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The views expressed in this presentation are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian
Development Bank Institute (ADBI), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent.
ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their
use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.
Males
Females
In 2008:
In 2010:
In 2011:
Sub-decree 190, issued in August 2011 on Management of Sending Khmer Migrants to Work
Abroad through Private Recruitment Agency
In 2014:
Cost:
Demand and supply: less at official orders but more acceptance by giving opportunity to
illegal entrance of workers to be undocumented and legalized at the country destination.
Fast change of policy and not well informed of host country cause the source country
face challenging in migration management and development
Undocumented migrant flow and remittance flow system is under management process
Remittance is the rest from surviving, low skilled workers cannot earn much, therefore
not much money left to remit.
The demand mostly low skill workers,
Lack of protection to solve the issues of right violation and exploitation
RESPONSES
In October, 2011, Cambodia decided to stop sending domestic
workers to Malaysia, due to the violation against workers found so
serious.
In 2006, a sub decree on legal procedures for marriage between
Cambodian citizen and foreign citizen was in place.
A new policy to manage migration , sub decree # 190 established to
protect legal migrant workers rights
Among the huge number of Returned and deported Migrants from
Thailand in June 2014, almost 300.000 migrants, there are
approximately 30% are women.
RESPONSES
In 2008, Cambodia has adopted on new law on Suppression Human Trafficking and
Sexual Exploitation to be consistent with Palemo Protocol on suppression and punish
Trafficking in Persons, especially women and children with supplement the UN
convention on combating Organized Transnational Crime
In 2004, a Coordinated Mekong Ministerial Initiative against Trafficking in persons
(COMMIT), in Yangoon, Myanmar
In 2005, Cambodia COMMIT Taskforce, established
Member of ASEAN Senior Officials Meeting Transnational Crime.
Member of Australia- Asia Program to combat Trafficking in persons (ARTIP)
Member of ASEAN mutual legal assistant treaty in criminal matters (including TIP Cases)
MoUs on the collaboration for counter trafficking. Bi lateral and multilateral with relevant
countries in the region.
Policy recommendations
Need to strengthen collaboration and coordination between Sending and
receiving countries in order to have more responsibilities on the
management of migration flow and to ensure the safety and benefits of
migrant workers
Strengthen cooperation in assisting voluntary returnees to return safely
and access reintegration program in home country in order to enable them
to use their skills and knowledge gained from host country to promote
their living conditions.
Require more care from receiving countries to migrant workers who have
been abused at destination country so that they can release themselves
from risky situation.
Require more appropriate programs in source country to introduce wider
jobs market as informed choices
THANK YOU!