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CURRICULUM FOR
MASTER OF SCIENCE IN PHARMACOLOGY
MSC (PHARMACOLOGY)
March 2011
1
1.
Introduction
The Master of Science course in Pharmacology is a two-year program.
Course work is done in two semesters and one recess term during the first
year. The second year is devoted to research and dissertation writing. Course
work consists of lecturers, tutorials, seminars and prescribed pharmacological
experiments. Students also participate in tutoring of undergraduate students
under supervision.
2.
3.
Program Justification
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
4.
General Regulations
The regulations and guidelines for Masters Degrees of Makerere University
shall be applicable. These will include:
a) Guidelines for application, registration of research proposals
supervision and examination of dissertations.
b) Regulations on submission of progress reports and the final
dissertation.
c) Appointment of supervisors and examiners.
5.
Admission Requirements
The minimum entry requirements will be as follows:
a) MBChB or its equivalent
b) B.Pharm or its equivalent
c) B.Sc. (Zoology) from a recognized University
d) B.Sc. (Human Biology, Ethno botany,) from a recognized University
e) BVM or is equivalent
f) BDS or its equivalent
g) B.Sc. (Pharmacology) from a recognized University
h) B. Sc. (Nursing) from a recognized University
i) B.Sc. (Biochemistry) from a recognized University
For classified degrees, the minimum entry requirement shall be at least a
Second class degree level.
6.
7.
7.1
7.2
Letter grade
A+
A
B+
B
C+
C
D+
D
E
E
F
Grade
5
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0
Interpretation
Exceptional
Excellent
Very good
Good
Fairly good
Pass
Marginal fail
Clear fail
Bad fail
Qualified fail
Qualified fail
The minimum Pass mark in any course will be 60%. No credit should be
awarded for any course in which a student fails.
When a student has to re-sit a Course, he/she has to wait and re-sit that course
when it is next offered.
7.3
Progress
7.3.1
Normal Progress
To sit for the end of semester examination, a candidate must have a
certificate of due performance.
To progress from semester to semester and from first year to
second year, a candidate must score a minimum grade point of 2.0
in each course.
4
7.3.2
Probational Progress
A candidate who scores less than grade point 2.0 in a semester examination will
re-take the course when next offered, but may proceed to the next year.
7.3.3
Discontinuation
A candidate will be discontinued after obtaining:
3 consecutive probations in a core course, or
3 consecutive probations based on CPA or GPA
7.4
Dissertation
The dissertation shall conform to the standing guidelines and regulations of the
University on higher degrees. A candidate shall not be allowed to formally start
on research work unless he/she has passed year one examinations. A candidate
shall submit a research proposal to the Departmental Research Committee, which
will be scored in the first semester of the second year. The proposal will also be
approved by the Faculty Higher Degrees Committee.
The candidate shall hand in three copies of dissertation three months before the
end of Year II Semester II. To pass a dissertation, the candidate shall satisfy the
examiners in written dissertation and viva voce. A candidate, who fails to satisfy
examiners, shall resubmit a revised dissertation in accordance with the
recommendations of the external and internal examiners. Failure to satisfy the
panel of examiners in viva voce may lead to repeating the whole year or
discontinuation.
8.0
9.0
Course Outline
9.1
YEAR I
SEMESTER 1
Code
CEB 7101
PHA 7102
PHY 7103
PHA 7104
Course Title
Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Research
Methods
Recent Advances in General Pharmacology,
Neuropharmacology,
Psychopharmacology,
Toxicology and Clinical Trial Design
Advanced Physiological Chemistry, Body fluids,
Renal, Gastrointestinal, Cardiovascular and
Respiratory Physiology
Biochemical Basis of Pharmacokinetics and Drug
Disposition
LH
TH
PH
CH
CU
30
20
40
60
04
30
60
30
75
05
30
60
30
75
05
15
30
30
30
02
16
TH
PH
CH
CU
45
45
75
05
60
30
75
05
TOTAL
Code
PHA 7201
PHY 7201
SEMESTER II
Course Title
LH
Advances in Chemotherapy, Chemoprophylaxis,
Cancer Therapy, Nutritional and Systemic 30
pharmacology.
Advanced Endocrinology and Reproductive
Physiology
30
PHY 7202
Advanced Neurophysiology
30
60
30
75
05
PHA 7202
30
30
02
17
TOTAL
HMS 7301
PHA 7301
RECESS TERM
Health Systems Management
Advances in Experimental Pharmacology
TOTAL
20
10
32
20
48
110
60
75
05
05
10
PHA 8101
PHA 8102
YEAR II
Research proposal Writing
Research Project (Dissertation)
Total
10
10
30
10
100
120
75
75
05
05
10
Course details
Year I
Semester I
1.
Course objectives
By the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1.
2.
3.
Description of course
Data management and analysis; quality control; ethics; budgeting and accounting.
Course Outline
.Suggested readings:
3.
. Suggested Readings:
Physiology Guyton
Physiology by Ganong
4.
Year I
Semester II
5.
Cancer
Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Discuss the principles of chemotherapy, classification and mechanisms of
action of antimicrobial agents and anticancer agents.
2. Discuss the mechanisms of resistance and resistance transfer.
3. Discuss advances in the treatment of diseases of main body systems.
4. Discuss the treatment, prevention of infections and infestations in medical
and veterinary practice.
5. Discuss the use of nutraceuticals in disease treatment and prevention
1.
Suggested readings:
6.
Objectives.
By the end of this course, the students will be able to:
Explain the general principles hormone action.
Discuss the functions and control of endocrine glands.
Assess endocrine glands of the productive system.
Content
Principles of hormones action;; specific functions of each endocrine gland its control
relations to other endocrine glands; male and female reproductive functions plus the
hormones involved; immunology; physiology of pregnancy and the new born; asses
endocrine glands.
PHY 7202: Advanced Neurophysiology
Objectives.
By the end of this course, the students will be able to:
Describe the histology and functions of excitable tissue.
Discuss the origin and function of the central nervous system (CNS).
Conduct neurological experiments to assess the CNS
Content
Physiology of excitable tissues; functions of sensory and motor cortex; posture,
movement and equilibrium;; automatic nervous system; special senses; sexual behavior;
learning and memory; assessment of nervous function and localization of lesions.
7.
8.
Year I: Recess Term.
9. HMS 7301: Health Systems Management
By the end of this course, students will be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Contents:
1.
2.
3.
4.
.
Course objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
Design and conduct pharmacology experiments.
Analyze data generated from tissue and animal studies
Establish animal models of common disease
Handle common pharmacological equipments
Course Outline
Dissociation constants.
Intrinsic activity and efficacy: determination and derivation.
PD2 and PAx: values and determination.
Transmural stimulation.
Canulation of vessels and trachea.
Pitched animal preparations.
Toxicity testing: Acute, sub-acute and chronic testing techniques and
evaluation of results.
Contact hypersensitivity and skin irritancy testing techniques.
Allergic reactions and their classifications.
Extraction and isolation oaf pharmacologically active principles from natural
products.
Statistical evaluation of pharmacological experiments.
Suggested Readings:
Experimental Pharmacology by Gupta
Year II:
1. PHA 8101: Research proposal Writing
Course Objectives
At the end of the course students must be able to:
1. Analyze situations and identify research questions.
2. Formulate research hypothesis and test them
3. Present a proposal for critical appraisal.
Content outline:
Research; definition, types and importance
The research proposal; components and importance
Literature review
Sources of research data
Methods of research; sample size and data analysis.
2. PHA 8102: Research Project (Dissertation)
Course objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Conduct a research project
2. Manage data generated from a research project.
3. Summarize and report data generated from a pharmacological of clinical study.
Content outline:
Implementation of research proposal: desgning data collection tools,
13
APPENDIX
Resources:
Physical Facilities
The program will be conducted with resources from the departments of Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, Physiology and Biochemistry. The three departments have wellestablished laboratories for postgraduate training. At the department of Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, there are postgraduate rooms to which are attached laboratories. There
is also a seminar room, which accommodates a well-stocked library.
Personnel
The existing members of the participating departments named above will conduct the
program. Specialists from the department of Medicine will be called upon to teaching in
the program. Notable here are topics in Renal and Respiratory physiology and cancer
chemotherapy.
The core staff to teach the program
Department of Pharmacology:
1. Prof. W.W. Anokbonggo MD., MSc., PhD
2. 3. Dr. C. Obua
MD. MSc.PhD
4. Dr. Paul Waako
MBChB, MSc., PhD
Professor
Senior Lecturer
Senior Lecturer
Department of Biochemistry:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Dr. Haumba
Mr. Enyaru
Mr. Vuzi
Mr. Wamutu
Ms. Baigana
Lecturer
Lecturer
Lecturer
Lecturer
Lecturer
MBChB, MSc.
Senior Lecturer
Lecturer
Lecturer
Lecturer
Department of Physiology:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Dr. M. Ebuk
Dr. J.N. Kasolo
MBChB, MSc.
MBChB, MSc.
14
Department of Medicine:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Dr. E. Mbidde
Dr. E. Kigonya
Dr. M. Okot-Nwang
Dr. Jackson Oryem
MBChB, Mmed.
MBChB, Mmed.
MBChB, Mmed.
MBChB, Mmed.
MBChB, Mmed.
Department of Psychiatry:
Dr. Musisi Segane
BUDGET:
Source of Funding:
Tuition fee (Ugandans):
1,500,000= P x 7 students
Total income
10,500,000=
EXPENDITURE:
Particulars
Qty
Rate
a) Teaching
b) Administration
c) Examination
Amount (Shs)
300,000=
20 reams
6No.
20 reams
12 dozens
10 dozens
7,500
150,000
7,500
12,000
10,000
7 boxes
4 boxes
8 pkts
8 boxes
6 No.
4,000
4,000
6,000
50,000
150,000
150,000=
900,000=
150,000=
144,000=
100,000=
40,000=
28,000=
16,000=
48,000=
400,000=
900,000=
7,324,000=
10,500,000=
15
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