PUZZLE WITH NUMBERS

Teaching aids are materials that the classroom teacher uses to help
students understand the concepts she introduces during her lesson. These
teaching aids can take numerous forms, from the beans students might count
while learning simple math in kindergarten to the photos of famous people and
places teachers might display during a history lesson. A teaching aid is a tool
used by teachers, facilitators, or tutors in teaching and training.
Szendrei (1996, p, 418) defines teaching and learning aids as:
a. Concrete materials, meaning real life tool and artefacts, that are
commonly used in out of school settings,
b. Artificial material (eduacational material) mainly conceived and
developed for educational purpose, and
c. Games including puzzle.
In this study, teaching aids are therefore defined as any concrete materials,
manipulatives, common tools, special educational materials, board games, play
activities, pictures and occupational tasks.
Purpose according to Coppen (1969) and Romiszowski (1968) teaching aids
could be:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

To develop skill
To present fact
To organize knowledge into concept,
To stimulate imagination
To develop attitudes or change existing ones.

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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Adventages using of teaching aids

Supplement in verbal instructions.
Teaching aids makes learning permanent.
Teaching aids provide variety.
Teaching aids are helpful in attracting attention of the students.
Teaching aids saves time and energy.
Teaching aids encourages the healthy classroom interaction.
Teaching aids helps the teacher to create situations for teaching the

beginners.
8. Teaching aids are helpful in creating positive environment for discipline.
9. Teaching aids are helpful in meeting individual differences.
10. Teaching aids helps in providing speech training to the pupils.
11. Teaching aids enable the children to retain language items for a longer
time.
12. Teaching aids gives vividness to the learning situation.
13. Teaching aids makes the abstract ideas concrete and thus help in making
learning more effective.
14. Teaching aids provide good substitutes for the real objects as they make
learning equally meaningful.
15. Teaching aids help in the development of various skills such as, how to
draw a diagram of the topic among the students.
Disadventages using of teaching aids
Some of the disadvantages of using teachings aids are the cost of the
materials, the fact that teachers have no control of the quality of the material,
and the fact that sometimes adequate training is not available to show teachers
how to best use the materials.

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A. Puzzle
Puzzle Games is a form of the game that challenged the power of
creativity and memories of students more deeply due to the emergence of the
motivation to continually try to solve the problem.
Puzzle with numbers
Puzzle is a problem that test imagination, cleverness and skill of the
solver. Puzzles are often contrived as a form of Entertainment, But they can
also be considered as mathematical or logical problems in most of cases.
a. Advantages of Using Puzzle with Number
Make students more creative to solve mathematics problems,

including for arithmetic problems.

Teach students that mathematics was not only to know the

formulas but there is also a math game.

students do not get tired of processed with a monotonous

learning math concepts

b. Disadvantages of using Puzzle with Numbers
According to Sismiasih (1995:16), there are three drawbacks to the
method of the Puzzle game:
need a longer time
demands of teaching creativity
the class became less restrained
Purpose:
To enhance students understanding and skills in arithmetic operations
1. Magic Circle
Magic circle is a numbering of the intersections of the circles such that
the sum over all intersections is the same constant for all circles.

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How to make magic circle model 1?

a. Make three circles and all circle must intersection, like this picture.

b. Put the square at each point intersection of circles

c. Given the same colour for two intersection point of circles

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How to make magic circle model 2 ?

a. Make three circles and all circle must intersection, like this picture

b.

Put the square at each point intersection of circles

c. Given the same colour for two intersection point of circles

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a. Model I
In this game, the six numbers: 1,2,3,4,5, and 6 are provided.
Place all numbers from 1 to 6 in the square along the circumference
of the circle (one number per square), so thet fours numbers on each
circumferences sums up to the total.
How to solve magic circle ?
a. place the numbers 1,2,3 ..., 6 at each point of intersection circle
with another circle
b. circle with another circle has two intersection points, and each
point of intersection of a circle with another circle should be the
same amount
c. the sum of each number on the circle should be the same with the
other circle.
PICTURES
1

The Solution
1 + 2 + 6 + 5 = 14
2 + 4 + 5 + 3 = 14
3 + 6 + 4 + 1 = 14

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b. Model II
In this game, the six numbers: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 and 12 are
provided.
Place all numbers from 1 to 12 in the square along the circumference of
the circle (one number per square), so thet fours numbers on each
circumferences sums up to the total.
how to use the magic circle ?
a. Place the numbers 1,2,3 ..., 12 at each point of intersection circle
with another circle
b. Circle with another circle has two intersection points, and each point
of intersection of a circle with another circle should be the same
amount
c. The sum of each number on the circle should be the same with the
other

circle.

The Solution
1+5+3+12+8+10 = 39

2+5+9+11+8+4 = 39
3+7+11+10+6+2 = 39

6
4

5
1

4+12+7+9+1+6 = 39
9

The pictures

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2. Magic squares
Magic squares are tables of numbers where sums of every rows, every
column, and both diagonals produce the sum number.
a. Magic square 3 x 3
In this game, the 9 consecutive numbers from 1 to 9 are
provided. How to place all these numbers from 1 to 9, so
that the sum of the entries of any row, any column, or any
main diagonal is the same ?
Magic square 3 x 3 use Siamese Method / de la Loubre
Method
1. Starting from the number 1. Place in the top row, right in the
middle colom ..
2. We moved to the top right ... If his position was at the top,
then move to the bottom. If the position has to be on the far
right, then moved to the far left. If you already have plots that
are filled, move to plots beneath .. Repeat this step until all
plots are filled.
The ilustration :
8

b. Magic squares 4 x 4
In this game, the 16 consecutive numbers from 1 to 16. How to place all these
numbers from 1

to 16, so that the sum of the

entries of any

row, any column, or any main

diagonal is the

same ?

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Magic square 4 x 4 use Doubly Even/ Lozenge Method

1. place the numbers 1 to 16 in sequence on the box
1

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

2. Make a cross as seen in the picture below, and then reflect on

each of the plots.
16

13

11

10

12

14

15

3. So the sum of the entries of any row, any column, or any main
diagonal is 34
The solution magic 3 x 3

The solution of magic 4 x 4

8+1+6 = 15

16+2+3+13 = 34

3+5+7 = 15

5+11+10+8 = 34

16+11+6+1 = 34

4+9+2 = 15

9+7+6+12 = 34

13+8+12+1 = 34

8+3+4 = 15

4+14+15+1 = 34

3+10+6+15 = 34

1+5+9 = 15

16+5+9+4 = 34

2+11+7+14 = 34

13+10+7+4 =

34

6+7+2 = 15
8+5+2 = 15
6+5+4 = 15

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