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What is Routing?
Routing is the process of selecting best paths in a network and forward data from
source to destination through it. Routing is usually performed by a dedicated device
called a router.
What is Protocol?
A 'protocol' is a set of invisible computer rules that enable two devices to connect
and transmit data to one another. Protocols determine how data are transmitted
between computing devices and over networks.
Explain difference between Router, Switch and Hub?
Hubs, switches, and routers are all computer networking devices with varying
capabilities. Let's look in detail
Hub
A hub is typically the least expensive, least intelligent, and least complicated of the
three. Its job is very simple anything that comes in one port is sent out to the
others. Hub has single collision domain and single broadcast domain
Switch
Switch is a device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments. Switches
operate at the data link layer (layer 2) and sometimes the network layer (layer 3) of
the OSI Reference Model and therefore support any packet protocol. Switches have
multiple collision domains and have a single broadcast domain
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Router
Router is a device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected
to at least two networks, commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP's
network. Routers won't forward broadcast. If a router is present in a network, we
may have at least TWO broadcast domains.
Explain broadcast and collision domain?
A broadcast domain is a logical division of a computer network, in which all nodes
can reach each other by broadcast at the data link layer.
A collision domain is a section of a network where data packets can collide
with one another when being sent on a shared medium or through repeaters
What is the size of IP Address?
32 bit for IPv4 and 128 bit for IPv6
IEEE standard for wireless networking?
IEEE 802.11
What is the range of class A address?
Class A Range from 1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254 and Supports 16 million hosts on each
of 127 networks.
What is the range of class B address?
Class B range from 128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254 and Supports 65,000 hosts on each of
16,000 networks.
What is the range of class C address?
Class C range is from 192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254 and Supports 254 hosts on each of
2 million networks.
What is PoE (Power over Ethernet)?
Power over Ethernet or PoE describes the technology which pass electrical power
along with data on Ethernet cabling. This allows a single cable to provide both data
connection and electrical power to devices such as wireless access points or IP
cameras.
What is a peer-peer process?
A peer-to-peer (P2P) network is a type of decentralized and distributed network
architecture in which individual nodes in the network (called "peers") act as both
suppliers and consumers of resources. There will be no centralized system we
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usually seen like Client server model. Simply in p2p, network devices act as both
client and server
What is ping? Why you use ping?
Ping [Packet Internet Groper PING] a computer network tool used to test whether a
particular host is reachable across an IP network
What is the difference between tracert and traceroute
Both Tracert and traceroute commands do similar purpose. On a router or switch
you would use the command traceroute and on a pc you would use tracert .
What is Round Trip Time?
Round-trip time (RTT), also called round-trip delay, is the time required for a packet
to travel from a specific source to a specific destination and back again.Source is the
computer sending the packet and the destination is a remote computer or system
that receives the packet and retransmits it. A user can determine the RTT to and
from an IP address by pinging that address
Define the terms Unicast, Multicast and Broadcast and Anycast?
Unicast One to One communication
Eg: http
Eg: SLP
Eg: ARP
Eg : 6to4
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RAM Stores running Cisco IOS Operating System, Active program and operating
system instructions, the Running Configuration File, ARP (Address Resolution
Protocol) cache, routing tables and buffered IP Packets.
NVRAM (Non-volatile Random Access Memory)
NVRAM is used to store the Startup Configuration File. This is the configuration file
that IOS reads when the router boots up. It is extremely fast memory and retains its
content when the router is restarted.
What are the different types of passwords used in securing a CISCO router?
Here are the five passwords you can set on a Cisco router:
Console
Aux
VTY
Enable password
Enable Secret
Action
Layers Involved
Keyword
Step 1
Step 2
Transport
SEGMENTS
segments
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Step 3
Segments converted
Network
PACKETS
into Packets or
Datagrams and
Network Header is
added
Step 4
FRAMES
Frames are
Physical
BITS
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external.
RIP uses Bellmen ford algorithm to calculate the path while Eigrp use
Maximum hop count for RIP is 15 that is after 15 counts the packet is
dropped while that of EIGRP is 100 by default and upto 255 by configuration.
In RIP full routing table exchanged, but in EIGRP missing routes are
exchanged
For RIP protocol, hello timers every 30 seconds but in EIGRP hello timer
every 5 seconds
RIP is mostly used for smaller networks which EIGRP is used for larger
networks.
protocol.
RIP sends full update whenever network change occurs whereas EIGRP
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time. Half-duplex means communication can only occur in one direction at a time
What does the "show protocol" display?
To display the configured protocols, use the show protocols command in user
EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.
#show protocols [interface-name interface-number]
If you find any mistake in this post feel free to write to shabeeribm@gmail.com
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