NEW READING MATERIALS

Text 13
Indonesians National Dishes
There are very few countries that have as many different types of cooking as Indonesia.
Remember, of course, that Indonesia is a country of more that 3,000 islands, each with ways of
cooking that differ from their neighbours. You will find some of the best spice dishes in Java, but
these are not as spicy as the same dishes when they are cooked in Sumatra. Roasted young Pig is
one of the most famous dishes of Bali; if the same dish in cooked in Java, it still taste delicious,
but different.
Rice always plays an important part in hundreds of Indonesian dishes and one of the best-known
dishes is nasi goring or fried rice. But do not think it is only rice which fried because there is so
much more than dish than this, and the rice used it steamed before it is fried.
There are, of course, different ways of cooking fried rice but when you ask for this dish
anywhere in Indonesia you know what to expect. And after you have tried it, Im sure you will
want to cook it for yourself. Here is the recipe, which makes enough for four people.
For the sauce:
120grms of small red onions
90grms of red chillies
15grms of garlic
A spoonful of shrimp paste
One sliced tomato
For the main dish
360grms of rice
120grms of beef cut into slices
45grms of sliced red chillies
30grms of chopped celery
6 small chicken legs
6 eggs
30grms of fried onions
1 tablespoon of oil
Flour, salt and pepper
Preparation:
First, steam the rice until it is cooked. Chop the red onions into a very small pieces and fry them
together with the red chilies and the garlic until the onions become a partly brown. Then ad the
sliced tomato and the shrimp paste.
Second, add a little salt and pepper to the beef and put it into the frying pan, stirring it.
Then, after about three of four minutes add the red chilies, the chopped celery and finally the
cooked rice stirring well all the time. Taste and see if more salt and pepper is needed.
After that, place a little salt over the chicken legs, turn them in flour and fry them until they are
golden brown. Take two eggs and make an omelet. Cut the omelet into slices and use these
together with the fried onion to put around fried rice.
Finally, Place the chicken legs on one side if the dish, the vegetables on the other and four fried
eggs on the top.

Text 14
The Idea of Evolution
The idea of evolution (which is a gradual change) is not a new one. The Greeks had thought of it,
so had Erasmus Darwin, the grandfather of Charles, and also the Frenchman, Lamarck. It is one
thing to have an idea; we can all guess and sometimes make a lucky guess. It is quite another
thing to produce a proof of the correctness of that idea. Darwin thought he had that proof in his
notebooks. He saw that all the animals had a struggle to survive. Those which were best at
surviving their environment passed on the good qualities which had helped them to their
descendants. This was called the survival of the fittest. For example, in a cold climate those
who have the warmest fur will live. Darwin believed that this necessity for an animal to deal with
its environment explained the immense variety of creature.
Text 15
Mortgage
What is a Variable Rate Mortgage?
The Variable Rate Mortgage (VRM) is a form of home financing which uses a flexible interest
rate that increases or decreases as it seeks the level of a carefully monitored index. The index
used by the Brookline Savings Bank is the Federal Home Loan Bank Boards Conventional
Home Manager Closing Rates, All Lenders/All Homes (U.S. Effective Rate) as most recently
published in the FHLBB First Districts Facts rounded to the nearest 1/4 of 1 %. The FHLBB rate
is specifically recommended as the basis for an index by the Massachusetts Commissioner of
Banks.
Because of the cost of money a savings bank lends to you changes with the rate of interest it pays
its depositor, the VRM is an equitable method of financing for both home buyers and lenders.
VRMs help to assure a continuous flow of money to home financing, by better enabling the bank
to pay a competitive interest rate to depositors for the money it lends.
How does A VRM Works?
After an initial guaranteed-rate period, ranging from six months to five years, your interest rate is
subject to small, carefully regulated adjustments.
If your mortgage interest rate and the index are more than 1/4 a part, your mortgage rate could
change. If the index 1/4 % or more below your mortgage rate, your mortgage rate must be
decreased by the bank. If the index is 1/4 % or more above your mortgage rate, an increase may be
made at the option of the bank.
Text 16
What Do You Need to Know about A Job Interview
In order to make a good impression during a job interview, you need to prepare yourself for the
interview. You must arrive in plenty of time for the interview so that you give yourself a little
time to relax before the interview begins.
You have to look your best for the interview. The impression you make as you walk into the
room is very important. Try to find out if the company or organization has any rules about dress.
Then try to dress according to their regulations. If they dont allow their staff to come to work in

casual clothes, you may ruin your chances for a job by wearing the wrong kind of clothes to the
interview.
You also need to plan what you are going to say. In some interview, you will have to do a lot
talking, and in others you will only have to answer a few questions about your education and
experience. You need to have answers ready about yourself, your school work, your strong
points, your reasons for applying for the job, and the salary you expect.
You will also be allowed to ask some questions of your own. The questions you ask will show
the interviewer that you have given careful thoughts to the positions. You can ask questions like
this:
What duties will I have to do in the job?
Will I be allowed to join a health insurance program?
Does the company provide opportunities for further education?
You must also try to find as much as you can about the company you want to work for. You can
get information about the company by talking to someone who work there or by asking fro
copies of the companys booklets, brochures, or advertising.
Text 17
Dinosaurs
Several theories have been proposed about why the dinosaurs disappeared from the face of earth.
In recent years one popular theory proposes that climatic changes caused the dinosaurs to
become extinct. This climate change theory says that millions of years ago the climate of the
world gradually became colder. As the earth slowly became older, fewer plants were able to
grow. The cold weather finally resulted in a severe shortage of food for dinosaurs. As you
probably know , most of dinosaurs were vegetarians, and they depended on plants for their food
supply. In summary, then, the disappearance of the dinosaurs was caused directly by a shortage
of plants to eat, and indirectly by a change in climate.
Today there is new evidence for the theory that the dinosaurs did not disappear gradually, but
they disappeared quickly and suddenly. This theory is known as asteroid theory. It states that a
huge asteroid, or perhaps comet, hit the earth about 65 million years ago. When this comet or
asteroid hit the earth, it caused a huge dust cloud. The huge dust cloud covered the whole earth
and blocked out the sun for months. Since there is no sun for many, many months, most of the
plants on earth died. The dinosaurs food supply was destroyed in a period of months.
While this asteroid theory is not new, what is new is the evidence for the theory. Until recently
there was no evidence that an asteroid or a comet had hit the earth 65 million ago. What
happened recently was that scientist found large amount of a rare earth element called iridium all
over the world. This iridium was found in layers if the earth that are 65 years old. The iridium
was found in the same layers where the bones of the last dinosaurs were found.
The comet or asteroid theory explains two things: (1) It explains the larger amounts of the rare
element iridium found in the 65 million-year-old layers of earth, and (2) it explains why the
dinosaurs disappeared from the earth.

Today scientist continue to debate two theories: the climatic change theory and the asteroid
theory. In the future evidence may be found that supports a totally new theory of why the terrible
lizards died out.