340 MATERIAL HANDLING (LOGISTICS)

It is concerned with the acquisition, movement, storage and distribution of

the material and products as well as the planning and control of this
operation in order to satisfy customer demand.

External: outside facility

Internal: inside facility

DESING CONSIDERATION

Material characteristics
Flow, routing and scheduling
Plant layout
Unit load principles

1. MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS
Physical characteristics

State
Size
Weight
Shape
condition (hot, cold)
risk of damage
safety risk

2. FLOW, ROUTING AND SCHEDULING

Flow rate: amount of material moved per unit time
Large quantities: dedicated
Small: shared
Routing: is the path to be follow by the material
Distance
Floor surface
Traffic congestion
Path is outdoors
Path with straight lines or turns
Elevation
People along the path
Scheduling: timing of each individual part is delivery
Rush job increase cost
Buffer stocks of material (FIFO)

3. PLANT LAYOUT
Is the arrangement of areas and equipment in the factory
Types of plant layout
Process layout
Various different products are manufactured in small or medium
batch sizes
Work in process area
Handling system must be flexible
Hand trucks
Forklift trucks
Automated guide vehicles
Product layout
Production of standard or identical types of part in relatively
high quantities: cars
Fixed route
Handling systems moves the part along route: conveyors
Components are delivered in work station: trucks, automated
guides vehicles
Fixed position
The product is large and heavy.
Single location during most of its fabrication
Cranes, hoists, industrial trucks
4. UNIT LOAD PRINCIPLES
Unit load is the mass to be moved or handled at one time
Unit load should be designed to be as large as is practical for the
material handling system
Considerations

Multiples items can be handled simultaneously

Reduce number of trip
Loading and unloading times are reduced
Product damage is decreased

MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT

Categories

1.
2.
3.
4.

Material transport equipment

Storage system
Unitizing equipment
Identification and tracking system

Material transport equipment

Move material inside a factory

Storage systems

Raw material
Work in process

Categories:

Conventional storage methods:

Automated storage systems:

Unitizing equipment
Containers used to hold individual items during handling

Pallets, boxes, baskets, barrels, pails, and drums

Equipment used to load and package the containers

Automatically load cartons onto pallet

Wrapping and packing

Identification and tracking systems

It refers to keep tracking

Label and bars code
RFID: radio frequency identification

THE 10 PRINCIPLES OF MATERIAL HANDLING

1. PLANNING PRINCIPLE:
2. STANDARDIZATION PRINCIPLE
3. WORK PRINCIPLE
4. ERG?NOMIC PRINCIPLE
5. UNIT LO.AD PRINCIPLE.
6. SPACE UTILIZATION PRINCIPLE
7. SYSTEM PRINCIPLE
8. AUTOMATION PRINCIPLE:
9. ENVIRONMENTAL PRINCIPLE
10.LIFE CYCLE COST PRINCIPLE:

MATERIAL TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Industrial trucks
Automated guided vehicles systems(AGVS)
Rail guided vehicles
Conveyors
Hoists and cranes

INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
Characteristics

Low and medium cost

manual or powered
Low production: Low rate of delivery per hour

Types:

walkie trucks
forklift trucks
towing tractor

Uses:

Light load
Palletizing containers

AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLES SYSTEMS (AGVS)

Characteristics
High cost
Independently operated
Low and medium production
Battery powered vehicles
Flexible routing
No obstructive pathways
Types

Driverless trains
Pallet trucks
Unit load carriers

Uses
Moving different material from various load points to various
unload points
RAIL GUIDED VEHICLES
High cost
Flexible routing:
On de floor or overhead
Uses:
Lines assemblies
CONVEYORS
Large quantities
Fixed path
In floor, on the floor, overhead
Types:
Roller conveyors
Skate-wheel conveyors
Belt conveyors
Chain conveyor
In floor towline conveyors
Overhead trolley conveyors
Power and free overhead trolley conveyors
Cart on track conveyor
Other types
Uses:
Lines assemblies
HOISTS AND CRANES
More than 100 tons
Homework: ANALYSIS OF MATERIAL TRANSPORT SYSTEM

THE 10 PRINCIPLES OF MATERIAL HANDLING

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

PLANNING PRINCIPLE:
STANDARDIZATION PRINCIPLE
WORK PRINCIPLE
ERG?NOMIC PRINCIPLE
UNIT LO.AD PRINCIPLE.
SPACE UTILIZATION PRINCIPLE

7. SYSTEM PRINCIPLE
8. AUTOMATION PRINCIPLE:
9. ENVIRONMENTAL PRINCIPLE
10.LIFE CYCLE COST PRINCIPLE: