Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
2.
3.
4.
Health
promotion
(healthy
lifestyle)
Disease Prevention
Care of the sick and prevention of
complications
Alleviation of suffering
Facilitate early recovery from
illness
Rehabilitation (bringing the client
to his old lifestyle)
Prevention of disability and death
If death is inevitable, assist family
to accept death.
Professional nurse: Assists client
throughout lifespan.
Health to illness. Womb to tomb.
Counselor/Trainer/Health
Educator who aims towards health
promotion and illness prevention
through dissemination of correct
information;
educating
people.
Identifies and interprets training
needs of the RHNs, Barangay Health
workers amd hilots. It also provides
and arranges learning experiences for
RHMs, affiliates (nursing midwife and
other health workers). It conducts
trainings for RHMs and Hilots on
promotion of health. It organizes
counseling, orientation and training of
concerned groups. It acts as resource
speaker, person on related services. It
participates in the development and
distribution of Information Education
and Communication (IEC) materials.
Its conducts IEC orientation for
groups.
It
conducts
premarital
counseling. It uses TVs, radios, madias
and
etc.
for
health
education
purposes.
- Identifies and interprets training
needs of the RHMs, Barangay Health
Workers and Hilots.
- Formulates appropriate training
program designed for the RHMs,
BHWs and Hilots.
- Provides and arranges learning
experiences
for
RHMs,
affiliates
(nursing and midwife) and other
health workers.
- Conducts training for RHMs and
Hilots on health promotion.
Organizes
counseling/orientation/training
of
concerned groups.
- Acts as a resource speaker/person on
related services.
- Conducts IEC orientation for groups.
- Conducts premarital counseling.
- Use of TUS, radios, medias and
etcetera
for
health
education
purposes.
Service coordinator: provided by the
members of the health team and
other government organizations (GOs)
and non-government organizations
(NGOs)
Coordinates
nursing
process/
program with other health programs
Recommending
herbal
and
symptomatic medsetc.
In the care of the families:
Provision of primary health care
services
Developmental/Utilization of family
nursing care plan in the provision of
care
In the care of the communities:
Community organizing mobilization,
community development and people
empowerment
Case finding and epidemiological
investigation
Planning, implementation and
evaluation
Influencing executive and legislative
individuals or bodies concerning
health and development
Responsibilities of CHN
Be a part in developing an overall
health plan, its implementation and
evaluation
for communities
Provide
opportunities
for
professional growth and continuing
education for staff development
all
ages,
families,
groups
and
communities, sick or well, and in all
settings.
Nursing
includes
the
promotion of health, prevention of
illness and the care of ill disabled and
dying people.
Research
Practice
Education
BP Apparatus
Thermometer
Interview, Observation, Analyzing
data
3 Terms of CHN:
Community (Client)
Health (Goal)
Nursing (Means/Provider)
Community
came from the Latin
word, Communitas meaning, the
same. Also from Communis. Comes
from the combination od Latin word:
com together and munis which
has to do with performing services.
1.
ICN:
Nursing encompasses collaborative
and autonomous care of individuals of
Prolong life
Promote health
Efficiency through holistic
and
systematic
and
organized community health
services
Combines skills, knowledge
and theories in the process
Health Education
Direct and Indirect Health
Care
Health
Counseling
and
Guidance
Health Management
Referral
Coordination
of
Health
Services
Community organization of
Health action
Conflict
resolution
and
mediation
Stress management in the
community
Principles:
1.
2.
3.
Health
and
interrelated
development
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Community Participation:
Conduct
between
health
service and people
Effort should not be from
outside and unfamiliar to
people
Requires the development of
the community to participate
in charting their own health
destiny
Health worker
Poorly motivated
Lack of dedication
Indifference
Lack of incentive
Lack of skills in problemsolving, managerial skills,
and community organization
Community
is
1.
Administrator:
Indifference
Apathy
Dependence
Resistance to change
Superstitious beliefs
Traditional ways
Values restraint to change
Elevating
health
to
a
comprehensive
and
situated
national effort
- Desired outcome: support
from parents, families to
make decisions on their
health
Require
expanding
participation
as
service
provider or beneficiary
- Advocacy to National and
local policy
B.
Promoting
and
supporting
community managed health care
C. Increasing efficiencies in the health
sector
- DOH will safeguard and strengthen
the integration of health operation to
maintain the quality of health care
using appropriate technology will
make the services and resources
required for their delivery effective,
affordable, accessible, and culturally
acceptable.
Health
cannot
work
in
isolation. Neither can sector
claim
monopoly
to
the
solution of the community.
Health has become a mutisectoral concern, everybody
works
in
solution
of
community health problems
Health Education
Treatment of locally endemic
diseases
3. Immunization
4. Maternal and child and family
planning
5. Provision of essential drugs
6. Adequate food and proper
nutrition
7. Control
of
communicable
diseases
8. Environment sanitation
9. Provision of medical care and
emergency treatment
10. Dental health program
11. Access or use of hospital
facilities
12. Mental health program
Available
man
power
resources
Local Health needs and
problems
Political
and
financial
feasibility
PHC Team:
Physician
Nurses
Midwives
Nurse auxillaries
Locally trained community
health workers
Traditional birth attendants
Healers
(Albularyos/Quack
doctors)
2.
Outcome
Community
1.
2.
Appropriate Technology
Disease oriented
Individual centered
Hospital based
3.
4.
Health oriented
People centered
Community based
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Goal
THC: Absence of disease
PHC: Development/preventive health
care
Focus of care
THC: The sick
2.
3.
4.
Setting for
5.
Services
7.
8.
People
Reorientation
and
reorganization of the NHC
system
with
the
establishment of functional
support mechanism
Effective preparation and
enabling process for health
action at all levels.
Mobilization of people
Development and utilization
of appropriate technology
Organization of communities
arising from their expressed
needs
Increase opportunities for
community participation in
local
level
planning,
management,
maintaining
and evaluation
Development
of
intrasectoral linkages with other
government
and
private
agencies.
Emphasizing partnership so
that health workers and the
community leaders
4 Cornerstones/Pillar in PHC
1.
2.
3.
4.
Technology
THC:
Modern
motivated.
medicine.
PHC:
Promotive
and
services.
Traditional
Acceptance
of
practitioners.
Active
community
participation
Intasectoral and intersectoral
Use of appropriate technique
Support mechanisms made
available
Doctor
Health community
preventive
medicine.
indigenous
5.
Demography
Study
of
size,
territorial
distribution and composition of
the population and the changes
wherein.
Population
Community as a place
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Geographical
location,
physical characteristics
The environment
Channel of communications
Health and health facilities
Resources
and
interrelationships
Community as a system
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Characteristics of a community
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.
7.
6.
7.
8.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Urban Community
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Source
(income)
latest
Core (People)
-represent the people that
make up the community
-demographics
of
the
population, values, beliefs
and history of the people
8 subsystems
A. Housing (type of housing
facilities
in
the
community,
enough
housing
facilities
available)
B. Education
(ratio
of
health
educators
to
learners, distribution of
educational
facilities,
who utilizes these)
C. Fire and safety (fire
protection illness, fire
prevention
activities,
distribution of these)
D. Politics and government
(political
structures
present
in
the
community,
decisionmaking process. Pattern,
leadership observed)
E. Health (health facilities
and
activities,
distribution
and
utilization,
ratio
of
providers to clientele
served,
priorities
in
health,
programs
developed
F.
Communication
-Systems,
types
of
communication existing,
forms of communication,
be it formal etc.
3.
2.
Healthy
Healthy Community
4 Characteristics of a community
1.
livelihood
G. Economics
H. Recreation
of
Components
Types of community
Environmental Sanitation
Facilities
C. Economic Factors:
1.
B.
Rurban Community
Functions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3rd
level
of
occupation:
commerce and industry
Predominant
secondary
relations (co-workers)
Political influences
- influences social climate in
which people live political
justifications have the power
and authority to regulate the
environment
Ex:
Safety,
oppression,
people
empowerment,
increase of crimes, lack of
safety affect health.
2.
Behavioral influences
care
delivery
system
5. Environmental influences
Mans
supply
of
food
continued to threaten
Socio-economic influences
The
middle
and
upper
income group have pressing
health problems (drug-abuse,
lifestyle disease)
2.
Social
community
of
the
to
Community
Welfare Approach
the
immediate
or
spontaneous
response
to
ameliorate the manifestation
of poverty, especially on the
personal level. Assumes that
poverty
is
God-given,
destined, hence the poor
should accept their condition
since they will receive their
just reward in heaven.
2. Modernization Approach
- also referred to as the project
development approach. It introduces
whether resources are lacking in a
given community. It is also considered
a national strategy which adopts the
western
mode
of
technological
development.
It
assumes
that
development consist of abandoning
the traditional methods of doing
things and must adopt the technology
of industrial country. It believes that
poverty is due to lack of education,
lack of resources such as capital and
technology.
3.
Transformatory/Participatory
Approach
The
process
of
empowering/transforming the poor
and the oppressed sectors of society
so that they can pursue a more just
and humane society. It assumes that
poverty is not God-given, rather, it is
rooted in the historical past, and is
maintained
by
the
oppressive
structures in society. Poverty is caused
by
prevalence
of
exploitation,
oppression, domination and other
unjust structures.
Principles of COPAR
1.
2.
2.
COPAR
Definitions:
1.
2.
3.
environment
Designing
a
plan
for
community
development
including all its activities and
strategies
for
care/development
Designing criteria for the
selection of site
Actually selecting the site for
community care
Entry
Phase:
sometimes
called
preparation phase as it includes the
sensitization of the people on the
critical events in their life, motivating
them to share their dreams, and ideas
on how to manage their concerns and
eventually mobilizing them to take
collective action of these. This phase
signals the actual entry of the
community worker/organizer into the
community. She must be guided by
the following guidelines however:
Critical Steps
Organization
1.
2.
Sustenance/strengthening
Phase:
community organization has already
been established and the community
members
are
already
actively
participating
in
community-wide
undertakings.
3.
Strategies:
4.
Building
5.
6.
7.
8.
Peoples
Integration
Immerse
self
with
community:
understand
culture, conduct house to
house visits
Social
investigation:
systematic
process
of
collecting,
collating,
analyzing data to draw a
clear
picture
of
the
community
(community
study, use of questionnaires
like
survey,
community
leaders trained to assist
community workers to do S.I.,
data must be efficiently
collected, confirmation and
validation of community data
should be done regularly)
Tentative program planning:
choose one issue to work on
and begin organizing with
people
Ground work: going around
and motivating the people on
a one on one basis to do
As
recorder/documenter/reporter,
community worker keeps a written
account
of
services
rendered,
observations, conditions, needs, and
problems.
Record refers to forms on which
information pertaining the client is
noted.
Report refers to periodic summaries of
the
services/activities
of
an
organizational/unit or the analysis of
certain phases of its work.