Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Author
:E. S. Spears
DATE
2/20/97
AUTHOR
E. S. Spears
DESC. OF CHANGE
Original Draft
************************************************************************************
NOTE: It is the responsibility of the user of this document to insure it is
the most current information available.
Contact a Documentation Services Representative or refer to the j:\
control drdive on the network for more information.
************************************************************************************
Approvals:
___________________________________________
Date:
__________
___________________________________________
Date:
__________
___________________________________________
Date:
__________
Cellular Theory
Page 2 of 13
Contents:
SECTION.................................................................PAGE
1.0 Purpose .....................................................................2
2.0 Acronyms...................................................................2
3.0 PCS 1900 (GSM) ......................................................3
6.2 PCS 1900 MHZ .........................................................7
6.3 GSM NOTES ...........................................................11
1.0
Purpose
This document is intended for anyone desiring to increase their knowledge about GSM cellular
systems.
2.0
Acronyms
AGCH
AMPS
ARFCN
AUC
Authentication Center
BA
Base Allocation
BCCH
BCH
Broadcast CHannel
BS
Base Station
BSC
BSS
BSS
BTS
CA
Cell Allocation
CCCH
CRC
DAMPS
DCS-1900
DTMF
DVCC
EIR
FACCH
FCCH
Cellular Theory
Page 3 of 13
FM
Frequency Modulation
GSM
HLR
ISDN
MA
Mobile Allocation
MAHO
MS
MSC
MTX
NAMPS
NMC
OMC
PCH
Paging CHannel
PCS
PSTN
PSTN`
RACH
RF
Radio Frequency
SACCH
SAT
SCH
Synchronization CHannel
ST
TACS
TCH
Traffic CHannel
TS
VLR
CTIA
3.0
Cellular Theory
Page 4 of 13
GSM Networks
NMC
OMC
BTS
BTS
BTS
VLR
BSC
EIR
BSS
BTS
BTS
BTS
MSC
AUC
BSC
HLR
BSS
PSTN
Cellular Theory
Page 5 of 13
A GSM Cell
R
AC
P
D
H
L
O
W INK
N
LI
N
BC K
H
H
AC K
R IN
K
N
PL
U
LI
N
W H
BC
BCH
Broadcast
CHannel
TCH
Traffic
CHannel
TCH
Traffic
CHannel
Cellular Theory
Page 6 of 13
I
Data
270.833kB/s
-67.708 kHz= logic 1
Frequency
Phase
+90deg
-90deg
Cellular Theory
Page 7 of 13
Physical Channels
Amplitude
Downlink
0
BTS
0
CH
660
0
CH
661
2
0
CH
662
0
GSM_4
CH
660
4
3
2
1
CH
661
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
7
6
5
0
7
2
1
0
7
Time
Uplink
2
0
Frequency
CH
662
80 MHz
Figure 25: GSM Physical Channels
GSM uses TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) and FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple
Access). The mobile transmit (Uplink) ranges in frequency from 1850 to 1910 MHz and the
mobile receive (Downlink) is from 1930 to 1990 MHz. Each Up/Downlink channel is divided into
200 kHz wide slots called ARFCN (Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number). As well a
slicing up frequency, time is also sliced up. An ARFCN is shared between 8 mobiles, each using
it in turn. Each mobile uses the ARFCN for one TS (Timeslot) and then waits for its turn to come
around again. Mobiles get the use of the ARFCN once per TDMA frame.
Figure 25 shows the BTS transmitting on ARFCN channel 660 downlink TS zero and the mobile
transmitting on ARFCN channel 660 uplink TS 3. Another way of looking at this is the mobile
transmit TS is seperated from the receive TS by 3 Timeslots.
The combination of a TS number and ARFCN is called a physical channel.
6.2
The following information on PCS 1900 was written by Carter Quella, Product Technician for the
HD-851.
For a better understanding of the functioning of the HD851 product, which works in the PCS 1900 Mhz
frequency band, this document has been prepared for diagnostic technicians to use as a reference. It will
outline briefly the system, which is digital only, because this GSM based technology is totally new to the
United States.
Cellular Theory
Page 8 of 13
1930-1990 Mhz
1850-1910 Mhz
As you can see, the duplex spacing is now 80 Mhz, not 45 Mhz as in the AMPS system.
Cellular Theory
Page 9 of 13
TRANSMITTER
FREQUENCIES
RECEIVER
FREQUENCIES
CHANNEL #
512
1850
MHZ
CHANNEL #
810
1910 MHz
Cellular Theory
512
1930 MHz
RX
1930.2 MHz
1960.0 MHz
1989.8 MHz
810
1990 MHz
Page 10 of 13
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
RX
Receive slot on 1961 MHz for 576.9 usec
3
RX
TX
3
Midamble or
Training Bits
57
Tail
Bits
Data
Bits
Cellular Theory
Control
Bit
26
Control
Bit
57
Data
Bits
Tail
Bits
Guard
Period
Page 11 of 13
6.3
GSM NOTES
Cellular Theory
Page 12 of 13
Cellular Theory
Page 13 of 13