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Listsofearthquakes

FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Thefollowingisalistofearthquakelists,andoftopearthquakesbymagnitudeandfatalities.

Contents
1 Mainlists
2 Listsofearthquakesbycountry
3 Strongestearthquakesbymagnitude
4 Strongestearthquakesbycountry
5 Costliestearthquakes
6 Deadliestearthquakesonrecord
7 Seealso
8 References
9 Externallinks

Mainlists
Historicalearthquakes(before1901)
Listof20thcenturyearthquakes(19012000)
Listof21stcenturyearthquakes(2001present)

Listsofearthquakesbycountry
Afghanistan
Algeria
Argentina
MendozaProvince
Armenia
Australia
Azerbaijan
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
China
SichuanProvince
Colombia
CostaRica
Cuba
Ecuador
Egypt
ElSalvador
Eritrea
Georgia(country)
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Haiti
Iceland

India
Indonesia
Iran
Italy
Japan
Mexico
Nepal
NewZealand
Nicaragua
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Philippines
Romania
VranceaCounty
Samoa
SouthAfrica
SouthAsia
Spain
Taiwan
Turkey
UnitedKingdom
UnitedStates
Alaska
California
Hawaii
Illinois
Washington
Venezuela

Strongestearthquakesbymagnitude
Listedbelowareallknownearthquakesmeasuredor
estimatedtohaveamagnitudeof8.5oraboveonthe
momentmagnitudeorRichtermagnitudescale.
Thislistisbiasedtowardsrecentyearsdueto
developmentandwidespreaddeploymentof
seismometers.Also,recordsthatweredetailedenoughto
makemagnitudeestimates(est.)werenotgenerally
availablebefore1900.[2]

Apiechartcomparingtheseismicmomentreleaseofthethreelargest
earthquakesforthehundredyearperiodfrom1906to2005withthat
forallearthquakesofmagnitudes<6,6to7,7to8and>8forthe
sameperiod

Earthquakesofmagnitude8.0andgreatersince1900.Theapparent
3Dvolumesofthebubblesarelinearlyproportionaltotheir
respectivefatalities. [1]

Rank

Date

Location

Event

Magnitude

May22,1960

Valdivia,Chile

1960Valdiviaearthquake

9.5[3]

March27,1964

PrinceWilliamSound,Alaska,UnitedStates

1964Alaskaearthquake

9.2[3]

December26,2004 IndianOcean,Sumatra,Indonesia

2004IndianOcean
earthquake

9.1[3]

March11,2011

PacificOcean,Thokuregion,Japan

2011Thokuearthquake

9.0[4][5][6]

November4,1952

Kamchatka,RussianSFSR,SovietUnion

1952Kamchatka
earthquakes

9.0[7]

August13,1868

Arica,Chile(thenPeru)

1868Aricaearthquake

9.0(est.)[8]

January26,1700

PacificOcean,USAandCanada(thenpartofthe
1700Cascadiaearthquake
BritishEmpire)

8.79.2(est.)

July9,869

PacificOcean,Thokuregion,Japan

869Sanrikuearthquake

8.9(est.)

December2,1611

PacificOcean,Hokkaido,Japan

1611Sanrikuearthquake

8.9(est.)

10

April2,1762

Chittagong,Bangladesh(thenKingdomof
MraukU)

1762Arakanearthquake

8.8(est.)

11

November25,1833

Sumatra,Indonesia(thenpartoftheDutchEast
Indies)

1833Sumatraearthquake

8.8(est.)

12

January31,1906

EcuadorColombia

1906EcuadorColombia
earthquake

8.8[3]

13

February27,2010

OffshoreMaule,Chile

2010Chileearthquake

8.8[3]

14

August15,1950

Assam,IndiaTibet,China

1950AssamTibet
earthquake

8.7

15

October28,1707

PacificOcean,Shikokuregion,Japan

1707Heiearthquake

8.7(est.)

16

July8,1730

Valparaiso,Chile(thenpartoftheSpanish
Empire)

1730Valparaiso
earthquake

8.7(est.)[10]

17

November1,1755

AtlanticOcean,Lisbon,Portugal

1755Lisbonearthquake

8.59.0[11]

18

February4,1965

RatIslands,Alaska,UnitedStates

1965RatIslands
earthquake

8.7[3]

19

October28,1746

Lima,Peru(thenpartoftheSpanishEmpire)

1746LimaCallao
earthquake

8.6(est.)

20

March28,1787

Oaxaca,Mexico(thenpartoftheSpanish
Empire)

1787Mexicoearthquake

8.6(est.)

21

March9,1957

AndreanofIslands,Alaska,UnitedStates

1957AndreanofIslands
earthquake

8.6[3]

22

March28,2005

Sumatra,Indonesia

2005Sumatraearthquake

8.6[3]

23

April11,2012

IndianOcean,Sumatra,Indonesia

2012Acehearthquake

8.6

24

December16,1575

Valdivia,Chile(thenpartoftheSpanish
Empire)

1575Valdiviaearthquake

8.5(est.)

25

November24,1604 Arica,Chile(thenpartoftheSpanishEmpire)

1604Aricaearthquake

8.5(est.)

26

May13,1647

Santiago,Chile(thenpartoftheSpanish
Empire)

1647Santiagoearthquake

27

May24,1751

Concepcin,Chile(thenpartoftheSpanish
Empire)

1751Concepcin
earthquake

8.5(est.)

28

November19,1822 Valparaso,Chile

1822Valparaso
earthquake

8.5(est.)

29

February20,1835

Concepcin,Chile

1835Concepcin
earthquake

8.5(est.)

30

February16,1861

Sumatra,Indonesia

1861Sumatraearthquake

8.5

31

May9,1877

Iquique,Chile(thenPeru)

1877Iquiqueearthquake

8.5(est.)

32

November10,1922 AtacamaRegion,Chile

1922Vallenarearthquake

8.5[12]

[9]

8.5(est.)

33

February1,1938

BandaSea,Indonesia(thenpartoftheDutch
EastIndies)

1938BandaSea
earthquake

8.5[3]

34

October13,1963

KurilIslands,Russia(USSR)

1963KurilIslands
earthquake

8.5[3]

35

September12,2007 Sumatra,Indonesia

2007Sumatraearthquakes 8.5[3]

36

October20,1687

Lima,Peru(thenpartoftheSpanishEmpire)

1687Peruearthquake

8.5(est.)

37

October17,1737

Kamchatka,Russia

1737Kamchatka
earthquakes

8.5(est.)

38

August3,1361

PacificOcean,Shikokuregion,Japan

1361Shheiearthquake

8.5(est.)

39

June15,1896

PacificOcean,Thokuregion,Japan

1896Sanrikuearthquake

8.5(est.)

Strongestearthquakesbycountry
Thislistisaworkinprogress.Informationislikelytobechanged.
Pleasenote,multiplecountriescouldhavethesameearthquakelisted,suchasthe1906EcuadorColombiaearthquake
beinglistedforbothEcuadorandColombia.
Unlessotherwisenoted,magnitudesarereportedontheMomentmagnitudescale(Mw).

Country

Magnitude

Date

Moreinformation

Afghanistan

7.5Mw

26October2015

2015HinduKushearthquake

Algeria

7.7Ms

10October1980

1980ElAsnamearthquake

Argentina

8.0Ms

27October1894

1894SanJuanearthquake

Australia

7.2

29April1941

ListofearthquakesinAustralia

Bangladesh

8.8

2April1762

1762Arakanearthquake

Belgium

6.3

18September1692 Epicentre:Verviers

Bolivia

8.5Ms

9May1877

1877Iquiqueearthquake

Brazil

6.2

31January1955

[13]

Bulgaria

7.8

4April1904

Epicentre:StrumaRiver

Canada

8.79.2[9]

26January1700

1700Cascadiaearthquake

Chile

9.5

22May1960

1960Valdiviaearthquake

China

8.6

15August1950

1950AssamTibetearthquake

Colombia

8.8

31January1906

1906EcuadorColombiaearthquake

Cuba

6.8Ms

11June1766

[14]

Denmark

4.24.3Mw[15] 16December2008

DominicanRepublic 8.1Ms

4August1946

1946DominicanRepublicearthquake

Ecuador

8.8

31January1906

1906EcuadorColombiaearthquake

Egypt

7.3

22November1995 1995GulfofAqabaearthquake

Estonia

4.5

25October1976

Finland

3.5

21February1989

France

6.2

11June1909

Germany

6.1

18February1756

Greece

8.5+

21July365

365Creteearthquake

Guatemala

7.7(7.9Ms)

6August1942

1942Guatemalaearthquake

Haiti

8.1Ms

7May1842

1842CapHaitienearthquake

Iceland

6.6ML

17June2000

2000Icelandearthquakes

India

8.6

15August1950

1950AssamTibetearthquake

Indonesia

9.2

26December2004 2004BoxingDayearthquake

Iran

7.9Ms

22December856

856Damghanearthquake

Italy

7.4

11January1693

1693Sicilyearthquake

Japan

9.0

11March2011

2011Thokuearthquake

Lebanon

7.5

9July551

551Beirutearthquake

Malaysia

6.0

5June2015

2015Sabahearthquake

Mexico

8.6

28March1787

1787Mexicoearthquake

Mongolia

8.4

23July1905

1905Bolnaiearthquake

Montenegro

7.0

15April1979

1979Montenegroearthquake

8.2

6June1505

1505LoMustangearthquake

Netherlands

5.3(5.8ML)

13April1992

1992Roermondearthquake

NewZealand

8.3

23January1855

1855Wairarapaearthquake

Nicaragua

7.7

2September1992 1992Nicaraguaearthquake

NorthKorea

6.5Ms[16]

19March1952

Norway

6.2

19February2004

Nepal

1909Provenceearthquake

2004Svalbardearthquake

Pakistan

8.1

28November1945 1945Balochistanearthquake

Peru

8.6

28October1746

Philippines

8.3MsandMw 15August1918

Poland

5.4

31December1999

Portugal

8.59.0

1November1755

1755Lisbonearthquake

Romania

7.9

26October1802

1802Vranceaearthquake

Russia

9.0

4November1952

1952Kamchatkaearthquake

Samoa

8.5

26June1917

1917Samoaearthquake

SouthAfrica

6.3

29September1969

Spain

7.1Mb[17]

29March1954

Sweden

4.7

15September2014

6.5

18October1356

Taiwan

7.6(7.3Ms)

21September1999 921earthquake

Thailand

6.3

5May2014

Turkey

7.8Ms

27December1939 1939Erzincanearthquake

UnitedKingdom

6.1ML

7June1931

1931DoggerBankearthquake

UnitedStates

9.2

27March1964

1964Alaskaearthquake

Venezuela

7.5Ms

26March1812

1967Caracasearthquake

Vietnam

6.8

24June1983

TuanGiaoearthquake

Switzerland

1746LimaCallaoearthquake
1918CelebesSeaearthquake

1356Baselearthquake
2014MaeLaoearthquake

Costliestearthquakes
Thisisalistormajorearthquakesbythedollarvalueofproperty(publicandprivate)lossesdirectlyattributabletothe
earthquake.Whereverpossible,indirectandsocioeconomiclossesareexcluded.Pleasenotethatdamageestimatesfor
particularearthquakesmayvarythroughtimeasmoredatabecomesavailable.

Rank

PropertyDamages
(InflationAdjusted)[18]

Event

Location

Magnitude

PropertyDamages
(NonAdjusted)

$312billion

1995GreatHanshin
earthquake

Japan

6.9

$200billion[19]

$249billion

2011Japan
Earthquakeand
Tsunami

Japan

9.0[6]

$235billion[20][21]

$95billion

2008Sichuan
earthquake

Sichuan,China

8.0

$86billion[22]

$67billion

1994Northridge
earthquake

LosAngeles,
UnitedStates

6.7

$42billion[23]

$43billion

1980Irpinia
earthquake

Italy

6.9[24]

$15billion[24]

$42billion

1976Tangshan
earthquake

Hebei,China

7.8

$10billion[25]

$1642billion

2011Christchurch
earthquake

SouthIsland,
NewZealand

6.3[26]

$1540billion[27][28]

$35billion

2004Chetsu
earthquake

Japan

6.8

$28billion[24][29]

$29billion

1999zmitearthquake Turkey

7.6[24]

$20billion[24]

10

$21billion

1989LomaPrieta
earthquake

California,
UnitedStates

~7.06.9to7.1
$11billion
reported[30]

11

$1633billion

2010Chile
earthquake

Chile

8.8[31]

$1530billion[31]

12

$16billion

2012Emilia
earthquakes

Italy

6.1[32]

$15.8billion[33]

13

$14billion

1999921earthquake

Taiwan

7.6

$10billion

14

$10billion

April2015Nepal
earthquake

Nepal

7.8

$10billionto
rebuild.[34]

15

$9.5billion

1906SanFrancisco
earthquake

SanFrancisco,
UnitedStates

7.7to7.9
(est.)[32]

$400million[32]

16

$8.2billion

1923GreatKant
earthquake

Tokyo,Japan

7.9

$600million[24]

Deadliestearthquakesonrecord

Rank

Event

Date

Deadliestearthquakes[35]
Location
Fatalities

Magnitude

Notes

1556
Shaanxi
January23,1556
earthquake

Shaanxi,China

820,000830,000
(est.)[36]

8.0(est.)

1976
Tangshan July28,1976
earthquake

Hebei,China

242,769
655,000[37][38]

7.8

1920
NingxiaGansu,
Haiyuan
December16,1920
273,400[37][39]
China
earthquake

7.8

Majorfractures,landslides.

526
Antioch
May21,526
earthquake

240,000[40]

7.0(est.)[41]

Procopius(II.14.6),
sourcesbasedonJohnof
Ephesus.

2004
IndianOcean,
Indian
December26,2004 Sumatra,
Ocean
Indonesia
earthquake

230,210+[42][43]

9.19.3

Deathsfromearthquake
andresultingtsunami.

Unknown

Thefigureof230,000dead
isbasedonahistorical
conflationofthis
earthquakewith
earthquakesinNovember
1137ontheJaziraplain
andonSeptember30,1139
intheAzerbaijanicityof
Ganja.Thefirstmentionof
a230,000deathtollwasby
IbnTaghribirdiinthe
fifteenthcentury.[44]

100,000316,000

7.0

Estimatesvaryfrom
316,000(Haitian
government)to222,570
(UNOCHAestimate)[45]to
158,000(Medicine,
ConflictandSurvival)to
between85,000and46,000
(reportcommissionedby
USAID).[46][47]
TaiyuanandPingyang
wereleveled.

1138
Aleppo
October11,1138
earthquake

Antioch,
Turkey(then
Byzantine
Empire)

Aleppo,Syria

230,000

2010Haiti
January12,2010
earthquake

1303
Hongdong September25,1303 Shanxi,China
earthquake

200,000(est.)[48]

8.0(est.)

856
Damghan December22,856
earthquake

200,000(est.)

7.9Ms(est.)

Haiti

Damghan,Iran

10

893
Ardabil
March22,893
earthquake

Ardabil,Iran

150,000(est.)

Unknown

11

533
Aleppo
November29,533
Earthquake

Syria

130,000[51]

Unknown

Estimateddeathtollin
Shaanxi,China.

Reportsprobablyrelateto
the893Dvinearthquake,
duetomisreadingofthe
ArabicwordforDvin,
'Dabil'as'Ardabil'.[49]This
isregardedasa'fake
earthquake'.[50]

Thegroundshookfor30to
40secondsaround5:20
am,anddestruction

12

1908
Messina
December28,1908 Messina,Italy
earthquake

123,000[52]

7.1

13

1948
Ashgabat October6,1948
earthquake

Ashgabat,
TurkmenSSR
(modernday
Turkmenistan)

110,000[53]

7.3

14

1923Great
Kantregion,
Kant
September1,1923
Japan
earthquake

105,385[54]

7.9

15

1290
Ningcheng,
Chihli
September27,1290
China
earthquake

100,000[57]

6.8Ms

2005
Kashmir
October8,2005
earthquake

16

Seealso
Listofnaturaldisasters#Earthquakes
Listofdeadlyearthquakessince1900

Muzaffarabad,
Pakistan

86,000
7.6
87,351[58][59][60][61]

occurredwithina300km
radius.93%ofstructuresin
Messinaweredestroyed
and~70,000residentsdied.
Rescuerssearchedfor
weeks,andwholefamilies
werepulledoutalivedays
later.A40foot(12m)
tsunamistrucknearby
coasts.ReggioCalabriaon
theItalianmainlandalso
sufferedheavydamage.

Thisearthquakewithan
epicenterbeneathIzu
shimaIslandinSagami
Bay,shooktheKantplain
ontheJapaneseislandof
Honshat11:58am.
Shakingdurationreported
between4and10minutes,
devastatingTokyo,
Yokohama,Chiba,
Kanagawa,and
Shizuoka.[55]Shakingslid
the93tonGreatBuddha
statueatKamakuraalmost
twofeetforward.[56]
Casualtyestimatesrange
from100,000to142,800,
thelatterfigureincluding
~40,000missinglater
presumeddead.

Affectinganarea(mostly
ruggedterrain)ofabout
30,000km2[11,600sqmi],
thisearthquakedamaged
about6,440km[4,000mi]
ofroads,and5070%of
services,includingpower,
waterandsanitation.
Approximately400,153
houses,6,298schoolsand
796healthfacilitieswere
damagedordestroyed(UN
2006).Deathtollestimates
rangefrom86,00087,351,
withapproximately
138,000seriouslyinjured
and3.5millionpeople
displaced.

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Externallinks
SouthernCaliforniaEarthquakeCenter(SCEC)(http://www.scec.org)
WikimediaCommonshas
IRISSeismicMonitor(http://www.iris.edu/seismon/),Recentearthquakes
mediarelatedto
aroundtheworld
Earthquakes.
RecentNewZealandearthquakes
(http://www.geonet.org.nz/earthquake/quakes/recent_quakes.html)
SeismoArchives(http://www.iris.edu/seismo/),SeismogramArchivesofSignificantEarthquakesoftheWorld
USGSlistofearthquakesmagnitude6.0andgreatersortedbymagnitude
(http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/world/historical_mag_big.php)
Databaseforthedamageofworldearthquake,ancientperiod(3000BC)toyearof2006
(http://iisee.kenken.go.jp/utsu/index_eng.html)BuildingResearchInstitute(Japan)()
Visualizationofmostpowerfulanddeadliestearthquakessince1900(http://www.hivegroup.com/gallery/earthquakes/)
Treemapby"TheHiveGroup"
LargestEarthquakesintheWorldSince1900(http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/world/10_largest_world.php)
Mapofearthquakesinthelast24hours(http://www.todaysearthquakes.com/)
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