERENT PROPERTIES AND USES OF

DIFFERENT FRACTION IN THE

FRACTIONAL
DISTILLATION
- THE IMPORTANCE OF PETROLEUM
AND NATURAL
GAS INDUSTRIES TOWARDS THE
DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIES IN
MALAYSIA

GUIDED BY
RAYMOND

: TEACHER PHILONIA JANE

(<
30C)

Petroleum
Gas

The properties of this fraction

-Mixture of hydrocarbonsColour of fraction : Light yellow
Viscosity
: Non-viscous

Flammability
Soot produced

: Burns easily
: Less soot produced
The uses of petroleum gas:
- Gas

for cooking
Cracked to form
carbon used in
tyre industry
hydrogen used in
manufacture of
nitrogenous fertilizer

40C-75C
Petrol

The properties of this fraction

-Mixture of hydrocarbonsColour of fraction : Light yellow
Viscosity
: Non-viscous
Flammability
: Burns easily
Soot produced
: Less soot produced
The uses of
petrol:
- Fuel for
light vehicles
e.g.
scooters, cars

- Used for
petrol gas
commonly used in lab

75C- 150C

Naphtha

The properties of this fraction

-Mixture of hydrocarbonsColour of fraction : Yellow
Viscosity
: Slightly viscous
Flammability
: Burns easily
Soot produced
: A little soot produced
of naphtha
making chemicals

The uses
- Used for
e.g.

alcohol, plastics

- Used as
a dry cleaning
fluid
- Used in
cigarette lighters

150C - 230C
Kerosene

The properties of this fraction

-Mixture of hydrocarbonsColour of fraction : Brown
Viscosity
: Viscous
Flammability
: Harder to burn
Soot produced
: More soot produced

kerosene oil:
fuel in jet engines
illuminant in lanterns
heating and cooking

The uses of
- Used as a
- As a
- Fuel for

230C - 250C

Diesel
The properties of this fraction
-Mixture of hydrocarbonsColour of fraction : Dark brown
Viscosity
: Very viscous
Flammability
: Hard to burn
Soot produced
: A lot of soot produced
The
uses of diesel oil:
- Fuel for
heavy vehicles
e.g.
buses, lorries

- Used to
run generators

250C - 300C
Lubricants
The properties of this fraction
-Mixture of hydrocarbonsColour of fraction : Dark brown
Viscosity
: Very viscous
Flammability
: Hard to burn
Soot produced
: A lot of soot produced
The
uses of lubricants:
Used for machines
Waxes and polishes

300C - 350C
Fuel oil

The properties of this fraction

-Mixture of hydrocarbonsColour of fraction : Black
Viscosity
: Very viscous
Flammability
: Hard to burn
Soot produced
: A lot of soot produced
The uses of fuel
oil

- Used for ships

and power stations
- For heating
system

(> 350C)
Bitumen

The properties of this fraction

-Mixture of hydrocarbonsColour of fraction : Black
Viscosity
: Very viscous
Flammability
: Hard to burn
Soot produced
: A lot of soot produced

The
uses of bitumen:
Surfacing roads
Coating the underside
of
electric poles

The contributions of petroleum and natural

gas to the economic development of Malaysia
Sarawak is where Malaysias petroleum industry
started began. The first oil well was opened in
Miri in the year 1910. A lot of oilfields including
petroleum and natural gas were discovered in
Sabah, Terengganu later. Malaysia became a net
producer of petroleum. Since Malaysias crude
oil has a high quality, light and less in Sulphur
content, they has a high demands in the world

market. Now, petroleum industries become one

of the main income for Malaysia. Besides,
incomes in term of taxes, royalties and
dividends in petroleum industry also provide us
a higher standard of living and increases the job
opportunities in our country. In the nutshell,
petroleum industry is very important towards
our country as it is the biggest contributor to the
economic development of our country.