Fundamentals

of EMS,

NMS,

and OSS/BSS

JITHESH SATHYAN

U)

ukv^ rress

J Taylor&Francis Group
Boca Raton

London

New York

CRC Press is an imprint of the

Taylor
AN

& Francis Croup, an Informs business

AUERBACH BOOK

Contents

Foreword

xv

Preface

xvii

About the Author

SECTION I
1

1.1

Introduction

1.2

EMS in Telecom

1.3

EMS Architecture

1.4

Need for EMS

1.5

Characteristics

1.6

Popular EMS Products

1.7

Conclusion

Required

in EMS

Reading

TMN Model

19
21

2.1

Introduction

21

2.2

What Is TMN?

22

2.3

Functional Architecture

24

2.4

Physical Architecture

26

2.5

Information Architecture

28

Architecture

2.6

Logical

2.7

Conclusion

Additional
3

ELEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (EMS)

What Is EMS?

Additional
2

xix

Reading

ITU-T FCAPS

28

31
31
33

3.1

Introduction

33

3.2

Fault

34

3.3

3.4

Management
Configuration Management
Accounting Management

37
38

vi

Contents

Performance

3.6

Security Management

42

3.7

Conclusion

44

Additional
4

44

EMS Functions

45

4.1

Introduction

45

4.2

Network/Service Provisioning

4.3

Network/Service

4.4

Inventory Management
Integrated Multivendor Environment

49

4.5
4.6

Service Assurance

51

4.7

Network

4.8

Network/Service

4.9

Conclusion

46

Development and

47

Planning

50
54

Operations Support

Monitoring and

Control

55
56

56

Reading

OSI Network

57

Management

5.1

Introduction

5.2

OSI

5.3

OSI Information Model

57

Organizational

Model

58
62

5.3.1

Structure of Management Information

5.3.2

Management Information

(SMI)

Base (MIB)

62

63

5.4

OSI Communication Model

64

5.5

OSI Functional Model

67

5.6

OAM

67

5.7

TMN and OSI

5.8

Conclusion

Additional
6

Management

Reading

Additional
5

40

3.5

68

Management

68
69

Reading

Management

Protocols

71

6.1

Introduction

6.2

Overview of SNMP

6.3

Overview of TL1

(Transaction Language 1)
Overview of CMIP (Common Management

73

Information

75

6.4

71

(Simple

Network

Management Protocol)

Protocol)

76

6.7

(Command Line Protocol)

Overview of XMLP (XML Protocol)
Overview of SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)

6.8

Overview of NETCONF (NETwork CONFiguration)

80

6.9

Overview of HOP (Internet Inter-ORB Protocol)

82

6.10

Conclusion

6.5
6.6

Overview of CLP

72

Additional

Reading

78
79

83
84

Contents

Standardizing Bodies

85

7.1

Introduction

85

7.2

85

7.3

ITU (International Telecommunication Union)

TMF (TeleManagement Forum)

7.4

DMTF (Distributed

88

7.5

7.8

3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project)

ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)
MEF (Metro Ethernet Forum)
ATIS (Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions)

7.9

OASIS

7.6
7.7

Management

(Organization

Task Force)

7.10

OMA

7.11

SNIA

7.12

Conclusion

Additional
MTNM

90
91
93

94
95

Alliance)

(Storage Networking

Industry Association)

Reading

Compliant EMS

96

96
97
97
99

8.1

Introduction

8.2

About MTNM

100

8.3

MTNM Business

Agreement (TMF 513)

Agreement (TMF 608)
MTNM Solution Set (TMF 814)
MTNM Implementation Statement and
Guidelines (TMF 814A)

102

8.4

MTNM Information

104

Conclusion

Ill

8.5
8.6
8.7

Additional

SECTION II
9

(Open

Mobile

87

for the Advancement of Structured

Information Standards)

vii

Reading

99

106
109
Ill

NETWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (NMS)

Communication Networks

115

9.1

Introduction

115

9.2

ATM Network

116
117

9.3

GSM Network

9.4

GPRS Network

119

9.5

UMTS Network

121

9.6

MPLS Network

122

9.7

IMS

123

9.8

CDMA Network

125

WiMAX

127

.9.9
9.10

Recent Initiatives like LTE and SAE

128

9.11

Conclusion

129

Additional

Reading

130

viii

10

Contents

Seven-Layer

131

10.2

Physical Layer

132

10.3

Data Link

133

10.5

Layer
Layer
Transport Layer

136

10.6

Session Layer

137

10.7

Presentation

Layer
Application Layer

138

10.8
10.9

TCP/IP Model and OSI Model

141

10.10

Conclusion

143

140

144

Reading

WhatlsNMS?

145

11.1

Introduction

145

11.2

Network

146

11.9

Management System
Legacy NMS Architecture
Data Collection Components
Platform Components
Management Function Components
GUI Components
NBI (North Bound Interface) Components
Design Considerations

11.10

Conclusion

11.3
11.4
11.5

11.6
11.7
11.8

Additional

148
149
150

151
153

155
156
157

158

Reading

NMS Functions

159

Introduction

159

12.2

Resource

160

12.3

Resource Data Collection and

163

12.4

Resource Trouble

166

12.1

12.5
12.6

12.7

Provisioning

Processing
Management
Resource Performance Management
Resource Management and Operation
Support and Readiness
Conclusion

Additional
13

135

Network

Additional

12

131

Introduction

10.4

11

Communication Model

10.1

169

171
172

172

Reading

NMS Products

173

13.1

Introduction

173

13.2

OpenNMS

174

13.3

AdventNet Web NMS

177

13.4

HPOpenView

179

13.5

IBM Tivoli

182

13.6

Telecom Network

Management

Products

185

Contents

13.7

Conclusion

Additional
14

187

Introduction

187

14.2

SNMPvl

188

14.3

SNMPv2

192

14.4

SNMPv3

14.5

Conclusion

201

Handling

203

15.1

Introduction

203

15.2

ASN.l

204

Simple Types
15.2.2 ASN.l Structured Type

204

15.3

BER

208

15.4

SMI

210

15.5

Conclusion

215

ASN.l

207

216

Reading

Management Information Base (MIB)

217

16.1

Introduction

217

16.2

Types of MIB

218

16.3

MIB-II

220

16.4

SNMPvl MIB

227

16.5

SNMPv2MIB

227

16.6

SNMPv3MIB

229

16.7

Conclusion

230

Additional

230

Reading

Next Generation Network

Management (NGNM)

231

17.1

Introduction

231

17.2

NGNM Basics

232

17.3

TR133

236

17.4

M.3060
Conclusion

240

17.5

Additional
18

196
200

Reading

Information

Additional

17

186

14.1

15.2.1

16

185

Reading

SNMP

Additional
15

ix

243
244

Reading

245

XML-Based Protocols
18.1

Introduction

245

18.2

XMLP Overview

246

18.3

XML Protocol Message

18.4

XML Protocol

Binding

Envelope

248
248

Contents

18.5

Mapping with SNMP

18.5.1 Messaging
18.5.2 Transfer of Message
18.5.3 XMLP-Based Management Framework

249
250
252
253

18.6

SOAP

256

18.7

NETCONF

260

18.8

Conclusion

263

Additional

SECTION III

Reading

263

OPERATION/BUSINESS SUPPORT
SYSTEMS (OSS/BSS)

19

What Is OSS and BSS?

Introduction

267

19.2

Service Providers

268

Drivers for

271

19.5

Support Systems
Support Systems Offer?
19.4.1 Support Systems to Manage the Customers
19.4.2 Support Systems to Manage Service
19.4.3 Support Systems to Manage Resources
Defining OSS and BSS

270

What Do

19.6

From TMN

275

19.7

Few OSS/BSS Processes

276

19.8

Conclusion

279

19.3
19.4

Additional
20

to

eTOM

Reading

OSS/BSS Functions

271

272
273

273

279
281

20.1

Introduction

281

20.2

Fulfillment Process

281

20.3

Assurance Process

294

20.4

Billing

20.5

Conclusion

Additional
21

267

19.1

Process

Reading

NGOSS

307
323
324
325

21.1

Introduction

21.2

NGOSS

Overview

326

21.3

NGOSS
SANRR

Lifecycle
Methodology

327

21.4
21.5

eTOM Model

331

21.6

SID

333

21.7

TNA

334

21.8

TAM

335

325

330

Content's

21.9

Conclusion

Additional
22

23

337

Telecom Processes

339

22.1

Introduction

339

22.2

eTOM

340

22.3

ITIL

341

22.4

Integrated Approach

343

22.5

eTOM and ITIL in ICT

344

22.6

ITIL Processes

22.7
22.8

Conclusion

351

Additional Reading

351

348

Management Applications

353

23.1

Introduction

353

23.2

Overview of

23.3

Conclusion

354

Applications

376
377

Reading

379

Information Models
24.1

Introduction

24.2

Shared Information/Data Model

24.3

Common Information Model

24.4

Conclusion

379

(SID)

(CIM)

380

384
389
389

Reading

Standard Interfaces

391

25.1

Introduction

391

25.2

MTOSI Overview

392

25.3

MTOSI Notifications

395

25.4

OSS/] Overview

396

25.5

MTOSI and

25.6

Conclusion

Additional

SECTION IV
26

eTOM

346

Implemented with
Business Process Flow Modeling

Additional
25

336

Reading

Additional
24

xi

OSS/]

Reading

399
400
401

IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES

Socket Communication

405

26.1

Introduction

405

26.2

406

26.3

Application Layer
Monitoring

26.4

Client-Server Model

409

26.5

Socket Interface

410

408

xii

Contents

26.6
26.7

System Calls
Client Server Implementation

412

Basic Socket

for Connection

416

Oriented Communication
26.8
26.9

Client Server

for Connectionless

Protocol Communication

419

Conclusion

423

Additional
27

Implementation

423

Reading

RPC Programming

425

27.1

Introduction

425

27.2

RPC Overview

426

27.3

RPC

427

Concepts
27.3.1 Transport

427

27.3.2

Presentation

428

27.3.3

RPCGEN

429

27.3.4

RPC Procedure Identification

27.3.5

Port

Compiler

431

Mappers
27.3.6 Broadcasting
27.3.7 Batching
27.3.8

432
432

Authentication

Defining

27.5

Interface Routines

434

27.6

RPC

434

27.7

Conclusion

the Protocol

433

Implementation

437
438

Reading

439

Web Communication

439

28.1

Introduction

28.2

Hypertext

28.3

Web Client and Server

Transfer Protocol

28.4

Implementing

28.5

Conclusion

Additional
29

431

27.4

Additional
28

430

(HTTP)

440
444

Web Server

448

450
451

Reading

453

Mail Communication
29.1

Introduction

453

29.2

Mail

454

29.3

Mail Protocols

29.4
29.6

UserAgent
Multipurpose Internet
Implementation

29.7

Conclusion

29.5

Additional

Delivery Process

Reading

456
456
Mail Extensions

458
461

463
463

Contents

30

File

Introduction

465

30.2

Communication with FTP

466

30.3

File Transfer with FTP

469

30.4

File Commands

470

30.5

File

472

30.6

Implementation

30.7

Conclusion

474
475

Reading

477

Introduction

477

31.2

Symmetric Key Cryptography

478

31.3

Public

31.7

Key Cryptography
Message Security
Key Management
Security Protocols
Implementation Example

480

31.8

Conclusion

487

31.6

Additional

482
483
484
485

Reading

487

Application Layer

489

32.1

Introduction

489

32.2

NETCONF

490

32.3

RPC Elements in NETCONF

491

32.4

NETCONF

492

32.5

MIB Event

32.6

Conclusion

Additional

Operations

to

498

XML

502

Reading

502

OSS

Design Patterns

503

33.1

Introduction

503

33.2

504

33.6

Singleton Design Pattern

Chain of Responsibility Design Pattern
Observer Design Pattern
Factory Design Pattern
Adapter Design Pattern

33.7

Iterator

516

33.8

Mediator

33.9

Conclusion

33.3
33.4
33.5

Additional
34

472
i

Secure Communication

31.5

33

Sharing

31.1

31.4

32

465

Handling

30.1

Additional
31

xiii

Design

Pattern

Design

Pattern

509
512

516
519
522

Reading

Report: NGNM Framework

34.1
Report Overview

506

522
and

Adoption Strategy

523
523

xiv

Contents

34.2

Introduction

524

34.3

Legacy

NMS

525

34.4

Issues with

34.5

NGNM Solution

527

34.5.1

NGNM Framework

527

34.5.2

Generic Functionalities for NGNM

530

34.5.3

Specialized Functions
Customization for Specific Network

532

34.5.4
34.6

Index

Legacy NMS

526

34.7

Adoption Strategy
34.6.1 Using Mediation Layer
34.6.2 Staged Migration
34.6.3 Combining Mediation and Migration
Analysis of NGNM Framework

34.8

Conclusion

531
532
532

533
539
539
540

Supporting Publications

540

References

541

543