International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882

Volume 3, Issue 9, December 2014

1274

PANI-SnO2 Based Composite Materials & Their Application

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Rajeev Aroraa, Aman Saxenab,Mohd Qayed Nooric, Ayush Singhd,

( Department of Mechanical Engineering, Invertis University, Bareilly)

Abstract
Mechanical Properties of Polyaniline (PANI)
Composite Film Synthesized by Nanocomposite
Material SnO2 has been investigated by SEM,
TEM&FTIR spectra analyses. The results clearly
demonstrate that the composite film of nano-composite
material (encapsulated nano-SnO2 and Polyaniline) are
more stable at higher temperature than pure
polyaniline,promising anode material for lithium ion
batteries as well as in energy solar systems and
environment systems.
Keywords: SEM,
properties.

Composite,

respectively. It can be seen from these figures that the

composite particles are highly dispersed with
agglomeration. In both the cases, formation of polymer
shell around the nanocrystalline particles can be seen
in SEM images, assisting the growth and further
aggregates formation indicating a diffusion limited
cluster aggregation type mechanism as every collision
between two clusters results in the formation of a new
cluster, the aggregate of the two colliding clusters.

FTIR, Mechanical

1. INTRODUCTON
Recently, tin oxide and tin-based composite oxide
electrodes have been investigated as possible anode
electrodes for the fourth generation lithium-ion
batteries due to the desirable material properties of
high capacity on both a gravimetric and a volumetric
basis and the low potential of Li ion intercalation. In
the past few years, organic inorganic nanocomposites
(polyaniline and SnO2) [1-3] have become the most
interesting field ofresearch for their physical
properties.
A new field for the development of
advanced materials in science and technology is
polyanilinesemiconductornanocomposite.
Nanocomposite material properties are different from
the constituent materials due to interfacial interactions
[4-5]. The properties of these materials can easily be
tuned to its desired application through the variation of
particle size different type ofphases SnO2 as rutile,
anatase
and
distribution
of
nanoparticles.
Semiconductor nanoparticles polyanilineand SnO2,
have attracted much interest due to technological
importance in different fields as sensors [6], solar cells
[7]. Polyaniline is p typesemiconductor and Sno2 is n
type semiconductor and composite material of these
materials have been widely used in the sensorsand
corrosion protections [8]. For these nanocomposites
(Nano TiO2 and PANI) most of the studies are
completed with opticalproperties, electrical properties
and magnetic properties.Electrical properties are
significantly modified due to modifiednanoSnO2 and
dispersion of nanoparticles polyaniline, or nano TiO2
in suitable medium as PVA.

2. SEM DETAILS
The
SEM
micrographs
of
SnO2/PANI
nanocomposites, Sample A shown in Fig. 1.a and b,

Figure 1,a

Figure 1,b

3. FTIR SPECTRA
Fig. 2shows the FTIR spectra of SnO2/PANI
nanocomposites, sample A and B. The peaks in both
the
samples
at
wave
numbers
2000,1800,1600,1400,1200,1000,800,600 and 400
cm1 corresponds to most of the characteristic peaks
for PANI.The peaks at wave numbers 2000 and 1800
cm1 are attributed to C-N and C-C stretching mode
for the quinoid and benzenoid rings; while the peak at
wave number1600 cm1 is attributed to CC aromatic
ring stretching of the benzenoiddiamine unit. The
peaks at wave numbers 1200 and 1400 cm1 are
attributed to CN stretching; and peak at wave number
1000 cm1 is considered to be due to N Q N
stretching. The peak at the wave number 800 cm1 is
attributed to CH out of plane bending vibrations.
These peaks are slightly shifted with respect to their
normal positions for pure PANI [9] due to the presence
of tin oxide in the PANI matrix. A strong peak at wave
number 613 cm1 in both the samples is due to the

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International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 3, Issue 9, December 2014

antisymmetricSn-O-Sn mode in tin oxide which

confirms the presence of tin oxide in the PANI matrix.
Dutta et al [10] observed similar results for tin
oxide/PANI nanocomposites.

1275

2. F.J. Feliciano, O.C. Monteiro, New nanocomposite

materials by incorporation of nanocrystallineSnO2
particles into polyaniline conductivefilms, Journal of
Materials Science & Technology, 30 (2014) 449-454
3. S. Deivanayaki, V. Ponnuswamy, S. Ashokan, P.
Jayamurugan, R. Mariappan, Materials, Synthesis and
characterization of dopedpolyanilinenanocomposites
by chemical oxidation method, Science in
Semiconductor Processing, 16 (2013) 554-559.
4. Sitao Yang, Yoshie Ishikawa, Hiroshi Itoh, Qi Feng,
Fabrication and characterization of core/shell
structured SnO2/polyanilinenanocomposite,Journal of
Colloid and Interface Science, 356 (2011) 734-740.
5. AkashKatoch, Markus Burkhart, Taejin Hwang,
Sang Sub Kim, Synthesis of polyaniline / hybrid
nanoplates via a sol-gel chemicalmethod, Chemical
Engineering Journal,192 (2012) 262-268.
6. ShahruzNasirian, HossainMilaniMoghaddam, Effect
of different titania phases on the hydrogen gas sensing
features of polyanilinenanocomposite, Polymer 55
(2014) 1866-1874.

Figure-2

4. CONCLUSION
In our analysis of the characterization of PANISnO2nanocomposite film, it is observed that in the
filmnanocomposite material encapsulated SnO2 by
PANI distributed into film as fibrous shaped . For the
composite film PANI &nanoSnO2 glass transition
temperatures near to 2400Ctherefore it reflects there
aresome interaction between thecomponents that
PANI, SnO2 film which makes higher Tg. The DC
electrical conductivity of this nanocomposite film was
found to be fairly good [11] and can be utilized
electrical andelectronic related applications.promising
anode material for lithium ion batteries as well as in
energy solar systems and environment systems. SnO2PANI composite may be a promising anode material
for lithium ion batteries with high specific capacity and
good cycling stability.

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