Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
I.
Settlements
At the end of the vision period, i.e., 2035, the population of Guimaras
will reach 195,988. Buenavista will have the highest share while Sibunag will
have the least share.
I.
Physical Resources
A. Topography and Slope
5.
Climate
Land Classification
Land Suitability
Protection Areas
1. National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS)
Guimaras has only one protected area under the NIPAS category, the
Taklong Island National Marine Reserve (TINMR). Located in the municipality
of Nueva Valencia at the southern tip of the island, it covers 41 islets and the
coastline barangays of Lapaz and San Roque. It has an aggregate area of
approximately 1,143.45 hectares consisting of 183 hectares of terrestrial
area and 960.45 hectares of brackish and marine water. It was placed under
protected area status by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 525 signed
by then president Corazon C. Aquino last February 8, 1990. Prior to its
proclamation, the area was categorized as unclassified public forest.
Currently, the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) has proposed the
Marine Reserve to be classified as Taklong-Tandog Island Protected
Landscape and Seascape category.
The University of the Philippines in the Visayas has established a
marine biological station in 1963 and currently serves as a laboratory for
researches and studies. It was the UPV that initiated and spearheaded the
proposal for the proclamation of the area as a national marine reserve.
The islets are covered with indigenous plant species such as Molave,
Talisay, Pandan, Pitogo, Kamachile, Patino, Dangkalan and Duhat. Along the
mangrove swamps are Bakawan trees, Bantigue, Pandan-dagat, Api-api,
Bungalon and Pagatpat. Wildlife species found in the area are; dog-face bat,
varanus lizard and bird species that include pied fantail, yellow vented
bulbul, olive brown sun bird, pink-beaked green pigeon, pied thriller, white
collared kingfisher, Philippine glossy startling, pigmy swiftlet, brown dove,
slender-billed crow, pyal thrush, green-winged ground dove, plain-throated
sunbird, white breasted wood swallow, Philippine coucal, night jar, blacknaped tern and little pied flycatcher. Sightings of migratory Tabon birds that
come to the area to lay eggs were also reported.
The islets are covered with secondary growth and indigenous plant
species and some planted trees and agricultural crops by previous settlers.
There are approximately 26 hectares of developed fishponds along the
coastline facing the marine reserve while the rest of the mainland is
generally agricultural lands.
1. Non-NIPAS AREAS
i.
Slope above 50 percent
The Municipalities of Jordan and Buenavista are the only two
municipalities that have a slope range of 50 percent and above. It is located
on the western portion of the island facing Iloilo City. It is calculated to be
0.31 percent of the total land area of the province with almost 50 percent are
found in the Municipality of Jordan and the rest are in Buenavista.
i.
Mangrove Forests
A study by Edgardo Gomez in 1980 citing previously compiled data in
1976 which provided an estimate of mangrove cover in Iloilo Province, of
which Guimaras used to be a sub-province revealed that mangrove cover
was about 1,043.2 hectares. Basing on 1995 data however, the total
mangrove cover in the entire island now stands at about 395.6 hectares. Of
this amount, mangroves still exist in 269.3 hectares (68.07 percent) in
Sibunag and remain in 54.4 hectares (13.75 percent) in Nueva Valencia.
Moreover, they also occur in 39.5 hectares (10 percent) in Buenavista, in
16.6 hectares (4.20 percent) in Jordan and in 15.8 hectares (4 percent) in
San Lorenzo. It is worth noting that out of the 269.3 hectares of mangrove in
Sibunag, 210 hectares is in Inampologan Island.
The analysis suggest that the resulting rate of exploitation or clearing
is about 34.6 hectares per year and that the depletion rate of mangrove
cover did not change for almost two decades.
1. Areas Prone to Natural Hazards
i.
Faults
Four out of five municipalities of the province have presence of
faultlines namely; Jordan, Nueva Valencia, Sibunag and San Lorenzo.
The flood prone areas are located in some areas of the island, in
Barangay Poblacion fronting Jordan Central School and Jordan Municipal Hall,
Barangay Tastasan in the Municipality of Buenavista and in Sitio Tinuslukan,
Barangay Dolores, Nueva Valencia.
i.
Coastal Zones
Guimaras is an island province consists of mainland, several
islands and clusters of islets. The coastal perimeter of the mainland is
measured to be 300.48 kilometers while that of the other islands and islets
have a total length of 169.44 kilometers. Most of the islets are found in the
Municipality of Nueva Valencia.
i.
Fish and Marine Sanctuaries
Falling under the Protected Areas Under the NIPAs Law (RA 7586),
is the Taklong Island National Marine Reserve or Taklong-Tandog Protected
Seascape in Barangays La Paz and San Roque, Nueva Valencia. This area is
considered as marine sanctuary and a marine research center. There are also
locally declared marine sanctuaries like the:
Marine Turtle Sanctuary Barangay Lawi, Jordan
Toyo Reef Fish Sanctuary Guiwanon, Nueva Valencia
Tumalintinan Fish Sanctuary Suclaran, San Lorenzo
i.
Other ECAs
Other parts of the protected areas are the 500m mountain buffers
comprising the three tall mountains in central part of the island having a
total area of 765.49 hectares, and the 20m river easements calculated at
761.70 hectares
1. Other Environmentally constrained areas
i.
Soil erosion
About 57 percent of the total area of Guimaras suffers from
moderate soil while 8 percent is severely eroded. Only 16.90 percent of land
area has no apparent erosion.
i.
Areas with Difficult Source of Ground Water
important local factors which could accelerate the growth potentials of the
identified industries.
I.
Tourism Sector
Tourism is identified as one of the strong performers with high
potentials for contributing to local economic growth in Guimaras.
Negros Occidental tops the share, with almost 36 percent, of the total
visitors arrivals in Region 6 in 2007 (1,977,850) and this is primarily due to
its MICE attractions Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and Exhibitions
(MICE). Aklan with its Boracay ranks 2nd with 31 percent. Iloilo which ranks
3rd with 21 percent, also has the MICE and heritage assets.
Guimaras ranks 4th, getting 8 percent of the total visitors arrivals.
However, Guimaras has an advantage and potential for growth due to its
relatively
varied
tourism
attractions
and
potentials
like
beaches/resorts/islets, festivals mostly community-based, religious sites/
activities, nature, historical and agri/farm sites.
Tourism is a growing industry in the island province of Guimaras. The
visitors arrivals have increasing trend from 2000 until 2005 with average
annual growth rate of 25 percent. However, with the Petron Oil Spill tragedy
in August 11, 2006 the visitor arrivals decreased in the succeeding two years
by an average of 7.3 percent annually. For the over-all trend from 20002007, the average annual growth rate of visitors arrivals is 16 percent. On
the average, domestic visitors account for 97.4 percent of the total tourists
arrivals while only 2.6 percent is foreign visitors. For the same period, the
percentage of foreign tourists out of the total visitor arrivals has also
increased by an average of 1 percent annually.
The 2005-2007 visitor arrivals totaling to 511,323 contributed an
annual average of 10 percent to the total regional visitor arrivals and 0.54
percent to the regional tourist receipts. Locally, the visitor arrivals
contributed an annual average of 170 million pesos tourist receipts to the
Guimaras economy.
Tourism has generated various significant forward and backward
economic activities and employment in the island. There are 35
resortsHOTELS /pension inns, 34 tourism related producers, 774 land
transport and 79 pumpboat operators, and 19 tour guides, tour attendants
and tour assistants.
Although the exact contributions of tourism cannot be accounted for, the
results of the 2000 Total Family Income by Household Head and by Kind of
Industry as previously discussed have supported tourisms great contribution
to the local economy. In addition, the resulting location quotients (LQ) shown
in the following table reflect that the Wholesale and Retail and Other
Services both under the Services Industry, as well as the Construction
Business have greater than 1 LQs, meaning they have positive association
which suggests that they are providing more than local requirements and
could be an export-oriented or marketable to foreigners kind of industry, or
be an economic base industries. Likewise, the Provincial Product
Account/Gross Domestic Product (PPA/GDP) for 2002-2004 of Guimaras has
somehow reflected this likelihood as can be seen in the growth rates in the
construction, and services sector particularly in transport, communication
and storage, trade, finance and private services.
I.
Agriculture and Fishery Sector
Agriculture and Fishery Sector focused on specific crops or products
like mango, cashew, other fruits and nuts and fisheries including seaweeds,
has economic potentials which will significantly contribute to the increase in
the Industry Sector and ultimately in the best performing economic industry
in the province which is the Services Sector specifically the Wholesale and
Retail and Other Services.
Mango production is one of the provinces economic potentials. Mango
is the provinces export winner commodity. Guimaras mangoes have been
accredited by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal
and Plant Health Inspection Services (APHIS) and by Australian Quarantine
Inspection Service (AQIS) as the only mangoes that can be exported to the
mainland US and Australia. The Province has a total area of 5,202.8 ha
planted to mango and a tree population 250,043 as of 2007 with 7,555 total
growers. In terms of tree population per municipality Buenavista shared 50
percent and the lowest is San Lorenzo with 9.3 percent.
In terms of mango production, although the potential could reach up to
19,000 MT annually, however not all trees are ready for induction every
year. Only roughly 60-70 percent of the total bearing may be induced for the
year. Based on the latest 3-year data, the highest recorded production was in
2007 - 12,467 MT, next was 2006- 12,020 MT and 2005 - 10,902 MT. A
remarkable decrease in production can be noted in 2006 due to continuous
occurrence of rain during the production season. In terms of the provinces
production performance compared with the neighboring provinces, Guimaras
ranks 3rd with Iloilo as the lead producer with 27,109 MT, followed by Negros
Occidental with 15,436 MT. However, Guimaras ranks first in terms of
production of export quality fruit. Negros Occidental is considered as one of
Guimaras big local markets since about 20 percent of its production is being
shipped there.
Cashew production is another economic potential. Cashew, locally
termed as kasuy is a new emerging commodity and has high potential for
both local and export market. The demand for cashew in the export market
is huge and promising especially for the unprocessed cashews. Many traders
and exporters from Metro Manila demand for it. Back in 2005, the provinces
local cashew producers had the chance to participate in an International
Food Exhibition organized by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI).
The producers were met with inquiries from investors of Lebanon and Israel
interested in placing orders at 2 - 5 tons per month. They found the
requirements of the said investors easier to meet in comparison with the
requirements of the investors from China requiring a 214-footer van per
month of packed cashews which obviously the locals cannot meet for lack of
capacities to produce the volume. Current production is just dominantly
backyard type with few farms on orchard type.
I.
capacity of 10 tons per 1.5 month cycle from 12 hectares. Prior to the oil spill
tragedy, it reached 16-20 tons. Currently, it is working its way towards
recovery. Thus far, its capacity is at 12 tons now and targeting to exceed 20
tons, above the peak of its past performance.
There is a lack of planting materials however to hasten economic
recovery in Sibunag. The Philippine Business for Social Progress (PBSP) and
Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) through its SelfEmployment Assistance Kaunlaran (SEA-K) Program provided support for
the seaweed rehabilitation efforts through its purchases of needed planting
materials locally sourced, from the town of San Lorenzo.
The General Impact of the Seaweed Industry. The municipality of
Sibunag is successful with its project developing quite fast as expected. In
less than a year, it was able to sell in big volumes and break into the markets
of Cebu with its dried seaweed. The industry has steadily improved and has
sustained the income sources of seaweed growers which started with 18
registered members in 2004 to 218 in 2006. As it was not much affected by
the oil tragedy compared to other coastal barangays such as in Nueva
Valencia, the industry complemented with the resiliency of the townfolks is
fast recovering and expected to exceed its past peak performance.
The municipality of Nueva Valencia has been likewise successful in
seaweed farming. It pursued the standard marketing and pricing strategies
as Sibunag did; in fact it embarked on the program prior to the time Sibunag
did and initially generated substantial employment opportunities for
shoreline communities. Without intending, illegal fishing, that is, fishing using
dynamite and cyanide, has now become a history in the municipality.
All households at the shorelines of the town were positioned to
increasingly augment incomes from this livelihood opportunity. Progress was
anticipated to be high, higher than in Sibunag but this was however
interrupted by the solar oil spill tragedy in 2006 as this town was first and
worst hit.
Nonetheless, as of 2008, the municipality is trying to move forward.
Inspired by the resiliency of Sibunag, it is reviving the industry at the same
time taking advantage of new opportunities presented to the town after the
tragedy.
What makes the seaweed different from the past undertaking is that
the farmers are now looking beyond being mere providers of materials to
traders with the substantial income of seaweeds farming going to the latter
while the seaweeds farmers themselves are not getting enough.
From a low seaweed unit selling price of P4.00, the farmers using the
farmer-entrepreneurship approach achieved getting an average seaweed
selling price of P28.00. Farmers sell their dried seaweed to the association
itself, their recognized group, the one that brings and sells the seaweed to
Cebu wherein it is sold at P38.00, a mark up of P10.00. The income of course
goes back to the association members which effectively increased the subsectors income level.
I.
Industry Sector
about 2.5 km. in length and Guimaras Strait from Negros. The
origin/destination point in Iloilo City are located in Ortiz Street and Parola for
pumpboats and Muelle Loney for ferryboats, both with regular trips. Travel
time is about 15 to 20 minutes. There are regular trips from Guimaras via
San Lorenzo, with five pumpboats to Negros Occidental and vice-versa via
Pulupandan and Valladolid. Pumpboats, because of their size and speed,
have the advantage over the ferry in terms of the number of trips made, at
most six trips per day. They may also be hired for special trips.
The major wharves in the province are the following:
Jordan Wharf, Rizal, Jordan
MacArthur Wharf, Sto. Rosario, Buenavista
Tacay Wharf, Tacay, Buenavista
percent. Among the 6 provinces in the region, Guimaras has the lowest total
family income with only 1.7 percent of the regional total in 1997 and almost
2 percent in 2000. Guimaras total family income was only 0.10 percent and
0.12 percent of the total family income in the Philippines in 1997 and 2000,
respectively.
The average family income of Guimaras in 1997 was P74,003, second
lowest in the region next to Negros Occidental. This figure was lower by 14.7
percent from the regional average. However, this increased annually by
12.2 percent and reached P101,125 in 2000 and this time Guimaras became
the second highest in the region next to Iloilo. Yet the 2000 figure was still
below the regional average by 7.7 percent, though the gap has reduced by 7
percentage points.
Both the 1997 and 2000 average family income of Guimaras were all
lower than the national average.
The real per capita income of Guimarasnon in 1997 was P14,440, it
increased annually by an average of 3.8 percent and reached P16,702 in
2000 which is above the annual per capita poverty thresholed of P10,759.00
Guimaras was the second lowest from among the provinces in the region in
1997 and third highest in 2000. Guimaras real per capita incomes in 1997
and 2000 were lower than the national figures.
1. Social Services
Medical transportation like ambulance and service vehicles (vans,
multicabs) are also available in every local government units even at most
barangays.
i.
Infant with low birth weight
The rates of infants with low birthweight have been erratic from 20052007. But it decreased tremendously from 8.8 in 2006 to 2.92 in 2007,
however a much lower rate was registered in 2005 with 2.83. The reasons for
the decrease in the infant with low birth weight maybe due to several public
health programs being implemented in the province in response to the
existing and emerging health problems of the people. These programs are
available in the RHUs and BHS.
i.
Morbidity and Mortality Rates
In 2007 as compared with 2006, there is reduction or improvement in
almost all health indices like the Crude Death Rate, Infant Mortality (lowest in
the region in 2007 and 2nd lowest in 2006), Maternal Mortality and Child
Mortality rates, Neonatal Death, Low Birth weight among newborn and
Fertility Rate. There is only a very slight increase in the Crude Birth Rate.
The top 10 leading causes of mortality in Guimaras in 2006 are also
the same, but with lower rates, with the regional causes (the only year when
regional data is available for comparison)
Comparing the morbidity rates of 2006 and 2007, 6 of the leading
causes have decreased: URTI, Acute LRTI and Pneumonia, UTI, Skin Diseases,
PTB and Anemia, the other 3 increased namely, Injuries, Hypertension and
Influenza.
Most of the top leading causes of mortality and morbidity are noncommunicable diseases, preventable and related to lifestyles.
i.
Proportion of Children 0-5 years old who died
The proportion deaths among children aged 0 to below 5 years old has
been decreasing from 15.33 in 2005 to 2.19 in 2007. This is a concrete
result of the interventions made by all stakeholders to improve the situation
of the children in Guimaras.
i.
Proportion of children 0-5 years old who are moderately and severely
underweight
In 2007, Buenavista has the highest percentage of children aged 0-71
months with Below Normal Low (BNL) and Below Normal Very Low (BNVL).
The good performers in 2006 and 2007 is Lorenzo.
From 2005 to 2007 there has been a decreasing trend in the
percentage shares of BNVL in the total combined rate from 3 percent to 1.32
percent and to 0.81 percent, respectively.
The nutritional status of children aged 0 to below 6 years old or 71
months has been improving with an average decrease of 3.94 percentage
points per year. This good result can be attributed largely to the various
programs/projects/activities that have been implemented by LGUs and
actively supported by the communities and encouraged them to improve
their family health practices or lifestyle.
i.
Fully Immunized Children
On FIC, Guimaras ranks number one (top 1) in 2005 as against the
other provinces in the region, but declined to number 5 in 2006 primarily
because of the change in the formula for computing the FIC which is from 3
percent at 85 percent coverage to 3 percent of the population and 100
percent coverage.
In 2005, Nueva Valencia has the highest percentage in terms of
implementing child care with 86.2 percent fully immunized children (FIC).
Behind is Sibunag with 66.4 percent FIC. In 2006, San Lorenzo has the
highest percentage of FIC while Sibunag has the lowest
i.
The 2007 Provincial Health Office Report shows that among the 32,621
total number of households provincewide, 29,193 or equivalent to 89.49
percent have access to drinking water of which 18.30 percent were served
by Level III system/facilities mostly in the urban areas, 4.67 percent by Level
II and 66.52 percent by Level I or point sources. Nueva Valencia has the
highest, 99.69 percent of households with access to drinking water but
Sibunag has the lowest with 71 percent. This would mean that 3,428
households, or 10.51 percent still have no access to safe water and these are
mostly located in remote rural areas.
The exploration and tapping of both ground and surface water sources
for use in domestic and commercial/industrial purposes will be pursued
under this plan. In line with this, all spring sources will be tapped to
establish Level III water supply systems to serve growth centers. Potential
ground water sources will also be explored for possible utilization through
applicable technologies that can effectively extract groundwater for
distribution. The present coverage of Level II systems will be expanded to
cover unserved areas while Level I systems will be upgraded. Eventually,
this plan aims to serve all growth centers and settlements with Level III
systems.
As of 2007, 86.41 percent of the total households have access to
sanitary toilets. This is a little bit lower compared with the 2006 figure, where
there is a decrease of 0.08 percentage points. This decline is caused by the
decrease in the percentages of San Lorenzo and Nueva Valencia most
probably due to the increase in number of new households and the
destruction of old, dilapidated/unusable toilets in which the structures are
usually made using light materials. Since 2005 until 2007, Buenavista has
the highest households with access to sanitary toilets while San Lorenzo has
the lowest
i.
Power/Electricity
Based on the Guimaras Electric Cooperatives (GUIMELCO) report of power
supply in the province, there are 97 percent of the 98 barangays are already
energized and 18,664 out of 29,354 potential consumers or 64 percent are
being served by electricity as of 2007. Buenavista has the highest number
of households energized while Sibunag has the least.
The Guimaras Electric Cooperative (GUIMELCO) provides the electricity
needs in the entire island. Power supply is transmitted through a 2.5 km
submarine power cable from a substation in Ingore La Paz, Iloilo City. The
substations power comes from the Palimpinon Geothermal Plant located in
Negros Oriental which is operated by the National Power Corporation (NPC).
With the Cooperatives capacity via the NPC of 5.0 Mega Watts, the
provinces power demand of 3.8 Mega Watts can be sufficiently provided.
However, due to the disturbances from bad weather, boat anchorage and
others, this submarine cable that transmits power from the substation in
Iloilo is susceptible to damage or disconnection. Thus, GUIMELCO resorts to
the Trans Asias Individual Power Plant with the capacity of only about 2.8
The Province of Guimaras has been endeavoring to become a childfriendly province where children are put at the center of the development
agenda of the LGUs and ensured that they enjoy all their children rights on
survival, development, protection and participation .This effort especially
started with the implementation of the child-friendly program since 1999.
The Women and Children Protection Desk in every municipality is
functional which means within the standard of one per LGU. The Barangay
Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) in 72 barangays are functional.
i.
Indigenous People
Poverty