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http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HeartFailure/AboutHeartFailure/Types
-of-Heart-Failure_UCM_306323_Article.jsp#.ViJSNH4rLIU
Systolic failure: The left ventricle loses its ability to contract normally. The heart can't pump with
enough force to push enough blood into circulation.
Diastolic failure (also called diastolic dysfunction): The left ventricle loses its ability to relax normally
(because the muscle has become stiff). The heart can't properly fill with blood during the resting period
between each beat.
Sometimes fluid collects in the lungs and interferes with breathing, causing shortness of breath, especially when
a person is lying down. This is called pulmonary edema and if left untreated can cause respiratory distress.
Heart failure also affects the kidneys' ability to dispose of sodium and water. This retained water also increases
swelling in the body's tissues (edema).
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Updated:Sep 30,2015
Doctors usually classify patients' heart failure according to the severity of their symptoms. The table below
describes the most commonly used classification system, the New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional
Classification. It places patients in one of four categories based on how much they are limited during physical
activity.
Cla
Patient Symptoms
ss
II
III
IV
Cla
Objective Assessment
ss
A
For Example:
A patient with minimal or no symptoms but a large pressure gradient across the aortic valve or severe
obstruction of the left main coronary artery is classified:
o
A patient with severe anginal syndrome but angiographically normal coronary arteries is classified:
o