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2. Discussthe14generalprinciplesofmanagementgivenbyFayol.Which
principledoyouthinkisthemostimportant?
Answer:
FayolsPrinciplesofManagement
1.
Divisionofwork : Thisprinciplesaysthatworkshouldbedividedintodifferentpartsand
eachpartshouldbeentrustedtothemostsuitablepersontodoit.Hebelievedthatthis
resultinspecializationanditwillinturnincreasestheefficiencyofworkers.Accordingto
him,morethespecializationthegreaterwillbetheefficiency
2.
AuthorityandResponsibility : Authorityistherightofasuperiortogiveordersto
subordinates,takedecisionsetc.Responsibility,ontheotherhand,referstothe
obligationtoaccomplishobjectivesorthedutyheisexpectedtoperformbyvirtueofhis
position.Authorityandresponsibilityshouldgotogether.Acceptanceofauthoritymeans
acceptanceofresponsibilitytoperformajob
3.
Discipline: Hebelievesdisciplineisabsoluteessentialfortheworkersrunningof
business.Disciplineisessentialnotonlyattheworkerslevelbutalsoitrequiresatthe
managementlevel.Gooddisciplineistheresultofeffectiveleadershipandgood
relationshipbetweenmanagementandworkersregardingtherulesandregulationsof
organization.
4.
UnityofCommand
5.
UnityofDirection : Accordingtothisprinciplethereshouldalwaysexistoneheadand
oneplanforagroupofactivitieshavingthesameobjective.Themembersofan
organizationshouldworktogethertoaccomplishcommongoals.Thisprincipleensuresa
coordinateactionintheorganization.
6.
Subordinationofindividualintereststogroupinterests
: Importanceshouldbegiven
totheinterestoftheorganization.Thereshouldnotbeaconflictbetweentheinterestof
thebusinessmenandtheinterestoftheworkers.Whenthereisaconflictbetweenthese
two,theinterestoftheorganizationshouldprevailandthepersonalinterestshouldbe
ignoredorsacrificed.
7.
Remuneration
employer.
8.
9.
ScalarChain : Fayolbelievedthat"chainofsuperiors"fromhighesttolowestranks
shouldnotbedepartedfromneedlesslybutcanbeshortcircuitedwhentheneedbe.
Singlesuperiorshouldgiveorders.
Mustbefairgivingmaximumpossiblesatisfactiontoemployeesand
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12. StabilityofTenureandpersonnel:
Unnecessaryturnovercanhavehighdangerand
costs.
13. Initiative: Managersmustsacrificepersonalvanitytopermitsubordinatestoexercise
initiative.
14. Espiritdecorps : Thisprincipleisbasedonoldsayingunionisstrength.Theentire
organizationshouldbetreatedasoneunit.Thereisnoprovisionfordisintegration.The
successandefficiencyofanorganizationdependsonteamspirit.Harmonyandunion
amongthepersonnelconstitutethegreatstrengthofaconcern.Themottodivideand
ruleshouldbediscouraged.Ifthereisanymisunderstandingcausedthroughpoor
communications,managementshouldtaketimelyactiontoavoidit.Mangersmusttake
stepstodevelopasenseofbelongingamongsttheemployees.Ifthereisateamspirit,
everybodycooperatesandworkhardforachievingorganizationalgoals.
Accordingtome,Espiritdecorpsisthemostimportantprincipleasentireorganizationshould
betreatedasoneunit.
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