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MAE 4500
FIG. 6-5
FIG. 7-1
FIG. 7-3
FIG. 7-4
Casting Properties
Fundamental Properties:
Viscosity
The flow of the liquid metal inside the
mold is controlled by its viscosity.
a. T>Tm
Viscosity is a function of superheat.
Superheat = (T - Tm) / Tm
b. TS < T < TL
Viscosity is a function of the structure
and hence a function of the freezing
range.
Freezing range = (TL - TS) / TL
Viscosity low
Viscosity high
FIG. 7-5
Alloy
S
Pg1/2
Solid
Liquid
Solubility
Tm
Similar to FIG. 6-17
Pg is the partial
pressure of the
gas over the melt
To eliminate:
1. Reduce pg ----> vacuum
2. Melting with insoluble gas
(inert gas such as argon)
3. Adding elements that react with the
gas
and form oxides
Al, Si, Ca
with steels
Phosphorus with Cu and
bronze
Technological Properties
Fluidity:
This term indicates the capability of the molten
metal to flow into the cavities of the system
before freezing.
Fluidity is a function of:
a. Fluid flow (viscosity)
Heat transfer
Superheat
Mold temperature
Mold type
b.
Solidification mechanism
Pure metals
and eutectic
alloys
Solid solution
alloys
Improved
fluidity
Fluidity Evaluation
FIG. 7-6
Fluidity index
It is measured by the length of the solidified
spiral or length of the solidified thin plate.
Directional
solidification
Progressive
solidification
Aids to directional
solidification
Improper positioning
of riser
Chill
Fluidity
FIG. 7-7
FIG. 7-12
FIG. 7-19
Match Plate
FIG. 7-14
FIG. 7-22
Centrifugal Casting
FIG. 7-26
Permanent molds