M S RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY

PROJECT SYNOPSIS ON
HYBRID APPROACH OF DATA COLLECTION
MECHANISM FOR WSN USING
HYPOTHETICAL MIMO CONCEPT

Submitted By

SURAJ v H

1MS14LDC15

M.TECH 3rd SEM

(DIGITAL COMMUNICATION engineering)

Under the Guidance Of

prof. s.g.shivaprasad

professor, Dept. of TELECommunication,

MSRIT,Bengaluru

ABSTRACT
Wireless sensor network is a resource constrained network especially from view point
of energy. Different approaches of energy conservation has been adopted in traditional
approach. This project aims to introduce a new approach of virtual Multiple Input Multiple
Output (vMIMO) based approach of data gathering by collaborating many individual sensor
nodes with single antenna and provides a nation of MIMO. The problem is conceptualized as
a joint problem of vMIMO and data gathering which is a NP-hard problem. A distributed
method for approximation algorithm is aims to be denoted, where a tree-like topology will be
built by considering distinguish characteristics of vMIMO and finally, an energy efficient
routing protocol will be modelled to simulate and evaluate its effectiveness in terms of energy
consumption and finally will be compared with LEACH.

1.0 INTRODUCTION
In the last two decade, extensive research have been conducted in the field of
individual sensors. Network protocol, wireless communication standards, Ad-hoc technology,
wireless sensor network is the collaboration of all above. With unique characteristic of its
nodes. Various civil and military applications have been conceptualized and implemented
with a small area deployment of WSN. For future large scale deployment of WSN existing
techniques of energy conservations and data gathering poses its complexities towards the
constraints of data aggregation. Data fusion, which cannot be implemented for large scale
deployment.

There is a need of data gathering mechanism without conducting data fusion. Apart
from clustering, hierarchical routing, the effect of signal fading also plays a crucial role in
energy consumption. More the signal fading of a wireless channel more would be power
consumption. Consideration of spatial diversity in design leads to lower power consumption.
The spatial diversity in design leads to lower power consumption. The spatial diversity
quickly achieved by implementing multiple transceiver at node, like MIMO system. Whereas
sensor node of WSN could not achieve objective of multiple antenna, because of it hardware
constraints. Therefore with the use of single antenna node a concept of virtual MIMO is
introduced to reduce the power consumption.

Traditionally, vMIMO uses a fixed topology. But it would be more advantageous to

propose a specially designed topology along with energy efficient routing protocol. The area

to be explored in contrast to traditional vMIMO approach. To approximate the performance

guarantee to data gathering problem in sensor network. This project aims to build an
analytical model of Joint-vMIMO and data gathering based energy efficient routing protocol
and simulate it to study its behaviour and performance and finally, comparisons with
LEACH.

1.1 PROBLEM DESCRIPTION

The analytical modelling of Joint-vMIMO and data gathering for energy efficient routing is a
NP-hard problem. So, the optimal solution will exhibits high computation complexity. Thus,
the considered problem will be formulates a distributed heuristic algorithm. Where a tree like
topology will be constructed with special features of vMIMO combining cooperative node
pairs. Then for constructed topology and energy efficient routing protocol will be proposed
using dynamic programming.

1.2 OBJECTIVES
In order to provide solutions to problem, following objectives are set:
1. Identifying the decision variables to formulate a transmission power expression using
dependent and independent variables of vMIMO, special characteristics facility such
as power consumption of all power amplifier and power consumption for all circuit
blocks.
2. Formulate and objective function for Joint-vMIMO and data gathering.
3. Simulate the model and measure its performance parameters.

2.0 LITERATURE SURVEY

This section discusses about the most related prior study conducted for addressing
security loopholes in Wireless Sensor Network.

Mijovic et al. [1] have proposed an energy efficient optimal design for cooperative
WSNs, by considering a network with low cost sensor nodes used for data transfer towards
the sinks. The authors have focused on the hardware limitations of the present devices of
these kinds. The study focuses in recent developments over the MIMO field that clarifies the
performance analysis. The aim of the proposed study is to give the required sensors nodes for
deployment of optimal design of WSN with energy efficiency. The authors have outcome
with a simple and overhead design of cooperative WSN. The energy efficiency performance
is anal sized and sensor nodes optimization at channel estimation phase duration. The
analysis concludes that the sensor nodes number increases along with increase in sink number
and the optimization problems are solved.

Jayaweera [2] has given architecture for virtual MIMO, for energy-distributed and
constrained for WSNs. The architecture is presented based on processing of V-BLAST
scheme and it is not depends upon the sensor cooperation at transmitter side, thus is there is
no communication of inter sensor between the nodes of data collection nodes. The authors

have taken account of power consumption of circuit and transmission. The author has
outcome with good energy starved communication architecture with delay tolerance at WSNs
of no communication of inter sensor between the nodes of data collection.

Patil et al. [3] have presented the energy efficient schemes for WSN. The new
improved method for performance improvement and energy efficient technique is described
MIMO and Multihop (MIHOP).The study outcomes that the MIHOP out forms significantly
in point of energy efficiency and consumption of energy during transmission. The MIHOP
combines Virtual MIMO based on cluster with technologies of Multi-hop along sink node of
mobile.

Husain et al. [4] have presents the Virtual MIMO techniques for energy efficient
communication betters the WSNs. The authors have considered the variable and fixed rates
for virtual MIMO. The authors have outcome with the highly energy efficient MIMO for
large distance in compression with the Single Input Single Output (SISO).

Zan et al. [5] has presented transmission scheme of energy saving of virtual MIMO
for WSN, based on space time coding (virtual MIMO STBC) technology in combination with
transmission architecture for clustered head cooperative which is suitable for WSN based on
MIMO STBC with performance analysis. The author have presented good energy efficient,
deduced crusted model.

Rao et al. [6] have presented a virtual MIMO based on cluster for WSN. The analysis
model was based on whole network energy consumption. The virtual MIMO provides more

efficiency than MIMO and the results in the Simulink provides efficient energy without break
of sensor signal, especially in which the sink will be far from sensor area.

Tang et al. [7] have presented an algorithm for data gathering of maximum life time
with problem of aggregation over sensor networks. The authors have described the iterative
algorithm for solution over Maximum Life Data gathering with aggregation problems of
WSN. The author have outcome with effective and efficient algorithm with good results of
experiments.

Yu et al. [8] have energy reduction in data gathering at real time operation of WSNs.
The study focused on many energy minimization during data gathering over many sources.
The authors have used baseline for transmitting the packets at high speed and radios
shutdown later. The real time applications scenarios are considered, where the data gathering
has to be performed in a specified constraint. The study outcomes with simple, distributed
protocol (online) which depends on information available on every sensor nodes.

Fan et al. [9] have given performance study of virtual MIMO for WSN based upon
communication architecture. The clusters in WSN are considered, after that optimal power
transmission (TP) scheme is described for cooperative nodes of sensors. By minimizing the
bit error rate. I.e. BER, the optimal to of closed form is derived. The simulation is carried out
in order to check the results of performance. The study outcomes with energy efficient
explanation of virtual MIMO for WSN.

3.0 PROPOSED METHOD

In this project, the distributed vMIMO methodology is designed for the data
aggregation of wireless sensor network. The proposed topology uses a topology construction
algorithm which is termed as v-MTC. The proposed technique also uses a construction of tree
topology where the path from each node to the base station is also determined.

3.1 TOOLS USED

The technical requirement specification of the project can be classified as:
1. Hardware Requirement Specification
Desktop PC / laptop with Intel Core processor, Min. 4 GB RAM with
2.20 GHz (min) processor. Preferably Windows 32 bit OS (version 7)
2. Software Requirement Specification
MATLAB.

4.0

CONCLUSION
vMIMO is an efficient mean to reduce power and energy in wireless communication.

This work will been implemented and analysed for the energy-efficient data gathering
problem with vMIMO communication for WSN. The work defines a new optimization
problem called joint-vMIMO and data gathering and designed a distributed algorithm DvMDG, which consists of vMIMO aware topology construction and vMIMO aware energy
efficient route selection.
5.0 REFERENCES
[1] S. Mijovic, L. Sanguinetti, Chiara Buratti, and M. Debbah, "Optimal Design of EnergyEfficient Cooperative WSNs: How Many Sensors Are Needed?", retrieved, 22nd August,
2015.
[2] Jayaweera, Sudharman K. "Virtual MIMO-based cooperative communication for energyconstrained wireless sensor networks." Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on 5,
no. 5 (2006): 984-989.
[3] Patil, Mallanagouda, and Rajashekhar C. Biradar. "A survey on routing protocols in
wireless sensor networks." In Networks (ICON), 2012 18th IEEE International Conference
on, pp. 86-91. IEEE, 2012.
[4] Hussain, Sajid, Anwarul Azim, and Jong Hyuk Park. "Energy efficient virtual MIMO
communication for wireless sensor networks." Telecommunication Systems 42, no. 1-2
(2009): 139-149.
[5] Zan, Fengbiao. "Wireless Sensor Network in the Virtual MIMO Energy-saving
Transmission Scheme." International Journal of Future Generation Communication and
Networking 7, no. 5 (2014): 75-84.

[6] Valli, R., and P. Dananjayan. "A non-cooperative game theoretical approach for power
control in virtual MIMO wireless sensor network." arXiv preprint arXiv:1007.5168 (2010).
[7] Kalpakis, Konstantinos, and Shilang Tang. "A combinatorial algorithm for the maximum
lifetime data gathering with aggregation problem in sensor networks." Computer
Communications 32, no. 15 (2009): 1655-1665.
[8] Yu, Yang, Bhaskar Krishnamachari, and Viktor K. Prasanna. "Energy-latency tradeoffs
for data gathering in wireless sensor networks." In INFOCOM 2004. Twenty-third
AnnualJoint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, vol. 1. IEEE,
2004.
[9] LI, Yan-hua, Man-man PENG, and Fan-zai ZENG. "Chain-based Virtual MIMO Scheme
for Wireless Sensor Networks [J]." Computer Engineering 19 (2009).