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Thefollowingisalistofearthquakelists,andoftopearthquakesbymagnitudeandfatalities.
Contents
1 Mainlists
2 Listsofearthquakesbycountry
3 Strongestearthquakesbymagnitude
4 Strongestearthquakesbycountry
5 Costliestearthquakes
6 Deadliestearthquakesonrecord
7 Seealso
8 References
9 Externallinks
Mainlists
Historicalearthquakes(before1901)
Listof20thcenturyearthquakes(19012000)
Listof21stcenturyearthquakes(2001present)
Listsofearthquakesbycountry
Afghanistan
Algeria
Argentina
MendozaProvince
Armenia
Australia
Azerbaijan
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
China
SichuanProvince
Colombia
CostaRica
Cuba
Ecuador
Egypt
ElSalvador
Eritrea
Georgia(country)
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Haiti
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran
Italy
Japan
Mexico
Nepal
NewZealand
Nicaragua
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Philippines
Romania
VranceaCounty
Samoa
SouthAfrica
SouthAsia
Spain
Taiwan
Turkey
UnitedKingdom
UnitedStates
Alaska
California
Hawaii
Illinois
Washington
Venezuela
Strongestearthquakesbymagnitude
Listedbelowareallknownearthquakesmeasuredor
estimatedtohaveamagnitudeof8.5oraboveonthe
momentmagnitudeorRichtermagnitudescale.
Thislistisbiasedtowardsrecentyearsdueto
developmentandwidespreaddeploymentof
seismometers.Also,recordsthatweredetailedenoughto
makemagnitudeestimates(est.)werenotgenerally
availablebefore1900.[2]
Apiechartcomparingtheseismicmomentreleaseofthethreelargest
earthquakesforthehundredyearperiodfrom1906to2005withthat
forallearthquakesofmagnitudes<6,6to7,7to8and>8forthe
sameperiod
Earthquakesofmagnitude8.0andgreatersince1900.Theapparent
3Dvolumesofthebubblesarelinearlyproportionaltotheir
respectivefatalities. [1]
Rank
Date
Location
Event
Magnitude
May22,1960
Valdivia,Chile
1960Valdiviaearthquake
9.5[3]
March27,1964
PrinceWilliamSound,Alaska,UnitedStates
1964Alaskaearthquake
9.2[3]
December26,2004 IndianOcean,Sumatra,Indonesia
2004IndianOcean
earthquake
9.1[3]
March11,2011
PacificOcean,Thokuregion,Japan
2011Thokuearthquake
9.0[4][5][6]
November4,1952
Kamchatka,RussianSFSR,SovietUnion
1952Kamchatka
earthquakes
9.0[7]
August13,1868
Arica,Chile(thenPeru)
1868Aricaearthquake
9.0(est.)[8]
January26,1700
PacificOcean,USAandCanada(thenpartofthe
1700Cascadiaearthquake
BritishEmpire)
8.79.2(est.)
July9,869
PacificOcean,Thokuregion,Japan
869Sanrikuearthquake
8.9(est.)
December2,1611
PacificOcean,Hokkaido,Japan
1611Sanrikuearthquake
8.9(est.)
10
April2,1762
Chittagong,Bangladesh(thenKingdomof
MraukU)
1762Arakanearthquake
8.8(est.)
11
November25,1833
Sumatra,Indonesia(thenpartoftheDutchEast
Indies)
1833Sumatraearthquake
8.8(est.)
12
January31,1906
EcuadorColombia
1906EcuadorColombia
earthquake
8.8[3]
13
February27,2010
OffshoreMaule,Chile
2010Chileearthquake
8.8[3]
14
August15,1950
Assam,IndiaTibet,China
1950AssamTibet
earthquake
8.7
15
October28,1707
PacificOcean,Shikokuregion,Japan
1707Heiearthquake
8.7(est.)
16
July8,1730
Valparaiso,Chile(thenpartoftheSpanish
Empire)
1730Valparaiso
earthquake
8.7(est.)[10]
17
November1,1755
AtlanticOcean,Lisbon,Portugal
1755Lisbonearthquake
8.59.0[11]
18
February4,1965
RatIslands,Alaska,UnitedStates
1965RatIslands
earthquake
8.7[3]
19
October28,1746
Lima,Peru(thenpartoftheSpanishEmpire)
1746LimaCallao
earthquake
8.6(est.)
20
March28,1787
Oaxaca,Mexico(thenpartoftheSpanish
Empire)
1787Mexicoearthquake
8.6(est.)
21
March9,1957
AndreanofIslands,Alaska,UnitedStates
1957AndreanofIslands
earthquake
8.6[3]
22
March28,2005
Sumatra,Indonesia
2005Sumatraearthquake
8.6[3]
23
April11,2012
IndianOcean,Sumatra,Indonesia
2012Acehearthquake
8.6
24
December16,1575
Valdivia,Chile(thenpartoftheSpanish
Empire)
1575Valdiviaearthquake
8.5(est.)
25
November24,1604 Arica,Chile(thenpartoftheSpanishEmpire)
1604Aricaearthquake
8.5(est.)
26
May13,1647
Santiago,Chile(thenpartoftheSpanish
Empire)
1647Santiagoearthquake
27
May24,1751
Concepcin,Chile(thenpartoftheSpanish
Empire)
1751Concepcin
earthquake
8.5(est.)
28
November19,1822 Valparaso,Chile
1822Valparaso
earthquake
8.5(est.)
29
February20,1835
Concepcin,Chile
1835Concepcin
earthquake
8.5(est.)
30
February16,1861
Sumatra,Indonesia
1861Sumatraearthquake
8.5
31
May9,1877
Iquique,Chile(thenPeru)
1877Iquiqueearthquake
8.5(est.)
32
November10,1922 AtacamaRegion,Chile
1922Vallenarearthquake
8.5[12]
[9]
8.5(est.)
33
February1,1938
BandaSea,Indonesia(thenpartoftheDutch
EastIndies)
1938BandaSea
earthquake
8.5[3]
34
October13,1963
KurilIslands,Russia(USSR)
1963KurilIslands
earthquake
8.5[3]
35
September12,2007 Sumatra,Indonesia
2007Sumatraearthquakes 8.5[3]
36
October20,1687
Lima,Peru(thenpartoftheSpanishEmpire)
1687Peruearthquake
8.5(est.)
37
October17,1737
Kamchatka,Russia
1737Kamchatka
earthquakes
8.5(est.)
38
August3,1361
PacificOcean,Shikokuregion,Japan
1361Shheiearthquake
8.5(est.)
39
June15,1896
PacificOcean,Thokuregion,Japan
1896Sanrikuearthquake
8.5(est.)
Strongestearthquakesbycountry
Thislistisaworkinprogress.Informationislikelytobechanged.
Pleasenote,multiplecountriescouldhavethesameearthquakelisted,suchasthe1906EcuadorColombiaearthquake
beinglistedforbothEcuadorandColombia.
Unlessotherwisenoted,magnitudesarereportedontheMomentmagnitudescale(Mw).
Country
Magnitude
Date
Moreinformation
Afghanistan
7.5Mw
26October2015
2015HinduKushearthquake
Algeria
7.7Ms
10October1980
1980ElAsnamearthquake
Argentina
8.0Ms
27October1894
1894SanJuanearthquake
Australia
7.2
29April1941
ListofearthquakesinAustralia
Bangladesh
8.8
2April1762
1762Arakanearthquake
Belgium
6.3
18September1692 Epicentre:Verviers
Bolivia
8.5Ms
9May1877
1877Iquiqueearthquake
Brazil
6.2
31January1955
[13]
Bulgaria
7.8
4April1904
Epicentre:StrumaRiver
Canada
8.79.2[9]
26January1700
1700Cascadiaearthquake
Chile
9.5
22May1960
1960Valdiviaearthquake
China
8.6
15August1950
1950AssamTibetearthquake
Colombia
8.8
31January1906
1906EcuadorColombiaearthquake
Cuba
6.8Ms
11June1766
[14]
Denmark
4.24.3Mw[15] 16December2008
DominicanRepublic 8.1Ms
4August1946
1946DominicanRepublicearthquake
Ecuador
8.8
31January1906
1906EcuadorColombiaearthquake
Egypt
7.3
22November1995 1995GulfofAqabaearthquake
Estonia
4.5
25October1976
Finland
3.5
21February1989
France
6.2
11June1909
Germany
6.1
18February1756
Greece
8.5+
21July365
365Creteearthquake
Guatemala
7.7(7.9Ms)
6August1942
1942Guatemalaearthquake
Haiti
8.1Ms
7May1842
1842CapHaitienearthquake
Iceland
6.6ML
17June2000
2000Icelandearthquakes
India
8.6
15August1950
1950AssamTibetearthquake
Indonesia
9.2
26December2004 2004BoxingDayearthquake
Iran
7.9Ms
22December856
856Damghanearthquake
Italy
7.4
11January1693
1693Sicilyearthquake
Japan
9.0
11March2011
2011Thokuearthquake
Lebanon
7.5
9July551
551Beirutearthquake
Malaysia
6.0
5June2015
2015Sabahearthquake
Mexico
8.6
28March1787
1787Mexicoearthquake
Mongolia
8.4
23July1905
1905Bolnaiearthquake
Montenegro
7.0
15April1979
1979Montenegroearthquake
8.2
6June1505
1505LoMustangearthquake
Netherlands
5.3(5.8ML)
13April1992
1992Roermondearthquake
NewZealand
8.3
23January1855
1855Wairarapaearthquake
Nicaragua
7.7
2September1992 1992Nicaraguaearthquake
NorthKorea
6.5Ms[16]
19March1952
Norway
6.2
19February2004
Nepal
1909Provenceearthquake
2004Svalbardearthquake
Pakistan
8.1
28November1945 1945Balochistanearthquake
Peru
8.6
28October1746
Philippines
8.3MsandMw 15August1918
Poland
5.4
31December1999
Portugal
8.59.0
1November1755
1755Lisbonearthquake
Romania
7.9
26October1802
1802Vranceaearthquake
Russia
9.0
4November1952
1952Kamchatkaearthquake
Samoa
8.5
26June1917
1917Samoaearthquake
SouthAfrica
6.3
29September1969
Spain
7.1Mb[17]
29March1954
Sweden
4.7
15September2014
6.5
18October1356
Taiwan
7.6(7.3Ms)
21September1999 921earthquake
Thailand
6.3
5May2014
Turkey
7.8Ms
27December1939 1939Erzincanearthquake
UnitedKingdom
6.1ML
7June1931
1931DoggerBankearthquake
UnitedStates
9.2
27March1964
1964Alaskaearthquake
Venezuela
7.5Ms
26March1812
1967Caracasearthquake
Vietnam
6.8
24June1983
TuanGiaoearthquake
Switzerland
1746LimaCallaoearthquake
1918CelebesSeaearthquake
1356Baselearthquake
2014MaeLaoearthquake
Costliestearthquakes
Thisisalistormajorearthquakesbythedollarvalueofproperty(publicandprivate)lossesdirectlyattributabletothe
earthquake.Whereverpossible,indirectandsocioeconomiclossesareexcluded.Pleasenotethatdamageestimatesfor
particularearthquakesmayvarythroughtimeasmoredatabecomesavailable.
Rank
PropertyDamages
(InflationAdjusted)[18]
Event
Location
Magnitude
PropertyDamages
(NonAdjusted)
$312billion
1995GreatHanshin
earthquake
Japan
6.9
$200billion[19]
$249billion
2011Japan
Earthquakeand
Tsunami
Japan
9.0[6]
$235billion[20][21]
$95billion
2008Sichuan
earthquake
Sichuan,China
8.0
$86billion[22]
$67billion
1994Northridge
earthquake
LosAngeles,
UnitedStates
6.7
$42billion[23]
$43billion
1980Irpinia
earthquake
Italy
6.9[24]
$15billion[24]
$42billion
1976Tangshan
earthquake
Hebei,China
7.8
$10billion[25]
$1642billion
2011Christchurch
earthquake
SouthIsland,
NewZealand
6.3[26]
$1540billion[27][28]
$35billion
2004Chetsu
earthquake
Japan
6.8
$28billion[24][29]
$29billion
1999zmitearthquake Turkey
7.6[24]
$20billion[24]
10
$21billion
1989LomaPrieta
earthquake
California,
UnitedStates
~7.06.9to7.1
$11billion
reported[30]
11
$1633billion
2010Chile
earthquake
Chile
8.8[31]
$1530billion[31]
12
$16billion
2012Emilia
earthquakes
Italy
6.1[32]
$15.8billion[33]
13
$14billion
1999921earthquake
Taiwan
7.6
$10billion
14
$10billion
April2015Nepal
earthquake
Nepal
7.8
$10billionto
rebuild.[34]
15
$9.5billion
1906SanFrancisco
earthquake
SanFrancisco,
UnitedStates
7.7to7.9
(est.)[32]
$400million[32]
16
$8.2billion
1923GreatKant
earthquake
Tokyo,Japan
7.9
$600million[24]
Deadliestearthquakesonrecord
Rank
Event
Date
Deadliestearthquakes[35]
Location
Fatalities
Magnitude
Notes
1556
Shaanxi
January23,1556
earthquake
Shaanxi,China
820,000830,000
(est.)[36]
8.0(est.)
1976
Tangshan July28,1976
earthquake
Hebei,China
242,769
655,000[37][38]
7.8
1920
NingxiaGansu,
Haiyuan
December16,1920
273,400[37][39]
China
earthquake
7.8
Majorfractures,landslides.
526
Antioch
May21,526
earthquake
240,000[40]
7.0(est.)[41]
Procopius(II.14.6),
sourcesbasedonJohnof
Ephesus.
2004
IndianOcean,
Indian
December26,2004 Sumatra,
Ocean
Indonesia
earthquake
230,210+[42][43]
9.19.3
Deathsfromearthquake
andresultingtsunami.
Unknown
Thefigureof230,000dead
isbasedonahistorical
conflationofthis
earthquakewith
earthquakesinNovember
1137ontheJaziraplain
andonSeptember30,1139
intheAzerbaijanicityof
Ganja.Thefirstmentionof
a230,000deathtollwasby
IbnTaghribirdiinthe
fifteenthcentury.[44]
100,000316,000
7.0
Estimatesvaryfrom
316,000(Haitian
government)to222,570
(UNOCHAestimate)[45]to
158,000(Medicine,
ConflictandSurvival)to
between85,000and46,000
(reportcommissionedby
USAID).[46][47]
TaiyuanandPingyang
wereleveled.
1138
Aleppo
October11,1138
earthquake
Antioch,
Turkey(then
Byzantine
Empire)
Aleppo,Syria
230,000
2010Haiti
January12,2010
earthquake
1303
Hongdong September25,1303 Shanxi,China
earthquake
200,000(est.)[48]
8.0(est.)
856
Damghan December22,856
earthquake
200,000(est.)
7.9Ms(est.)
Haiti
Damghan,Iran
10
893
Ardabil
March22,893
earthquake
Ardabil,Iran
150,000(est.)
Unknown
11
533
Aleppo
November29,533
Earthquake
Syria
130,000[51]
Unknown
Estimateddeathtollin
Shaanxi,China.
Reportsprobablyrelateto
the893Dvinearthquake,
duetomisreadingofthe
ArabicwordforDvin,
'Dabil'as'Ardabil'.[49]This
isregardedasa'fake
earthquake'.[50]
Thegroundshookfor30to
40secondsaround5:20
am,anddestruction
12
1908
Messina
December28,1908 Messina,Italy
earthquake
123,000[52]
7.1
13
1948
Ashgabat October6,1948
earthquake
Ashgabat,
TurkmenSSR
(modernday
Turkmenistan)
110,000[53]
7.3
14
1923Great
Kantregion,
Kant
September1,1923
Japan
earthquake
105,385[54]
7.9
15
1290
Ningcheng,
Chihli
September27,1290
China
earthquake
100,000[57]
6.8Ms
2005
Kashmir
October8,2005
earthquake
16
Seealso
Listofnaturaldisasters#Earthquakes
Listofdeadlyearthquakessince1900
Muzaffarabad,
Pakistan
86,000
7.6
87,351[58][59][60][61]
occurredwithina300km
radius.93%ofstructuresin
Messinaweredestroyed
and~70,000residentsdied.
Rescuerssearchedfor
weeks,andwholefamilies
werepulledoutalivedays
later.A40foot(12m)
tsunamistrucknearby
coasts.ReggioCalabriaon
theItalianmainlandalso
sufferedheavydamage.
Thisearthquakewithan
epicenterbeneathIzu
shimaIslandinSagami
Bay,shooktheKantplain
ontheJapaneseislandof
Honshat11:58am.
Shakingdurationreported
between4and10minutes,
devastatingTokyo,
Yokohama,Chiba,
Kanagawa,and
Shizuoka.[55]Shakingslid
the93tonGreatBuddha
statueatKamakuraalmost
twofeetforward.[56]
Casualtyestimatesrange
from100,000to142,800,
thelatterfigureincluding
~40,000missinglater
presumeddead.
Affectinganarea(mostly
ruggedterrain)ofabout
30,000km2[11,600sqmi],
thisearthquakedamaged
about6,440km[4,000mi]
ofroads,and5070%of
services,includingpower,
waterandsanitation.
Approximately400,153
houses,6,298schoolsand
796healthfacilitieswere
damagedordestroyed(UN
2006).Deathtollestimates
rangefrom86,00087,351,
withapproximately
138,000seriouslyinjured
and3.5millionpeople
displaced.
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Externallinks
SouthernCaliforniaEarthquakeCenter(SCEC)(http://www.scec.org)
WikimediaCommonshas
IRISSeismicMonitor(http://www.iris.edu/seismon/),Recentearthquakes
mediarelatedto
aroundtheworld
Earthquakes.
RecentNewZealandearthquakes
(http://www.geonet.org.nz/earthquake/quakes/recent_quakes.html)
SeismoArchives(http://www.iris.edu/seismo/),SeismogramArchivesofSignificantEarthquakesoftheWorld
USGSlistofearthquakesmagnitude6.0andgreatersortedbymagnitude
(http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/world/historical_mag_big.php)
Databaseforthedamageofworldearthquake,ancientperiod(3000BC)toyearof2006
(http://iisee.kenken.go.jp/utsu/index_eng.html)BuildingResearchInstitute(Japan)()
Visualizationofmostpowerfulanddeadliestearthquakessince1900(http://www.hivegroup.com/gallery/earthquakes/)
Treemapby"TheHiveGroup"
LargestEarthquakesintheWorldSince1900(http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/world/10_largest_world.php)
Mapofearthquakesinthelast24hours(http://www.todaysearthquakes.com/)
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