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During the system analysis, the analysis of system data is very important. Analysis of
data is made up of more than one level at the beginning (first level) and different ideas
are used at each level. At first level, analyst develops a conceptual system design.
Since the conceptual design sets the direction for the management information system
(MIS). It is vital that managers participate seriously and heavily at this
stage. Conceptual design is sometimes called feasibility design, gross design or high
level design.
The conceptual design phase takes as input.
1. A crisp statement of a management information requirement and
2. a set of management objectives for the MIS
In the conceptual design stage that the alternative overall MIS designs are conceived
and the best one is selected by the system analyst in consultation with the top
management. The feasibility of meeting the management objectives for the MIS is
assessed showing how the system will work at the high level is drawn.
Therefore, conceptual design is also known as gross design; high level becomes the
basis for the detailed MIS design.
Hence, conceptual design is a pre-design for the detailed design. In
fact, conceptual design is the centerpiece of the process. Only after conceptual design
is completed, it can be sure that the MIS can successfully be constructed.
The conceptual design involves the following tasks.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1. Define the problemThere is no doubt that problems exists in any dynamic business. The most important is
that what are usually lacking are clear definitions of the problems and the priority
system on the basis of problem is the mainsolution. Therefore, management must take
the first step in MIS design by formulating problems to be solved. The problem can be
solved by the iterative process.
The goal for the business leads to the objectives of the general business. From the
objectives, plans are derived. Each business objectives and business plans are derived.
Each business objectives and business plans are associated with information needs.
These Information needs are the problems to be solved by the MIS function. The
statements of needs are enough for designing process.
1. Stating the information need.
2. Asking questions about that need.
3. Suggesting interpretation of that need.
4. Detailing the original statement.
5. Reviewing the more detailed statement of need with management.
These steps are repeated until the information needs and the problem to be solved are
really understood. The process of problem refinement flows naturally into the system
objectives.
Thus, the main objective of the detailed system design is to prepare a blue print
of a system that meets the goals of the conceptual system design requirements.
Detailed system design involves the following phases.
Input/Output design.
Database design.
Procedure design.
Design Documentation
Project planning
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Project control
Get a feedback of the actual performance of the project with respect to time, cost
and work of the project and compare it with schedules, budgets and technical plans.
Take corrective action where required so as to maintain control.
System
Sub System
Functional component
Task
Sub Task
Operation
element
4) Output/Input Design
Having defined the subsystem well, by way of flow diagrams and a through
discussion with the users of MIS, the system designers now define the
specifications of outputs and inputs for each sub-system, in more detail. These
specifications will later be used by programmers to develop programs to actually
produce the output/input.
1)
Database design
Determine the data type and width for each field of the tables.
System objectives,
Design constraints,
Inputs/outputs,
Data files,
Procedures (manuals)
Input/Output specifications,
Program specifications,
Database specifications,