Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Saidakhmad Kurbonov
Colonel, Deputy Head of Organization and Revision Directorate, Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Tajikistan
“I and my colleagues from 12 countries were particularly interested in the implementation of humani-
tarian norms in the national legislation, of norms which regulate counter-terrorist operations, as well as
issues of applying humanitarian norms in situations below the threshold of armed conflicts (disorder,
tensions).
I think that the outcomes of the Forum can help prevent violations of humanitarian norms in many
© ICRC countries, which will be beneficial to mankind as a whole.”
Shirin Akhmedova
Director, National Institute of Democracy and Human Rights, Turkmenistan
“The Turkmen participants were particularly interested in issues treated in the working group which dealt
with the implementation of humanitarian norms in the national legislation. Our country is currently con-
ducting cardinal reforms, which include further development of the national legal basis. One of the main
components of renewing Turkmenistan’s legal system is bringing it in conformity with international norms,
which our neutral State is party to.
Uzbekistan
In September 2009, the ICRC delegates living conditions of detainees, par-
resumed visits to places of detention. ticularly those of security detainees, Facts and figures
On the basis of the agreement signed women, minors and foreigners. Fol-
with the authorities of Uzbekistan in lowing the visits, verbal confidential Uzbekistan
2001, the ICRC delegates visited per- representations and recommendations • 11635 detainees visited in 2009,
sons detained in places of detention on detainees’ treatment and condi- of whom 708 monitored individ-
under the authority of the GUIN (peni- tions of detention were made to the ually (among them – 57 women)
tentiary department), including penal detaining authorities through regular during 18 visits to 10 places of
colonies and some pre-trial facilities in meetings. detention
accordance with the Institution’s stan- Moreover, the ICRC supported the
dard working procedures. detainees in re-establishing and main- • 56 RCMs were collected from
and 21 RCMs distributed to de-
The visits were made with a purpose taining contact with family members
tainees
of assessing the treatment, health and through the exchange of RCMs.
Kyrgyzstan
Throughout the year the ICRC visited Interior, including police stations, pre- tions of detainees, with particular atten-
people held in places of detention un- trial detention facilities, and penal colo- tion being given to security detainees,
der the authority of the Ministries of nies. These visits endeavoured to assess women, minors, foreigners and detain-
Justice (Penitentiary Department) and the treatment, health and living condi- ees sentenced to life imprisonment.
Continued on page 3
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ICRC IN CENTRAL ASIA: FACT SHEET 2010
Continued from page 2
The ICRC continued to inform the The Institution supported detainees in Facts and figures
authorities about its observations, reestablishing and maintaining fam-
Kyrgyzstan
giving recommendations through ily contacts through the exchange of
confidential reports and regular Red Cross Family Messages (RCMs). • 7,600 detainees visited in 2009,
meetings, aimed at improving li- This work was carried out in coopera- of whom 86 monitored individu-
ving conditions and treatment of tion with the Red Crescent Society of ally (among them – 2 women;
detainees. Kyrgyzstan. 1 minor), during 70 visits to 33
Contributing to the struggle against tuberculosis (TB) in places of places of detention
detention • 58 RCMs were collected from
and 42 RCMs distributed to de-
tainees
• 2,796 detainees benefited from
renovation projects aimed at an
improvement of conditions of
detention
• 5 family visits were organised
with support of the ICRC and
the Kyrgyz Red Crescent Soci-
ety for the detainees and their
family members
• Female detainees received hy-
giene kits from the ICRC to
© ICRC support their sanitary needs
A patient taking his medicine in the presence of Ryskul Cholusheva, ICRC Bishkek
medical field officer.
The prevalence of multi-resistant tu- of Health and Justice, later with the and treatment activities, and distribu-
berculosis (MDR TB) in Kyrgyzstan GSIN (Penitentiary Department un- ted medication to detainees to mini-
remained one of the highest in the der the Prime Minister), to strength- mize the side effects of the medication
world, posing a serious threat to the en the latter’s capacities to bring TB used in the DOTS-plus programme
success of TB-control activities both under control in places of detention as well as food supplementing their
within and outside prisons. Follow- through the DOTS-plus programme. existing diet.
ing an internal review of the MDR (DOTS stands for “Directly Observed The Deputy Medical Head of GSIN
TB programme, the ICRC decided to Therapy, Short-course” and is a major participated in a World Health or-
reinforce its human resources to fur- plank in the WHO global TB eradica- ganization’s (WHO) course on TB
ther enhance technical support to the tion programme. “DOTS-Plus” is an management in Riga, Latvia, and one
authorities. extension of the DOTS programme to nurse and one laboratory specialist of
Together with its national and inter- include the treatment of MDR TB). GSIN took part in a WHO course on
national partners, the ICRC pursued The ICRC assisted the GSIN in the MDR TB in Tartu, Estonia – with the
a constant dialogue with the Ministry supervision of detection, diagnostic support of the ICRC.
www.icrc.org/rus 3
ICRC IN CENTRAL ASIA: FACT SHEET 2010
Turkmenistan
The Turkmen authorities and the in Turkmenistan. In this framework, cedures and its humanitarian assess-
ICRC pursued a dialogue with a view the Delegation organised a series of ment of the material conditions and
of possibly concluding an agreement 3 seminars for penitentiary authorities the treatment in places of detention.
on ICRC visits to persons detained and staff on its standard visiting pro-
4
ICRC IN CENTRAL ASIA: FACT SHEET 2010
Although the States of Central Asia Construction under the President (Uz- terial Commission for the Implemen-
are party to many IHL treaties, mech- bekistan, November 2009). tation of International Obligations of
anisms for the integration of the inter- The President of Kazakhstan signed Turkmenistan in the Sphere of Hu-
national norms into the corresponding a law on the ratification of the Ad- man Rights (Human Rights Commis-
national legislation remains in many ditional Protocol III. Exchange of sion) has begun. The National Insti-
cases to be achieved. correspondence as well as working tute of Democracy and Human Rights
meetings continued between the au- under the President of Turkmenistan
In 2009:
thorities of Kazakhstan and the ICRC and the ICRC have agreed to orga-
• Representatives of Kazakhstan, on specific points of the draft Head- nize in January 2010 a Round Table
Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turk- quarters Agreement formalizing the for representatives of various govern-
menistan shared experiences in ICRC’s presence in the country. ment institutions who would become
the Second Regional Seminar on In Turkmenistan, work on the estab- members of the Working group under
IHL Implementation in St Peters- lishment of a permanent Working the umbrella of the existing Human
burg, Russian Federation; Group on IHL within the Inter-Minis- Rights Commission.
• The lower Chamber of Tajiki-
stan’s Parliament adopted a Law
on the status of the National So-
ciety;
• Representatives of ministries
and other state bodies of Ka-
zakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan
participated in the International
Forum “Contemporary Chal-
lenges to Humanitarian Norms”
in Astana, November 2009.
In Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, guest
lectures on IHL and the International
Red Cross and Red Crescent Move-
ment were conducted for civil ser-
vants – students of the Academy of © ICRC
Public Administration under the Pres-
ident (Kazakhstan, October 2009) Representatives of 12 countries of Central Asia and Eastern Europe discuss “Contemporary
and the Academy of State and Social Challenges to Humanitarian Norms” during the International Forum in Astana
Armed Forces
Representatives of the Central Asian measures required to ensure the per- specific trainings to senior officers of
Defence Ministries held around ten manent integration of IHL norms into the General Staff of the Ministries of
meetings with the ICRC military ex- the decision making process of the Defence of the five countries of Cen-
pert based in the region on specific armed forces. The ICRC delivered tral Asia. In Kyrgyzstan and Tajiki-
Continued on page 6
www.icrc.org/rus 5
ICRC IN CENTRAL ASIA: FACT SHEET 2010
Continued from page 5
stan the operational commands have
taken up their role in this regard and
have initiated the work on the assess-
ment of the documents that refer to
the standard principles which guide
the action of arms carriers at strategic,
operational and tactical levels.
Police and Security Forces
The evaluation to ascertain the extent
to which relevant international stan-
dards applicable to policing, in par-
ticular as concerns law enforcement
operations, are integrated into train-
ing programmes and standard operat-
ing procedures of police and security
forces in the region continued. Dis-
cussions took place with the Chief
of Staff of the Ministry of Internal
Affairs of Tajikistan and workshops
have been conducted with the Interior
© ICRC Troops of the Ministry of Internal Af-
fairs of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan on
The ICRC Armed and Security Forces Delegate discusses issues of integration of IHL in the issues regarding crowd control and
Armed Forces. Almaty, Kazakhstan.
the appropriate use of force.
In parallel to the integration of IHL and humanitarian principles in educational Standards and curricula, the ICRC
is pursuing its undertaking, initiated more than 10 years ago to contribute to the establishment and consolidation
of pools of educational and academic experts, who have been receiving institutional training on international hu-
manitarian law at partner educational institutions – potential centres of IHL expertise – with a view to promoting
the humanitarian norms in their societies and becoming regular advisors to their national authorities.
A Framework Agreement between the cation institutions of the Kyrgyz Re- To achieve sustainable development
Ministry of Education, the Kyrgyz public” was signed on 30 December of teaching IHL basics, in April 2009
Red Crescent Society and the ICRC 2008. This Agreement ensures teach- the Tajik Ministry of Education and
“On cooperation in the organization ing of IHL in secondary schools and Science, the Tajik Red Crescent So-
of dissemination of knowledge on in- universities and the maintenance of ciety and the ICRC signed a trilateral
ternational humanitarian law and its IHL in the relevant State educational Cooperation Agreement on the dis-
teaching in secondary and higher edu- standards. semination and teaching of IHL in the
Continued on page 7
6
ICRC IN CENTRAL ASIA: FACT SHEET 2010
Continued from page 6
institutions of secondary and higher
education of Tajikistan.
In Kazakhstan, the Republican In-Ser-
vice Training Institute along with the
Kazakh Red Crescent Society is devel-
oping a plan of activities to study the
experience of adapting and integrat-
ing IHL modules’ materials, originally
prepared by ICRC, into the teaching
process at secondary schools.
In Uzbekistan, the interaction between
the ICRC and the Ministry of Higher
and Secondary Special Education in
the area of improving academic cur-
ricula in secondary education helped
to maintain the level of teaching IHL
© ICRC
basics.
In order to increase the attention of School children in Tajikistan learn humanitarian norms
authorities on IHL integration into the
pre-military training curricula and its cluded memoranda of understanding • 8 professors from partner univer-
practical learning, the ICRC conduct- with the ICRC to ensure the sustain- sities in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
ed the Fourth Regional Pre-Military ability of IHL teaching. In order to Tajikistan and Uzbekistan partici-
Training Seminar for Military Lyce- ensure that young lecturers and se- pated in “The Martens Readings”
ums in March 2009. Moreover, dia- nior students from universities in the Scientific Conference (St. Peters-
logues were held in the form of round region acquired knowledge about burg, June 2009);
IHL:
tables for authorities (Kazakhstan,
• 15 professors from Central Asian
Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan), • about 150 students and lecturers partner universities participated in
curriculum developers (Tajikistan, participated in IHL courses in Ka- the International Forum “Contem-
Uzbekistan), trainings of trainers for zakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, porary Challenges to Humanitar-
the Exploring Humanitar-ian Law Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan run ian Norms” (Astana, November
(EHL) project (Kazakhstan), com- by the ICRC in collaboration with 2009);
petitions among pupils and teachers local partner universities;
(Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan)
•6 teams from universities in the • 10 students from partner univer-
for maintaining interaction with edu- sities took part in the Internation-
region took part in the 12th Mar-
cational authorities. al Student Scientific Conference
tens IHL Moot Court Competition on IHL (Yerevan, November
A number of universities in Kazakh- (Moscow, May 2009); 2009).
stan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan con-
www.icrc.org/rus 7
ICRC IN CENTRAL ASIA: FACT SHEET 2010
► Protocol IV to the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons
which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects – 15 years
► Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children
in Armed Conflict – 10 years
► Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Adoption of
an Additional Distinctive Emblem (Protocol III) – 5 years
Contact details:
ICRC Regional Delegation ICRC Mission in Dushanbe ICRC IN CENTRAL ASIA
in Central Asia 71, Sovetskaya Str., Dushanbe, FACT SHEET 2010, ISSUE № 2
28, Abdurashidova Str., Tashkent, Tajikistan, 734001 Design: Olga Baklykova
Uzbekistan, 100084 Tel: (992 37) 221 68 23 Format 60x84/8. Offset printing.
Tel: (998 71) 120 52 90/91/92/93/94 Fax: (992 37) 251 00 53 800 copies.
Fax: (998 71) 120 52 97 E-mail: dushanbe.dus@icrc.org
E-mail: tachkent.tac@icrc.org ICRC Office in Almaty
ICRC Mission in Bishkek 86, Kunaeva Str., Almaty,
1/131, Bokonbaeva Str., Bishkek, Kazakhstan, 050010
© ICRC, Regional Delegation in Central
Kyrgyzstan, 720040 Tel: (727) 291 88 38
Asia – 2010, All rights reserved. The
Tel: (996 312) 30 07 72, 30 08 82 Fax: (727) 291 42 67
reference to the edition is obligatory in
Fax: (996 312) 30 08 37 ICRC Office in Ashgabat case of reprinting any material.
E-mail: bishkek.bik@icrc.org 1/116, 2022 Str., Ashgabat, Turkmeni-
stan, 744000
Tel/Fax: (99 312) 35 11 19
www.icrc.org/rus