TCP/IP - Example: Application Transport Internet Data Link Physical

Telecommunication Engineering Technology, Texas A&M University LAN WAN Lecture Notes - Copyright Jeff M.
McDougall 2001
TCP/IP - Example
9/2000
Telecommunication Engineering Technology, Texas A&M University LAN WAN Lecture Notes - Copyright Jeff M. McDougall 2001
TCP/IP Protocol Suite
Application
Transport
Internet
Data Link
Physical
9/2000
TCP/IP And OSI Model
9/2000
An Exchange Using the TCP Model
L5 data
L5 data H4
L4 data
T2
L3 data
H3
H2
01010101010110101
L5 data H4
L4 data
L5 data
T2
L3 data
H3
H2
01010101010110101
Transmission medium
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TCP/IP Model - An Example
The application being used is SMTP (electronic mail)

The message content is hi (ASCII - 68+69)
How this message flows through all the layers till it finally
reaches the destination.
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Application Layer
Application
Presentation
Application
Eg. SMTP - Email
Session
6869
Message
(2 bytes)
Local part@Domain name

Address of the
mailbox on the
local site
The domain name

of the destination
Message formatting, data compression, data encryption,

and synchronization of data exchange
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Transport Layer
User datagram
(22 bytes)
Transport
6869
TCP
UDP
2 bytes
TCP Header
(20 bytes)
End-to-end delivery of message, addressing service points,

reliable delivery, multiplexing
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TCP Header
- 6869
- 520
- 520
5H
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Network Layer
Datagram
(42 bytes)
Network
H
IP
IP header
(20 bytes)
User datagram
(22 bytes)
Source-to-destination delivery, addressing, address resolution
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IP Header
4H
5H
0026H
9594H
80H
0.0.0
11H
128.194.55.152
128.194.55.254
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10
Data Link & Physical Layer
Frame
(68 bytes)
Data link
T Datagram H
Protocols defined by the

underlying layer
Physical
Trailer Header
(4 bytes) (14 bytes)
10010101010001
Bits
Delivering data units, flow control, error detection, access control,

conversion of data bits into electric signals and transmission
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11
802.3 MAC Frame
Type
Destination address : 00:c0:02:16:67:36

Source address : 00:80:5f:57:a9:a8
Type : 0800H (IP)
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12
UDP: Example
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13
USER DATAGRAM PROTOCOL
Connectionless
Unreliable
Simple
Packet Oriented
Simple Application Interface
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14
UDP Frame
Source Port
(16 Bits)
Destination Port
(16 Bits)
Length
(16 Bits)
Length of Datagram
Checksum
(16 Bits)
Optional : 16 bit ones

complement sum of the
pseudo IP header, the
UDP Header and the
Data.
DATA
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15
PROTOCOLS USING UDP
SNMP
DNS
BOOTP
TFTP
SUNRPC
SNMPTRAP
NFS
RIP
GDP
BIFF
WHO
SYSLOG
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16
UDP FRAME CAPTURED

ADDR HEX ASCII
0000: 00 60 2f dd 1d 20 08 00 20 8f 9b 39 08 00 45 00 | .`/.. .. ..9..E.
0010: 00 48 7c 20 40 00 ff 11 b0 8e 82 bf a3 74 82 bf | .H| @........t..
0020: a6 02 a5 f2 00 35 00 34 f9 ba 4f 04 01 00 00 01 | .....5.4..O.....
0030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 32 03 31 36 36 03 31 39 31 | .......2.166.191
0040: 03 31 33 30 07 69 6e 2d 61 64 64 72 04 61 72 70 | .130.in-addr.arp
0050: 61 00 00 0c 00 01 | a..
UDP: ----- UDP Header ----UDP:

UDP: Source port = 42482
UDP: Destination port = 53 (Domain)
UDP: Length = 52
UDP: Checksum = F9BA (correct)
UDP: [44 byte(s) of data]
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17
UDP DATAGRAMS in JAVA

Applications that communicate via datagrams send and receive
completely independent packets of information. These clients and
servers do not have and do not need a dedicated point-to-point channel.
The delivery of datagrams to their destinations is not guaranteed. Nor
is the order of their arrival.
Definition: A datagram is an independent, self-contained message
sent over the network whose arrival, arrival time, and content are not
guaranteed.
The java.net package contains two classes to help you write Java
programs that use datagrams to send and receive packets over the
network: DatagramSocket, DatagramPacket, and MulticastSocket
An application can send and receive DatagramPackets through a
DatagramSocket. In addition, DatagramPackets can be broadcast to
multiple recipients all listening to a MulticastSocket.
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To Send Datagrams
int port;
InetAddress address;
DatagramSocket socket = null;
DatagramPacket packet;
byte[] sendBuf = new byte[256];
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
byte[] buf = new byte[256];

InetAddress address =
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19
To Receive Datagrams
int port;
InetAddress address;
DatagramSocket socket = null;
DatagramPacket packet;
byte[] sendBuf = new byte[256];
DatagramSocket socket = new
DatagramSocket(port);
byte[] buf = new byte[256];

packet
= new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length);
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20
socket.receive(packet);
10

TCP/IP - Example: Application Transport Internet Data Link Physical

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Telecommunication Engineering Technology, Texas A&M University LAN WAN Lecture Notes - Copyright Jeff M.

TCP/IP Protocol Suite

TCP/IP And OSI Model

An Exchange Using the TCP Model

TCP/IP Model - An Example

The application being used is SMTP (electronic mail)

Local part@Domain name

The domain name

Message formatting, data compression, data encryption,

End-to-end delivery of message, addressing service points,

Source-to-destination delivery, addressing, address resolution

Data Link & Physical Layer

Protocols defined by the

Delivering data units, flow control, error detection, access control,

802.3 MAC Frame

Destination address : 00:c0:02:16:67:36

USER DATAGRAM PROTOCOL

Optional : 16 bit ones

PROTOCOLS USING UDP

UDP FRAME CAPTURED

UDP: ----- UDP Header ----UDP:

UDP DATAGRAMS in JAVA

DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();

byte[] buf = new byte[256];

byte[] buf = new byte[256];

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