SEWER DESIGN CALCULATION

Waste Water Flow Rate

1. Average Flow

225 liters per person

225 x 1 x 10-3 m3/s

2. Peak Flow Factor =

4.7 / P 0.11 (P is estimated population equivalent

in thousand)

Hydraulic Design
1. Minimum Velocity
2. Maximum Velocity
3. Minimum Depth of Invert
4. Minimum Size of Sewer
5. Minimum Size of Laterals

= 0.8 m/s
= 4.0 m/s
= 1.5 m
= 225mm VCP
= 150mm VCP

Manholes
1. Distance between Manholes
Maximum 100m for sewer up to 225 mm diameter
2. Location of Manholes
Upstream end of all sewer
Every change in direction
Every change in gradient
Every change in size of sewer
All intersection and junction

Materials
Vitrified Clay Pipe (VCP) Sewers up to 225 mm diameter

METHOD OF CALCULATION
1. Design for Sewerage Flow Rate
Peak Flow, Q peak

= Average flow, Q average x Peak Flow Factor

= Q average x 4.7 / P 0.11

(NOTE: P is population Equivalent in Thousand)

2. Flow Data in Verified Clay Pipe

From Mannings Formula,
V = 1/n R 2/3 S 1/2

------------------------ (1)

From Continuity Equation.

Q=VA

------------------------

Applying (1) into (2)

Q = (1/n R 2/3 S ) A
Where

V = velocity (m/s)
R = hydraulic radius (m)
S = gradient
Q = capacity (m3/s)
A = cross-sectional area of pipe (m2)
n = Mannings coefficient (0.013 for VCP)

(2)