Você está na página 1de 3

Powder bed and inkjet head 3D printing

This article is about powder bed and inkjet-based 3d specications. The resulting plaster parts typically lack
printing. For the popular term for all additive manufac- "green strength" and require inltration by melted wax,
turing processes, see additive manufacturing.
cyanoacrylate glue, epoxy, etc. before regular handling.
While not necessarily employing conventional inkjet
technology, various other powder-binder combinations
may be deployed to form objects by chemical or mechanical means. The resulting parts may then be subjected to
dierent post-processing regimes, such as inltration or
bakeout. This may be done, for example, to eliminate
the mechanical binder (e.g., by burning) and consolidate
the core material (e.g., by melting), or to form a composite material blending the properties of powder and binder.
Depending on the material, full color printing may or may
not be an option. As of 2014, inventors and manufacturers have developed systems for forming objects from
1 History
sand and calcium carbonate (forming a synthetic marble),
acrylic powder and cyanoacrylate, ceramic powder and a
This technology was rst developed at the Massachusetts liquid binder, sugar and water (for making candies), etc.
Institute of Technology in 1993 and in 1995 Z Corporation obtained an exclusive license. The term Three- 3D printing technology has a limited potential to vary
Dimensional Printing was trademarked by the same.[1][2] material properties in a single build, but is generally limited by the use of a common core material. In the original Z Corporation systems, cross-sections are typically
printed with solid outlines (forming a solid shell) and a
2 Description
lower-density interior pattern to speed printing and ensure dimensional stability as the part cures.
As in many other additive manufacturing processes, (and
as a layered manufacturing technology), the part to be
printed is built up from many thin cross sections of the
3D model. An inkjet print head moves across a bed of 4 Characteristics
powder, selectively depositing a liquid binding material.
A thin layer of powder is spread across the completed sec- In addition to volumetric color by use of multiple print
tion and the process is repeated with each layer adhering heads and colored binder, the 3D printing process is gento the last.
erally faster than other additive manufacturing technoloWhen the model is complete, unbound powder is auto- gies such as Fused Deposition Manufacturing or dropmatically and/or manually removed in a process called on-drop material jetting which require 100% of build and
support material to be deposited at the desired resolution.
de-powdering and may be reused to some extent.[3]
In 3D printing, the bulk of each printed layer, regardless
The de-powdered part could optionally be subjected to of complexity, is deposited by the same, rapid spreading
various inltrants or other treatments to produce proper- process.
ties desired in the nal part.
As with other powder-bed technologies, support structures are generally not required because loose powder
supports overhanging features and stacked or suspended
3 Materials
objects. The elimination of printed support structures
can reduce build time and material use and simplify both
In the original implementations, starch and gypsum plas- equipment and post-processing. However, de-powdering
ter ll the powder bed, the liquid binder being mostly itself can be a delicate, messy, and time-consuming
water to activate the plaster. The binder also includes task. Some machines therefore automate de-powdering
dyes (for color printing), and additives to adjust viscosity, and powder recycling to what extent feasible. Since
surface tension, and boiling point to match print head the entire build volume is lled with powder, as with
Powder bed and inkjet 3d printing, known variously as binder jetting and drop-on-powder or
simply 3d printing (3DP) is a rapid prototyping
and additive manufacturing (or layered manufacturing) technology for making objects described by digital data. (Other powder-bed manufacturing technologies include Selective Laser Sintering and Selective Laser
Melting.)

stereolithography, means to evacuate a hollow part must


be accommodated in the design.
Like other powder-bed processes, surface nish and accuracy, object density, anddepending on the material
and processpart strength may be inferior to technologies such as stereolithography (SLA) or Selective laser
sintering (SLS). Although stair-stepping and asymmetrical dimensional properties are features of 3D printing as
most other layered manufacturing processes, 3D printing
materials are generally consolidated in such a way that
minimizes the dierence between vertical and in-plane
resolution. The process also lends itself to rasterization
of layers at target resolutions, a fast process that can accommodate intersecting solids and other data artifacts.

See also
3D printing

References

[1] Printers produce copies in 3D. BBC News. August 6,


2003. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
[2] Grimm, Todd (2004). Users Guide to Rapid Prototyping.
SME. p. 163. ISBN 978-0-87263-697-2. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
[3] Sclater, Neil; Nicholas P. Chironis (2001). Mechanisms
and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook. McGraw-Hill Professional. p. 472. ISBN 978-0-07-136169-9. Retrieved
October 31, 2008.

REFERENCES

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

7.1

Text

Powder bed and inkjet head 3D printing Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powder%20bed%20and%20inkjet%20head%203D%


20printing?oldid=636715127 Contributors: Edward, Bearcat, Khalid hassani, SoWhy, Malcolma, Tony1, Argento, Cydebot, Headbomb,
Mkmori, Bonadea, Cnilep, Tassedethe, Yobot, 4ndyD, John of Reading, Ego White Tray, Gavin.perch, Helpful Pixie Bot, Gorthian,
Comp.arch, Monkbot, Spaghettimachine, KH-1 and Anonymous: 4

7.2

Images

7.3

Content license

Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0

Você também pode gostar