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Biomedical signals are usually extracted from living organisms and in most
applications from human beings. The measured signals are processed to establish the
condition of the subject. Such processing finds extensive use in patient monitoring
and management systems. Processing of biomedical signals are also done for
resolution medical images, X- ray pictures, Ultrasound, CT, MRI pictures, Live
telephone line, a scanner and a camera. Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
services are traditionally being used for Telemedicine. A leased line or a VSAT link
can also be used. Actual choice would depend on cost, availability, reliability and
necessity. The telemedicine facilities are being expanded from big metropolitan cities
video conferencing equipment will help provide a physician where there was none
before.
These telemedicine facilities must also be brought to the reach of rural people
since there is a difficulty in retaining specialists in those areas. Also these facilities
must be affordable by the poor. This paper throws light on a cost competitive
alternative to telemedicine that utilises the normal telephone line and Dual Tone
DESCRIPTION
Bio- medical signals from patient monitoring aids such as single channel ECG and
The signals are fed to an 8- bit Analog to Digital Converter ADC0816 with a
conversion period of 100 micro seconds. Taking all other delays into cosideration,
sampling of these signals is performed at a rate of 200 samples per seecond. i.,e. one
in the memory. This is converted further into BCD. Thus both BCD and Hex formats
are available.
The Hex data is further fed to a CRT interface for viewing a monitor or to a Digital
The details of medical examination in the form of signals are made available with the
The BCD data is further unpacked and fed to a DTMF Transmitter 8880. Two
tones are produced for every digit. For 0- 9 , different sets of frequencies are
milli seconds. A delay of 40 milliseconds at the maximum and 20 milli seconds at the
by 3 BCD digits, a total of 600 BCD digits are to be sent on the line. At a
transmission rate of 80 milli second per digit, the time required to transmit 600 BCD
digits will be 48 seconds. Thus a cycle of one second signal can be transmitted in 48
seconds. Though the speed of transfer of signal is low, it can reach the expert within
200 kilometers radius costing only two calls according to the present tariff.
At the receiver, the tones received on the telephone line are converted back to
BCD digits by a DTMF receiver and its associated circuitry. The BCD digits are
Microcomputer with DAC interface may be used for observing the signal on a CRO.
The proposed system is primarily used for off-line signal transmission. The
sampling rate adopted may be set by default or user may choose his own sampling
rate synchronised with the receiver side. This step will ensure proper timing and
The above system has been implemented and tested. The sampled ECG values
from ADC are fed to a Microprocessor trainer. The sampled signal is observed on a
CRO for local monitoring. This signal is transmitted through DTMF tones and are
received by a DTMF receiver on the Expert’s end. The reconstructed signal on the
ECG WAVEFORM
5000
AMPLITUDE
Series1
0
Series2
115
134
153
20
39
58
77
96
1
-5000
TIME msec
Fig. 2
CONCLUSION
The proposed system is cost effective and simple to use. A patient who requires
monitoring at regular intervals can afford and use without travel. If this comes to
practical use, it provides a way to offer first aid at the patients home by a family
REFERENCES
- Willis J. Tompkins
- R S Khndpur