Insecticide Mode of Action Classification

CropLife, SA, IRAC working group

Each product label identifies the Insecticide Group Code on the front panel. The insecticides are allocated to specific
groups based on their target site. An effective resistance management strategy seeks to minimise the selection for
resistance for any one product. To achieve this objective :

Avoid exclusive repeated use of insecticides from the same Insecticide Group Code

Alternate or tank mix with products from different Insecticide Group Codes.

Integrate other control methods (chemical, cultural or biological) into insect control programmes.

Sub
Group Group

1*
2*

Primary Target Site of Action

A
B

Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors

GABA gated chloride channel antagonists

4*

8*

Fipronil (or Phenylpyrazoles?)

Sodium channel modulators
Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists/antagonists

Cartap, Bensultap

Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists (not group 4)

Spinosyns

Chloride channel activators

Avermectins, Milbemycins

Juvenile hormone mimics

Juvenile hormone analogues

Fenoxcarb

Pyriproxyfen

Compounds of unknown or non-specific

mode of action (fumigants)

13

Aluminium phosphide

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Cryolite

(selective feeding blockers)

Pymetrozine
Flonicamid

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Clofentezine, Hexythiazox

(mite growth inhibitors)

Etoxazole

A1

Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes

A2

transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins)

Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis

Bacillus thuringiensis var. sphaericus

B1

Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai

B2

Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki

C
12*

Methyl bromide
Sulfuryl fluoride

11*

Neonicotinoids
Nicotine

10*

Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT

B
9*

Cyclodiene organochlorines

B
5
6
7*

Carbamates
Organophosphates

B
3

Chemical Sub Group or

representative Active Ingredient

Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionensis

Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation disruptors of ATP

Diafenthiuron

formation

Organotin miticides

Uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of

Chlorfenapyr, DNOC

H proton gradient
14

Inhibition of mitochondrial ATPase

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type O, Lepidopteran

Propargite

15
16

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1, Homopteran

Buprofezin

17

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 2, Dipteran

Cyromazine

18

Ecdysone agonist / disruptor

Octopaminergic agonist

Diacylhydrazines

Site 11 electron transport inhibitors

Site 1 electron transport inhibitors

Hydramethylnon, Dicofol

19
20
21
22

Benzoylureas

Amitraz
METI acaricides, Rotenone

Voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker

Indoxacarb

23

Inhibitors of lipid synthesis

Tetronic acid derivatives

24
25

Site 111 electron transport inhibitors

Unknown mode of action

Acequinocyl, Fluacrypyrim
Azadirachtin, Bifenazate

Use Mode of Action wisely for good Insecticide Resistance Management, IRM.

Insecticide Mode of Action Classification

CropLife, SA, IRAC working group
Each product label identifies the Insecticide Group Code on the front panel. The insecticides are allocated to specific
groups based on their target site. An effective resistance management strategy seeks to minimise the selection for
resistance for any one product. To achieve this objective :

Avoid exclusive repeated use of insecticides from the same Insecticide Group Code

Alternate or tank mix with products from different Insecticide Group Codes.

Integrate other control methods (chemical, cultural or biological) into insect control programmes.

Sub
Group Group

1*
2*

Primary Target Site of Action

A
B

Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors

GABA gated chloride channel antagonists

4*

8*

Fipronil (or Phenylpyrazoles?)

Sodium channel modulators
Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists/antagonists

Cartap, Bensultap

Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists (not group 4)

Spinosyns

Chloride channel activators

Avermectins, Milbemycins

Juvenile hormone mimics

Juvenile hormone analogues

Fenoxcarb

Pyriproxyfen

Compounds of unknown or non-specific

mode of action (fumigants)

13

Aluminium phosphide

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Cryolite

(selective feeding blockers)

Pymetrozine
Flonicamid

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Clofentezine, Hexythiazox

(mite growth inhibitors)

Etoxazole

A1

Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes

A2

transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins)

Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis

Bacillus thuringiensis var. sphaericus

B1

Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai

B2

Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki

C
12*

Methyl bromide
Sulfuryl fluoride

11*

Neonicotinoids
Nicotine

10*

Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT

B
9*

Cyclodiene organochlorines

B
5
6
7*

Carbamates
Organophosphates

B
3

Chemical Sub Group or

representative Active Ingredient

Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionensis

Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation disruptors of ATP

Diafenthiuron

formation

Organotin miticides

Uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of

Chlorfenapyr, DNOC

H proton gradient
14

Inhibition of mitochondrial ATPase

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type O, Lepidopteran

Propargite

15
16

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1, Homopteran

Buprofezin

17

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 2, Dipteran

Cyromazine

18

Ecdysone agonist / disruptor

Octopaminergic agonist

Diacylhydrazines

Site 11 electron transport inhibitors

Site 1 electron transport inhibitors

Hydramethylnon, Dicofol

19
20
21
22

Benzoylureas

Amitraz
METI acaricides, Rotenone

Voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker

Indoxacarb

23

Inhibitors of lipid synthesis

Tetronic acid derivatives

24
25

Site 111 electron transport inhibitors

Unknown mode of action

Acequinocyl, Fluacrypyrim
Azadirachtin, Bifenazate

Use Mode of Action wisely for good Insecticide Resistance Management, IRM.

Insecticide Mode of Action Classification

CropLife, SA, IRAC working group
Each product label identifies the Insecticide Group Code on the front panel. The insecticides are allocated to specific
groups based on their target site. An effective resistance management strategy seeks to minimise the selection for
resistance for any one product. To achieve this objective :

Avoid exclusive repeated use of insecticides from the same Insecticide Group Code

Alternate or tank mix with products from different Insecticide Group Codes.

Integrate other control methods (chemical, cultural or biological) into insect control programmes.

Sub
Group Group

1*
2*

Primary Target Site of Action

A
B

Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors

GABA gated chloride channel antagonists

4*

8*

Fipronil (or Phenylpyrazoles?)

Sodium channel modulators
Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists/antagonists

Cartap, Bensultap

Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists (not group 4)

Spinosyns

Chloride channel activators

Avermectins, Milbemycins

Juvenile hormone mimics

Juvenile hormone analogues

Fenoxcarb

Pyriproxyfen

Compounds of unknown or non-specific

mode of action (fumigants)

13

Aluminium phosphide

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Cryolite

(selective feeding blockers)

Pymetrozine
Flonicamid

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Clofentezine, Hexythiazox

(mite growth inhibitors)

Etoxazole

A1

Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes

A2

transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins)

Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis

Bacillus thuringiensis var. sphaericus

B1

Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai

B2

Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki

C
12*

Methyl bromide
Sulfuryl fluoride

11*

Neonicotinoids
Nicotine

10*

Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT

B
9*

Cyclodiene organochlorines

B
5
6
7*

Carbamates
Organophosphates

B
3

Chemical Sub Group or

representative Active Ingredient

Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionensis

Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation disruptors of ATP

Diafenthiuron

formation

Organotin miticides

Uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of

Chlorfenapyr, DNOC

H proton gradient
14

Inhibition of mitochondrial ATPase

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type O, Lepidopteran

Propargite

15
16

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1, Homopteran

Buprofezin

17

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 2, Dipteran

Cyromazine

18

Ecdysone agonist / disruptor

Octopaminergic agonist

Diacylhydrazines

Site 11 electron transport inhibitors

Site 1 electron transport inhibitors

Hydramethylnon, Dicofol

19
20
21
22

Benzoylureas

Amitraz
METI acaricides, Rotenone

Voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker

Indoxacarb

23

Inhibitors of lipid synthesis

Tetronic acid derivatives

24
25

Site 111 electron transport inhibitors

Unknown mode of action

Acequinocyl, Fluacrypyrim
Azadirachtin, Bifenazate

Use Mode of Action wisely for good Insecticide Resistance Management, IRM.

Insecticide Mode of Action Classification

CropLife, SA, IRAC working group
Each product label identifies the Insecticide Group Code on the front panel. The insecticides are allocated to specific
groups based on their target site. An effective resistance management strategy seeks to minimise the selection for
resistance for any one product. To achieve this objective :

Avoid exclusive repeated use of insecticides from the same Insecticide Group Code

Alternate or tank mix with products from different Insecticide Group Codes.

Integrate other control methods (chemical, cultural or biological) into insect control programmes.

Sub
Group Group

1*
2*

Primary Target Site of Action

A
B

Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors

GABA gated chloride channel antagonists

4*

8*

Fipronil (or Phenylpyrazoles?)

Sodium channel modulators
Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists/antagonists

Cartap, Bensultap

Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists (not group 4)

Spinosyns

Chloride channel activators

Avermectins, Milbemycins

Juvenile hormone mimics

Juvenile hormone analogues

Fenoxcarb

Pyriproxyfen

Compounds of unknown or non-specific

mode of action (fumigants)

13

Aluminium phosphide

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Cryolite

(selective feeding blockers)

Pymetrozine
Flonicamid

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Clofentezine, Hexythiazox

(mite growth inhibitors)

Etoxazole

A1

Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes

A2

transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins)

Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis

Bacillus thuringiensis var. sphaericus

B1

Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai

B2

Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki

C
12*

Methyl bromide
Sulfuryl fluoride

11*

Neonicotinoids
Nicotine

10*

Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT

B
9*

Cyclodiene organochlorines

B
5
6
7*

Carbamates
Organophosphates

B
3

Chemical Sub Group or

representative Active Ingredient

Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionensis

Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation disruptors of ATP

Diafenthiuron

formation

Organotin miticides

Uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of

Chlorfenapyr, DNOC

H proton gradient
14

Inhibition of mitochondrial ATPase

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type O, Lepidopteran

Propargite

15
16

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1, Homopteran

Buprofezin

17

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 2, Dipteran

Cyromazine

18

Ecdysone agonist / disruptor

Octopaminergic agonist

Diacylhydrazines

Site 11 electron transport inhibitors

Site 1 electron transport inhibitors

Hydramethylnon, Dicofol

19
20
21
22

Benzoylureas

Amitraz
METI acaricides, Rotenone

Voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker

Indoxacarb

23

Inhibitors of lipid synthesis

Tetronic acid derivatives

24
25

Site 111 electron transport inhibitors

Unknown mode of action

Acequinocyl, Fluacrypyrim
Azadirachtin, Bifenazate

Use Mode of Action wisely for good Insecticide Resistance Management, IRM.

Insecticide Mode of Action Classification

CropLife, SA, IRAC working group
Each product label identifies the Insecticide Group Code on the front panel. The insecticides are allocated to specific
groups based on their target site. An effective resistance management strategy seeks to minimise the selection for
resistance for any one product. To achieve this objective :

Avoid exclusive repeated use of insecticides from the same Insecticide Group Code

Alternate or tank mix with products from different Insecticide Group Codes.

Integrate other control methods (chemical, cultural or biological) into insect control programmes.

Sub
Group Group

1*
2*

Primary Target Site of Action

A
B

Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors

GABA gated chloride channel antagonists

4*

8*

Fipronil (or Phenylpyrazoles?)

Sodium channel modulators
Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists/antagonists

Cartap, Bensultap

Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists (not group 4)

Spinosyns

Chloride channel activators

Avermectins, Milbemycins

Juvenile hormone mimics

Juvenile hormone analogues

Fenoxcarb

Pyriproxyfen

Compounds of unknown or non-specific

mode of action (fumigants)

13

Aluminium phosphide

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Cryolite

(selective feeding blockers)

Pymetrozine
Flonicamid

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Clofentezine, Hexythiazox

(mite growth inhibitors)

Etoxazole

A1

Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes

A2

transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins)

Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis

Bacillus thuringiensis var. sphaericus

B1

Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai

B2

Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki

C
12*

Methyl bromide
Sulfuryl fluoride

11*

Neonicotinoids
Nicotine

10*

Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT

B
9*

Cyclodiene organochlorines

B
5
6
7*

Carbamates
Organophosphates

B
3

Chemical Sub Group or

representative Active Ingredient

Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionensis

Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation disruptors of ATP

Diafenthiuron

formation

Organotin miticides

Uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of

Chlorfenapyr, DNOC

H proton gradient
14

Inhibition of mitochondrial ATPase

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type O, Lepidopteran

Propargite

15
16

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1, Homopteran

Buprofezin

17

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 2, Dipteran

Cyromazine

18

Ecdysone agonist / disruptor

Octopaminergic agonist

Diacylhydrazines

Site 11 electron transport inhibitors

Site 1 electron transport inhibitors

Hydramethylnon, Dicofol

19
20
21
22

Benzoylureas

Amitraz
METI acaricides, Rotenone

Voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker

Indoxacarb

23

Inhibitors of lipid synthesis

Tetronic acid derivatives

24
25

Site 111 electron transport inhibitors

Unknown mode of action

Acequinocyl, Fluacrypyrim
Azadirachtin, Bifenazate

Use Mode of Action wisely for good Insecticide Resistance Management, IRM.

Insecticide Mode of Action Classification

CropLife, SA, IRAC working group
Each product label identifies the Insecticide Group Code on the front panel. The insecticides are allocated to specific
groups based on their target site. An effective resistance management strategy seeks to minimise the selection for
resistance for any one product. To achieve this objective :

Avoid exclusive repeated use of insecticides from the same Insecticide Group Code

Alternate or tank mix with products from different Insecticide Group Codes.

Integrate other control methods (chemical, cultural or biological) into insect control programmes.

Sub
Group Group

1*
2*

Primary Target Site of Action

A
B

Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors

GABA gated chloride channel antagonists

4*

8*

Fipronil (or Phenylpyrazoles?)

Sodium channel modulators
Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists/antagonists

Cartap, Bensultap

Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists (not group 4)

Spinosyns

Chloride channel activators

Avermectins, Milbemycins

Juvenile hormone mimics

Juvenile hormone analogues

Fenoxcarb

Pyriproxyfen

Compounds of unknown or non-specific

mode of action (fumigants)

13

Aluminium phosphide

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Cryolite

(selective feeding blockers)

Pymetrozine
Flonicamid

Compounds of unknown or non-specific mode of action

Clofentezine, Hexythiazox

(mite growth inhibitors)

Etoxazole

A1

Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes

A2

transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins)

Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis

Bacillus thuringiensis var. sphaericus

B1

Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai

B2

Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki

C
12*

Methyl bromide
Sulfuryl fluoride

11*

Neonicotinoids
Nicotine

10*

Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT

B
9*

Cyclodiene organochlorines

B
5
6
7*

Carbamates
Organophosphates

B
3

Chemical Sub Group or

representative Active Ingredient

Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionensis

Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation disruptors of ATP

Diafenthiuron

formation

Organotin miticides

Uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of

Chlorfenapyr, DNOC

H proton gradient
14

Inhibition of mitochondrial ATPase

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type O, Lepidopteran

Propargite

15
16

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1, Homopteran

Buprofezin

17

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 2, Dipteran

Cyromazine

18

Ecdysone agonist / disruptor

Octopaminergic agonist

Diacylhydrazines

Site 11 electron transport inhibitors

Site 1 electron transport inhibitors

Hydramethylnon, Dicofol

19
20
21
22

Benzoylureas

Amitraz
METI acaricides, Rotenone

Voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker

Indoxacarb

23

Inhibitors of lipid synthesis

Tetronic acid derivatives

24
25

Site 111 electron transport inhibitors

Unknown mode of action

Acequinocyl, Fluacrypyrim
Azadirachtin, Bifenazate

Use Mode of Action wisely for good Insecticide Resistance Management, IRM.

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