Study Guide for 2nd Quarter Midterm

Midterm date: Finals Week

Format:

15 multiple choice questions = 30 points

Two long free response questions = 20 points***
Two short free response questions = 10 points***

TOTAL POSSIBLE = 60 POINTS

Midterm covers:
Ch. 7: Atomic Structure and Periodicity
Ch. 8: Bonding General Concepts (skip Formal Charges on pp. 386-389)
Ch. 9: Covalent Bonding: Orbitals (skip 9.2-9.4; NOTE: Paramagnetism and
Diamagnetism are covered within these sections, but reading may confuse you
more since it deals with molecular orbital theory. Stick with the notes.)
***Anything from the beginning of the year is usually fair game, if it can be used in a
problem related to something in these sections but to be honest there really wasnt anything
that from the first six weeks that applies to these chapters!
How to study:

Review old tests and quizzes - I will give you time in class to do this. If this is not
enough time, you can come in during tutorial and/or after school (by appointment).

Do Practice Midterm even though this is an old-style exam, it assesses content

knowledge which is still important!

Do practice problems in notes

Do odd-numbered problems in the book answers are in the back of the book

Review lecture notes & listen to lectures again

If you feel weak on a particular topic, review it in the book and use online resources to
help you too!

If you have an AP prep book, use it!

DO NOT CRAM!!!

Review the Say What? lecture this midterm is 99% conceptual, so you will be doing
a lot of justifying/explaining your answer. You must justify completely in order to earn
full credit.

You must be able to see big picture, connect concepts that may not seem to be related,
and understand the concepts behind the equations.

You CANNOT do corrections on the midterm! The midterm will be scaled, if

necessary, to an 80% average.

Name:
Date:

Per:

2nd Quarter Practice Midterm

Multiple Choice: Circle the appropriate letter of the correct answer. You may not use a calculator on this portion
on the exam. (2 pts/qstn = 30 points possible)
Directions for Questions 1-8: Each set of lettered choices below refers to the numbered statements immediately
following it. Select the one lettered choice that best fits each statement and then mark the appropriate letter on your
Scantron. A choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all in each set.
Questions 1-4 refer to the following electron configurations.
(A) 1s22s22p63s23p5
(B) 1s22s22p63s23p6
(C) 1s22s22p62d103s23p6

(D) 1s22s22p63s23p63d5
(E) 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s2

1. An impossible electron configuration

2. The ground-state configuration for the atoms of a transition element
3. The ground-state configuration of a negative ion of a halogen
4. The ground-state configuration of a common ion of an alkaline earth element

Questions 5-8 refer to the following species.

(A) H2O

(D) CH4

(B) NH3

(E) SiH4

(C)BH3
5.

Has two lone pairs of electrons

6.

Has a central atom with less than an octet of electrons

7.

Is predicted to have the largest bond angle

8.

Has a trigonal-pyramidal molecular geometry

Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete sentences below is followed by five suggested answers or
compilations. Select the one that is best in each case and circle the appropriate answer.
9. Which of the following molecules meets the following criteria: sp hybridization, 2 sigma bonds, 2 pi bonds,
polar molecule and linear molecular geometry?
a)

CO

b) N2

c) SO2

d) HCN

e) CH4

10. All of the following apply to bonding in the PF5 molecule EXCEPT
a) sp3d2 hybridization
d) expanded octet of electrons
b) F-P-F bond angles of 90o
e) trigonal bipyramidal geometry
c) F-P-F bond angles of 120o
11. Which of the following elements has the largest first ionization energy?
a)
Li
b) Be
c) B
d) C

e) N

12. Which of the following molecules contains exactly three sigma ( ) bonds and two pi () bonds?

a)

C2H2

b) CO2

c) HCN

d) SO3

e) N2

13. Which statements about hydrogen is/are true?

I. H has a lower ionization energy than He.
II. H- is smaller than H.
III. H bonds with the halogens to form polar covalent compounds.
IV. H is always a metal.
V. H does not have a second ionization energy.
a) I, V

b) II, IV

c) I, III, V

d) II, IV, V

e) I, III, IV, V

14. Which of the following is the electron configuration of an excited atom that is likely to emit a quantum of
energy?
a.
b.
c.

1s2 2s22p6 3s23p1

1s2 2s22p6 3s23p5
1s2 2s22p6 3s2

d.
e.

1s2 2s22p6 3s1

1s2 2s22p6 3s13p1

15. Resonance is most commonly used to describe the bonding in molecules of which of the following?
a.

CO2

b) O3

c) H2O

d) CH4

e) SF6

R = 0.0821 L atm/molK
= 8.31 J mol-1 K-1
c = 3.00 x 108 m/s

Name:
Date:

Per:

FREE RESPONSE SECTION

Answer the following questions. Your answers will be scored based on their accuracy, relevance of the details
chosen, and appropriateness of the descriptive material used. Be as specific as possible and use illustrative examples
and equations where helpful.
For calculation problems, the methods and steps used to solve a problem must be shown clearly. Partial credit will
be given if work is shown. Pay attention to significant figures.
ESSAY #1: 1996 (modified)
Explain each of the following observations in terms of the electronic structure and/or bonding of the compounds
involved. Your explanations for (a), (b), and (c) must include Lewis structures in order to earn full credit.
(a) XeF2 will not dissolve in water.
(b) Molecules of AsF3 have trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry, whereas molecules of BF 3 are trigonal planar.
(c) The N-O bonds in the NO2- ion are equal in length, whereas they are unequal in HNO2.
(d) For sulfur, the fluorides SF 2, SF4, and SF6 are known to exist, whereas for oxygen, only OF2 is known to exist.

ESSAY #2:
The shape of the carbonate ion, CO32- is known to be trigonal planar.
(a) Draw a Lewis structure for any one of the three equivalent contributing resonance structures of the carbonate ion,
CO32-.
(b) How many sigma and pi bonds are in the carbonate ion? Clearly identify them in your drawing in part (a).
(c) What type of hybridization accounts for the trigonal planar shape of the carbonate ion?
(d) Would the O-C-O bond angles in CO32- be larger or smaller than the O-I-O bond angles in IO3- ? Explain.

Since this midterm has more emphasis on concepts than calculations, I thought itd help to add a third essay
question and only do one calculation question.
ESSAY #3:
Explain each of the following observations using principles of atomic structure.
(a) Is Ti2+ paramagnetic or diamagnetic? Justify your answer.
(b) Which element has a higher ionization energy Mg or Al? Justify your answer.
(c) Which element has a higher electron affinity O or F? Justify your answer.
(d) An electron falls from the n = 6 level and emits IR light. What energy level did the electron end up on? Justify
your answer.

CALCULATION PROBLEM:
Answer each of the following questions regarding electrons in a Bohr atom.
(a) Calculate the change of energy (in J) of light when a hydrogen electron in the n=5 excited state falls to the
ground state.
(b) Is energy emitted or absorbed in this transition? Justify your answer.
(c) Calculate the wavelength (in nm) and frequency (in s-1) of light of the radiation associated with the electron
transition described in part (a).
(d) Sketch a PES graph for the boron atom. The y-axis is labeled Number of electrons and the x-axis is labeled
binding energy. Dont worry about exact values for binding energy.