Humans have a four chambered heart.

Not all animals have this many chambers.

These chambers work together.

Deoxygenated Blood

High O2

Aorta

arteries
R

Vena
Cava

pulmonary vein

pulmonary artery

veins

lung
arteriole

venule
body

 In insects, other arthropods, and many

mollusks blood comes directly in contact
with organs.
In other animals with a closed circulatory
system the blood doesnt touch organs.

Crayfish

Human

Organs/Tissues Seen in the Cadaver

Lab
Nerve
Arterie
Tongue
Spleen
s
s
Esophagu
Heart
Heart
s
valves
Intestines Kidne Bladde
Appendix
y
r
Achilles
Gall
Tendon
Bladder
Liver
Bones

Some injuries to these

organs include:
Lung cancer
Enlarged heart
Liver cancer/tumors
Black lung
Heart
Staples

Fact
Enlargeds hearts are often
in athletes.
Surgery of the spleen
is like stitching wet
tissue paper.

This is a picture of a body that

would be found in a cadaver
lab.

Human
Physiology
Exercise

Procedure

*Took starting blood pressure

*Recorded resting pulse every 30 sec for 2 min.

*Warm-up pulse was checked every 30 sec for 2 min.
*Took exercise pulse every 30 sec for 2 min.
*For 2 min. the cool down pulse was recorded every 30 sec.
*Recorded resting pulse every 30 sec. for 2 min.
*Took ending blood pressure
*Analyzed results, found the calculated HR
*Found the diff. between calc. HR and bike HR

Data Results

Hot/Cold Exercise

Hypothermia
Hypothermia is when the body reaches abnormally
low body temperature. The condition needs
treatment at body temperatures of 35C (95 F) or
below. And it becomes life threatening when the body
reaches temperatures of 32.2 C (90 F).

To prevent hypothermia wear or bring warm clothing when

going into cold weather. If the weather gets nasty then find
shelter. You should drink lots of water and be sure to eat
plenty of carbohydrates.
Some small children if they fall into a frozen lake their
body can sometimes shutdown and they can survive under
the ice for up to 45 minutes without any damage being
done, but the older you are they more you lose that ability.

Dehydration
Dehydration is the excessive loss of
body water caused by heat exposure,
prolonged vigorous exercise, and
kidney disease.

Drink 8-10 glasses of water a day and even more on warm

days and when exercising. Drink water even when your not
thirsty because if you wait until your thirsty your already
dehydrated. Avoid alcoholic beverages or caffeinated drinks
such as pop. Fill up on sports drinks when taking on athletic
activities and take plenty of breaks.
Consuming water at room temperature allows the body to
hydrate itself more quickly than water consumed at any other
temperature.

Blood Pressure is the force of the blood pushing against the walls of the arteries.
The top number is the systolic pressure. The systolic pressure is when the heart beats.
The bottom number is the diastolic pressure. The diastolic pressure is when the heart is at rest.
It is lowest as you sleep and rises when you get up. It also can rise when you are excited,
nervous, or active.
Your blood pressure is normal when you systolic pressure is or less than 120 and your diastolic
pressure is or less than 80.

If you have a systolic pressure of 140 or higher and a diastolic pressure of 90 or higher
then you have high blood pressure.
If you only have a high systolic or diastolic pressure then you still have high blood
pressure.

With many people a specific cause of high blood pressure is unknown.

With some people high blood pressure is a result of certain medical problems or
medications.

There are many ways to lower your blood pressure including the following: Weight
Management (losing as little of 10 pounds can help lower blood pressure), Quit
Smoking (that is if you smoke), Exercise (daily activity not only can lower you blood
pressure but get you into shape), Stress Management (take time to relax), and Reduce
Alcohol Intake.

Heart disease is the leading cause

of death in West Virginia, accounting for
6,189 deaths or approximately 29% of the
state's deaths in 2002

According to the CDCs Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (

results in 2003, adults in West Virginia reported having the
following risk factors for heart disease

33.5 % had high blood pressure

37.7% of those screened reported having high blood cholesterol
9.8% had diabetes
27.3% were current smokers
7% were overweight or obese (Body Mass Index greater than or equal to
28% reported no exercise in the prior 30 days
Approximately 87% had one or more of these six risk factors

USE IT OR LOSE IT!

If you dont use your body, you will
certainly lose it. Our bodies were meant
to move.
Not exercising is as much a risk as
smoking.
Exercising reduces the risk of
cancer, heart disease, high blood
pressure, diabetes, and other
diseases.
Exercise is also a key to weight loss
control because it burns calories. If
you burn off more calories than you
take in then you will lose weight.

Risk Factors of Heart Problems

Smoking
Drinking
Fatty diet
Family history
Age
Over weight
etc.