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  • International and Global Environment: The Environment of Organization

    Enviado por

    Mehmet Kırgözoğlu
    23 visualizações10 páginas
    The document discusses the environment of organizations, including the general environment and interorganizational network (task environment). The general environment comprises cultural, social, legal, political, economic, technological, and physical sectors. The task environment includes unions, suppliers, special interest groups, competitors, partners, customers, and regulatory agencies. The document also summarizes several theories of the organization-environment relationship, including contingency theory, resource dependence theory, population ecology theory, and institutional theory.

    Descrição original:

    ORGANIZATION THEORY AND MANAGEMET

    Título original

    02_ENV

    Direitos autorais

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT ou leia online no Scribd

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    The document discusses the environment of organizations, including the general environment and interorganizational network (task environment). The general environment comprises cultural, social, legal, political, economic, technological, and physical sectors. The task environment includes unions, suppliers, special interest groups, competitors, partners, customers, and regulatory agencies. The document also summarizes several theories of the organization-environment relationship, including contingency theory, resource dependence theory, population ecology theory, and institutional theory.

    Direitos autorais:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Baixe no formato PDF, TXT ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    23 visualizações10 páginas

    International and Global Environment: The Environment of Organization

    Enviado por

    Mehmet Kırgözoğlu
    The document discusses the environment of organizations, including the general environment and interorganizational network (task environment). The general environment comprises cultural, social, legal, political, economic, technological, and physical sectors. The task environment includes unions, suppliers, special interest groups, competitors, partners, customers, and regulatory agencies. The document also summarizes several theories of the organization-environment relationship, including contingency theory, resource dependence theory, population ecology theory, and institutional theory.

    Direitos autorais:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Baixe no formato PDF, TXT ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    de 10

    Dr.

    Serdar KALE
    IZMIR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
    ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
    ORGANIZATION THEORY AND MANAGEMET 02

    The Environment of Organization


    International and Global Environment

    The general Environment


    Cultural sector

    Historical background, ideologies values and norms of society

    Social sector

    Class structure, mobility patterns, life styles and demographics

    Legal sector

    Constitutional considerations, nature of legal system, specific laws

    Political sector

    General political climate

    Economic sector

    General economic framework, private vs. public ownership, banking system

    Technological sector

    The level of scientific and technological advancement in society

    Physical sector
    The nature, quantity and quality of natural resources, climate

    Dr. Serdar KALE


    IZMIR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
    ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
    ORGANIZATION THEORY AND MANAGEMET 02

    Interorganizational Network (Task Environment)


    Unions
    Suppliers
    Special interest groups
    Competitors
    Partners
    Customers
    Regulatory agencies

    Dr. Serdar KALE


    IZMIR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
    ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
    ORGANIZATION THEORY AND MANAGEMET 02

    Theories of organization environment relations


    Contingency Theory (Burns and Stalker, 1961; Lawrence & Lorsch, 1967)
    Mechanistic vs. Organic Organizations
    Differentiation vs. Integration
    Resource Dependence Theory

    (Pfeffer & Salacik, 1978)

    Power and dependence relationships


    Inputs (capital, raw material, labor, customers, knowledge and
    equipment)
    Criticality
    Scarcity
    Buffer
    Boundary spanning

    Population Ecology

    (Hannan and Freeman, 1974)

    Darwins survival of the fittest principle


    Generalist vs. Specialist
    Variation the birth of an organization
    Selection environment selects organizations on basis of fitness
    Retention survival of an organization

    Dr. Serdar KALE


    IZMIR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
    ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
    ORGANIZATION THEORY AND MANAGEMET 02

    Institutional Theory

    (Selznick, 1957; Meyer and Rowan, 1977; DiMaggio and Powell, 1983)

    Institutionalization the process by which actions are repeated and given similar
    by self and others
    Rationalized myths
    Isomorphism
    Coercive institutional pressures - Legal Political Influences
    Normative institutional pressures - Cultural Influences
    Mimetic institutional pressures - Social Influences
    Social Legitimacy

    Dr. Serdar KALE


    IZMIR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
    ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
    ORGANIZATION THEORY AND MANAGEMET 02

    ECONOMY A

    ECONOMY B

    ECONOMY D

    ECONOMY C

    ECONOMY F

    Dr. Serdar KALE


    IZMIR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
    ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
    ORGANIZATION THEORY AND MANAGEMET 02

    ECONOMY A

    NETWORK

    ORG

    GENERAL ENVIRONMENT

    Dr. Serdar KALE


    IZMIR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
    ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
    ORGANIZATION THEORY AND MANAGEMET 02

    PHYSICAL
    FACTORS

    SOCIAL
    FACTORS
    TECHNOLOGICAL
    FACTORS

    LEGAL
    FACTORS

    NETWORK

    ORG

    ECONOMIC
    FACTORS
    POLITICAL
    FACTORS

    CULTURAL
    FACTORS

    Dr. Serdar KALE


    IZMIR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
    ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
    ORGANIZATION THEORY AND MANAGEMET 02

    INTERORGANIZATIONAL NETWORK

    A
    C

    F
    ORG

    Dr. Serdar KALE


    IZMIR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
    ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
    ORGANIZATION THEORY AND MANAGEMET 02

    INPUTS

    TRANSFORMATION
    PROCESS

    OUTPUTS

    FEEDBACK / CONTROL

    Dr. Serdar KALE


    IZMIR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
    ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
    ORGANIZATION THEORY AND MANAGEMET 02

    KEY CONCEPTS OF SYSTEMS THEORY


    Sub systems or components
    Holism, synergism, organicism and gestalt
    Open systems vs. closed systems
    Input - Transformation - Output Model
    System boundaries
    Steady state, dynamic equilibrium and homeostasis
    Feedback
    Hierarchy
    Internal elaboration
    Multiple goal seeking
    Equifinality of open systems

    10

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