Delft University of Technology

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences

Steel & Composite Structures

P l e a s e fill in y o u r n a m e a n d s t y d e o t nyinniber
on e v e r y a n s w e r i n g s h e e t t h a t y o u h a n d in.

Question

Points

la

lb

lc

Id

le

If

1 Plasticity

2 Stress strain relationship

2a

2b

3 stability
3a

3b

4a

4b

4c

4d

5a

5b

5c

4 Simple Joint

5 Welded beam

5 Bolted connection
6a

6b

6c

6d

7 general questions on tubular structures

7a-h

8 CHS-X-joint
8a

8b

9 RHS to H-section

Total points

9a

9b

9c

100

12

EXAi\^ STEEL STRUCTURES 2: GlE4rJ5

Friday, October 30, 2015
13.30- 16.30 hrs

EXm

Delf University of Teclnnology

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
Steel & Composite Structures

STEEL STRUCTURES 2: CE4-J-J5

Friday, October 30, 2015
13.30- 16.30 iirs

PLASTICITY AND STABILITY

QUESTION 1 Plasticity

Mp,

2Mpi

E
Connections in C and E are rigid

Sr?

A
H = Vz V

A
2C

2:
< -

4t

Figure 1: Frame loaded by the horizontal load H in point E and by the vertical load V in point D.

la.

Why is it necessary to use class 1 cross sections when plastic theory is used?

lb.

What is meant by the shape factor a of a cross section?

Calculate the value of the shape factor a of a rectangular cross section.
Estimate the value of the shape factor a of an l-shaped cross section.

lc.

Draw the possible plastic failure mechanisms for the frame given in Figure 1.

Id.

Calculate the maximum load according to the combined failure mechanism obtained in question
lc.

le.

Prove that this combined mechanism as determined in question l c and I d is the real collapse
load of the frame.

If.

In addition to the determination of the lowest collapse load based on the possible mechanisms an
additional "collapse load" is determined based on a deformation limit of 46/50.
Explain why the "real" collapse load is the lowest of both collapse loads.

Delft University of Technology

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
Steel Ci Composite Structures

QUESTION 2

EXAM STEEL STRUCTURES 2: 0 1 1 4 1 1 5

Friday, October 30, 2015
13.30- 16.30 hrs

Stress=straira relaiiiionship
3Sy(])

CJ

Figure 2: One rectangular cross section made of tv\/o different steel grades, the strain distribution and
the stress-strain relations.

2a.

Calculate the bending moment in the cross section for the given strain distribution (note that the
stress distribution is related to the strain distribution).

2b.

Calculate the curvature of a beam with this cross section and for the given strain distribution.

QUEST!0M3 Stability
o

Both frames in Figure 3 are loaded by a vertical load F.

All connections in point B are rigid.

Frame I

Frame 11

Figure 3
3a. Draw the buckling shape for Frame I and Frame II in Figure 3. Motivate your answer.
3b. Determine the Euler buckling load of both structures. Motivate your answer.
-2-

EXAIVi STEEL STRUCTURES 2: C J E 4 - J - J 5

Friday, October 30, 2015
1 3 . 3 0 - 1 6 . 3 0 iirs

Delft University of Tecfinology

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
Steel & Composite Structures

CONNECTBOWS

QUESTIOW 4 : S i m p l e Joint: b o l t e d c o n n e c t i o n w i t h p a r t i a l d e p t h e n d p l a t e

50

100

50

Steel grade: S355

HEA 200
h = 190 m m
b = 200 m m

10

tf = 10 mm

80

a = 4-

45 j

Bolt row 1
Bolt row 2

70

Bolts M 2 0

701
2301

70

Bolt row 3
180 mm

TT

! 70

I 45I

= 6.5 m m

rc

= 18 mm

IPE300

+
+

tw

h = 300 m m

b = 190 mm
tf = 10.7 mm

IPE300

tw

= 7.1 mm

rc

= 15 mm

End Plate
h = 230 mm
b = 200 m m
HEA 200

t = 10 mm
Bolts
M20, class 8.8

Design bearing resistance of the bolts in the end plate:

Shear plane through thread

Bolt row 1:

138 l<N

Normal clearance holes

Bolt rows 2 & 3:

166 kN

Non pre-loaded

Design bearing resistance of the bolts in the column flange:

Bolt rows 1, 2 & 3: 166 kN

4a Explain why this joint predominantly transfers shear forces, and no bending moments.

4b Calculate the design resistance of the bolt group in the connection of the end plate to the
column flange.
4c Calculate the design resistance of the welded connection (double fillet weld a = 4 mm) between
the end plate and the beam web.
4d Draw the failure patterns of the end plate and calculate it's design resistance.

EXAM STEEL STRUCTURES 2: C 1 E 4 1 - J S

Friday, October 30, 2015
13.30- 16.30 hrs

Delft University of Technology

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
Steel & Composite Structures

QUESTiOW 5:

W e l d e d beam to columtTi joiirli;

190 m m

Steel grade: S355

afiange = 9

11
II
II

mm

HEA 320
h = 310 m m

M I i I M IM I I I i I I

b = 300 m m
K

tf=

aweb = 6 m m

15.5 m m

t = 9 mm
r^ = 27 m m
450

IPE450
h = 450 m m
b = 190 m m
tf = 14.6 m m

IPE450
I [ I I I

11

M I 1 t I

tw

= 9.4 m m

r. = 2 1 m m
HEA 320

5a List all joint components that should be considered t o determine the bending moment
resistance of this joint.

5b Calculate t h e design tension resistance of t h e connection between the flange of the beam and
the flange of the column.

5c

Discuss the influence of column stiffeners on the

design bending moment resistance of this joint.

= 4-

EXAIVl S T E E L S T R U C T U R E S 2: GSE4-J15
Friday, October 3 0 , 2 0 1 5
1 3 . 3 0 - 16.30 hrs

Delft University of Technology

Faculty of Civil Engineering and G e o s c i e n c e s
Steel & Composite Structures

QUESTIOW 6: VJomeiTi resislLance Join'c boled coiminiecliion with ereinided end plate

Steel grade: S355

HE300B
80

tf = 19 mm

-r

t = 11 m m
70

r = 27 mm

?1

70
-2

1PE500
tf = 16 m m

70

t = 10.2 m m

'eff

r = 21 mm
End plate
tp = 20 m m

IPE500

IPE500

Welds end plate - flange

a = 9 mm
Welds end plate - web
a = 6 mm
Bolts
M20, class 10.9

HE300B
6S

170

65

Non pre-loaded
Holes w i t h normal
clearance

6a Make sketches of 4 possible yield line patterns in the end plate for the bolt row 1.
6b Calculate the design tension resistance of the bolt row 3 for the end plate. Assume
^ e f f ~ 232 m m for your calculations.

6c Discuss which bolt row will have the higher strength for the end plate: the row 2 or the row 3.

6d What is a critical component in case of a brittle and a ductile failure o f t h i s type of joint?

= 5-

Delft University of Technology

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
Steel & Composite Structures

EXAM STEEL STRUCTURES 2: CiE41-il5

Friday, October 30, 2015
1 3 . 3 0 - 16.30 hrs

TUBULAK S T K U C J y R E S AND FATIGUE

QyESTlON 7
Answer the questions in the table below. Copy your answers t o your answering sheet!

The buckling curve for a hot-formed hollow sections is .... than

that for a cold formed hollow section.
7b

The corner radius for cold formed RHS is generally ... than for
hot finished hollow sections.

7c

For the same b, h and t, the cross sectional area of a cold

formed RHS is generally .... than that of a hot finished hollow
section

7d

A CHS section has a

ratio between the plastic shear capacity

and the elastic shear capacity than an RHS- section.

7e

The corrosion protection and maintenance of a closed hollow

section is generally

7f

' than that of an l-section.

The out-of-plane buckling resistance of hollow section braces in

a lattice girder with 1 section chords is generally .... than that
with RHS section chords.

7g

For an RHS joint, the tolerance in the chord thickness to has for
chord punching shear failure a .... influence than for chord face
plastification.

7h

The chord stress reduction (Qf) for chord (face) plastification is

generally

i for chord tension than for chord compression.

higher

lower

the

or

or

same

better

worse

or

or

or

similar

more

less