COMPLEX SENTENCE

DEFINITION
Complex sentence is a sentence contains an independent clause (main clause)
and at least one dependent clause (subordinating clause).
Example : I try to think positively though Im annoyed.
S V
Infinitive Phrase Conj
IC
DC

Subordinate Conjunction and Relative Pronoun

Dependent clause cant stand alone, but must be added with independent
clause. The way to connect dependent clause and independent clause is added
the subordinate conjunction or relative pronoun in the front of dependent clause,
depend on the situation. There are 3 kinds of situation :
o Use subordinate conjunction to connect adverb clause.
o Use relative pronoun to connect adjective clause.
o Use question word, that, whether, and if to connect noun clause.
-

Adverbial Clause
Adverb clause is a clause which have function as an adverb. To connect
independent clause and adverb clause, we use subordinate conjunction in front
of dependent clause (adverb clause). Adverb clause has many subordinating
conjunction,
whether how sothat what which as if than asif inorderthat that where who
because like unless why
Time
:
Place
:
Contrast
:
Manner
:
Purpose and result
Cause and effect :
Condition
:

after, before, since, until, when

where, while
whereas, although
:

Adjective Clause
Is a clause that modifies or give information about a noun or pronoun. The
adjective clause is connected to independent clause by relative pronoun. The
relative pronoun is who, which, that, whose, whom, when, and where.

Example :
1) There is the car that I would like to buy.
2) Im taking football lessons from David, who is a pro in his era.
3) Jakarta is the town where Entong was born.

Noun Clause
Noun clause is a subordinate clause used as a noun in the sentence. A noun
clause may be used as a subject or direct object of the verb, as a predicate

noun, as object of the preposition, or as an appositive. The noun clause begin

with words like that, whether, if or question words such as who, which, what,
where, when, why, and how.
Example :
o Noun clause as an object
She believed that the shell was extremely valuable.
DC
IC
o Noun clause as a subject
Where she found that shell remains a secret
DC
IC
o Noun clause as a subject complement
Her worst fear was always that someone would steal her shells.
DC
IC
-

Punctuating with Dependent Clauses & Subordinating Conjunctions

Adverbial Clause
Adverb Clause can be on the first complex sentence, followed by Independent
clause. Or independent clause can be on the first complex sentence, followed by
adverbial clause. If adverbial clause is on the first complex sentence, in the end
of adverbial clause must be followed by comma, after than can be followed by
independent clause.
Example :
On the first
: Though Im annoyed, I try to think positively.
After IC
: I try to think positively though Im annoyed.
Adjective Clause
When explain the subject, adjective clause must be at the centre of complex
sentence. Can be added with comma or not, depend on the information. If the
information include to the essential category, dont use comma.
Example :
Essential
: People who do exercise regularly rarely get sick.
Non-essential
: Yulia, who does exercise regularly, has a positive body
image.