1

Which of these statements about the lymphatic system is (are) true?

D)
The spleen filters blood, removing microorganisms and other foreign substances.
Feedback: Correct Answer: The spleen filters blood, removing microorganisms and other foreign
substances.
2
The tonsils that are referred to as "the tonsils" are the
B)
palatine tonsils.
Feedback: Correct Answer: Although there are three tonsil groups (palatine, pharyngeal, and
lingual), "the tonsils" commonly refers to just the palatine tonsils.
3
Which of these is NOT a location for aggregations of lymph nodes?
D)
around the heart
Feedback: Correct Answer: Of the choices, only the heart is not a location for aggregation of
lymph nodes.
4
Lymph nodes
B)
have germinal centers where lymphocytes divide.
Feedback: Correct Answer: Lymph nodes have germinal centers where lymphocytes divide.
5
Lymphatic organs
B)
may filter blood or lymph.
Feedback: Correct Answer: Lymphatic organs may filter blood or lymph.
6
The spleen
D)
acts as a blood reservoir.
Feedback: Correct Answer: The spleen destroys defective erythrocytes, detects and removes
foreign substances in the blood, and functions as a blood reservoir.
7
The thymus
A)
decreases in size in older adults.
Feedback: Correct Answer: The thymus decreases in size in older adults.
8
With innate immunity,
A)
each time the body is exposed to a substance, the response is the same.
Feedback: Correct Answer: With innate immunity, each time the body is exposed to a substance,
the response is the same.
9
Which of the following is a protective chemical that lyses cells, found on the surface of
cells and in tears and saliva?
C)
lysozyme
Feedback: Correct Answer: Lysozyme is the protective chemical that lyses cells and is found on
the surface of cells and in tears and saliva.
10
A(n) __________ is a group of 20 proteins activated by a series of reactions, in which one
activated chemical then activates another; and promotes inflammation, phagocytosis, and cell
lysis.
A)
complement
Feedback: Correct Answer: Complement is a group of 20 proteins activated by a series of
reactions, in which one activated chemical then activates another; promotes inflammation,
phagocytosis, and cell lysis.
11
Which of the following is a protein that interferes with virus production, and is produced by
most cells in response to a viral infection?
B)
interferon

Feedback: Correct Answer: Interferons are proteins that are produced by virally infected cells,
which provide neighboring cells with a stimulus to produce antiviral proteins and therefore
prevent the spread of the viral infection.
12
Which of these chemical mediators does NOT promote inflammation?
D)
interferon
Feedback: Correct Answer: Of the chemical mediators listed, only interferon does not promote
inflammation. Interferon is produced by virally infected cells, and functions to interfere with virus
production in neighboring cells.
13
The most important phagocytes are
D)
neutrophils and macrophages.
Feedback: Correct Answer: The most important phagocytes are the neutrophils and
macrophages.
14
Neutrophils
D)
often die after a single phagocytic episode.
Feedback: Correct Answer: Neutrophils often die after a single phagocytic episode.
15
Dust cells, microglia, and Kupffer cells are examples of
D)
macrophages.
Feedback: Correct Answer: Dust cells, microglia, and Kupffer cells are all examples of
macrophages.
16
Natural killer cells
B)
exhibit no memory response.
Feedback: Correct Answer: Natural killer cells exhibit no memory response, they are part of
innate immunity.
17
Which cells release enzymes that break down chemical mediators released by other cells?
B)
eosinophils
Feedback: Correct Answer: Eosinophils release enzymes that are able to break down chemical
mediators released by other cells. The enzymes released by eosinophils can break down the
histamine that is released by basophils and mast cells during an inflammatory response.
18
In addition to the symptoms of local inflammation, systemic inflammation results in the
D)
all of these
Feedback: Correct Answer: System inflammation can cause the production of large numbers of
neutrophils from red bone marrow, production of pyrogens, and the loss of large amounts of fluid
from the blood.
19
Which of these results occur in response to the release of chemical mediators?
E)
all of these
Feedback: Correct Answer: Vasodilation, chemotactic attraction of phagocytes, increased
vascular permeability, and redness and swelling, can all result in response to the release of
chemical mediators.
20
Substances that stimulate adaptive immunity are called
B)
antigens.
Feedback: Correct Answer: Antigens are substances that stimulate adaptive immunity.
21
Which of these is an example of a self-antigen?
E)
tumor antigen
Feedback: Correct Answer: A tumor antigen would be an example of a self-antigen, a molecule
produced by the body that stimulates an adaptive immune response.

22
Antibodies
B)
promote phagocytosis.
Feedback: Correct Answer: Antibodies function as opsonins, promoting phagocytosis.

23
An antibody molecule
B)
has both heavy and light chains.
Feedback: Correct Answer: An antibody molecule is composed of two heavy and two light chains.
24
Which antibody accounts for 80-85% of serum antibodies, can cross the placenta, and is
responsible for Rh reactions?
D)
IgG
Feedback: Correct Answer: IgG accounts for 80-85% of serum antibodies, can cross the placenta,
and is responsible for Rh reactions.
25
T cells
A)
are processed in the thymus.
Feedback: Correct Answer: T cells are processes in the thymus.
26
The activation of B cells
C)
results in the production of antibodies.
Feedback: Correct Answer: The activation of B cells results in the production of antibodies.
27
B cells
A)
are stimulated by helper T cells.
Feedback: Correct Answer: B cells are stimulated by helper T cells, resulting in the production of
antibodies.
28
The activation of T cells can result in
E)
all of these
Feedback: Correct Answer: The activation of T cells can result in the lysis of virus-infected cells,
the production of memory T cells, the production of lymphokines, and delayed hypersensitivity
reactions.
29
Given these events that are part of helper T cell activation:
1. interleukin-1 released by macrophage (costimulation)
2. antigen processed by macrophage
3. helper T cell binds to macrophage
4. helper T cell releases interleukin-2 and divides
5. antigen displayed on MHC molecule
Arrange the events in the order that they occur as an antigen is recognized and a helper T cell is
activated.
B)
2,5,3,1,4,
Feedback: Correct Answer: The order of events occurring in helper T cell activation is: 2,5,3,1,4.
30
MHC molecules are
A)
cell-surface glycoproteins that display antigens.
Feedback: Correct Answer: MHC molecules are cell-surface glycoproteins that display antigens.
31
MHC class II molecules
B)
are found on antigen-presenting cells.
Feedback: Correct Answer: MHC class II molecules are found on antigen-presenting cells, such as
B cells, macrophages, Monocytes, and dendritic cells.

32
__________ are responsible for the secondary antibody response.
A)
Memory B cells
Feedback: Correct Answer: Memory B cells are responsible for the secondary antibody response.
The memory B cells are stimulated to quickly divide, producing plasma cells that then produce a
large amount of antibodies, when the immune system is exposed to an antigen that it has
already produced a primary response to.
33
As the result of a bee sting, Joe B. Hive had an immediate severe reaction, and nearly
died. This reaction was caused by
A)
B cells.
Feedback: Correct Answer: The immediate hypersensitivity reaction was caused by antibodies
produced by B cells reacting with allergens from the bee sting. This could cause a severe
reaction, like anaphylaxis, within minutes.
34
The antigen-presenting cells that are required for the activation of B cells are
A)
B cells.
Feedback: Correct Answer: B cells are the antigen-presenting cells that are required for the
activation of B cells. They present processed antigen to helper T cells that then produce
interleukins that stimulate the B cell to divide and produce antibodies.
35
Interleukins and CD4, B7, and CD28 proteins are all involved in
B)
costimulation of helper T cells.
Feedback: Correct Answer: Interleukins and CD4, B7, and CD28 proteins are all involved in
costimulation of helper T cells.
36
B cells are involved in
A)
only adaptive immunity.
Feedback: Correct Answer: B cells are involved in only adaptive immunity.
37
Neutrophils are involved in
B)
only innate immunity.
Feedback: Correct Answer: Neutrophils are involved in only innate immunity.
38
Complement is involved in
C)
both adaptive and innate immunity
Feedback: Correct Answer: Complement is involved in both adaptive and innate immunity.
39
A vaccination is a way of acquiring
C)
active artificial immunity.
Feedback: Correct Answer: A vaccination is a way of acquiring active artificial immunity, where
an antigen is deliberately introduced into an individual to stimulate the immune system.
40
Antiserum is used to produce
D)
passive artificial immunity.
Feedback: Correct Answer: Antiserum is used to produce passive artificial immunity. The
antiserum consists of prepared antibodies that are injected into an individual needing immunity.