Portal Frame Rafter Design

Structural Design Calculations for 40,0
&
Deltec Engineering Limited

Rev 1, July, 2011
Consultin
Deltec Engin
(Consulting Enginee
Lagos Office
11, Shasha Road (Opp. Union Bank)
Akowonjo Lagos
Tel: 01-7730278
Email: deltec
July
Date: 09/08/2
Job No: DEL/2011-134

Job Title:
DESIGN OF 40,000-GALLON OVERHEAD WATER TA

TOWER AND FOUNDATIONS
S T R U C T U R AL D E S I G N I N F O R M AT I O N
INTENDED USE & BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURE
The proposed steel tower is to provide support for a 40,000-gallon (181,840 litre-capacity) Braithwa
plan and is 4.88m deep.
The structural solution consists of a 4-legged lattice tower, 12m high, carrying a platform, which
placed at 1.22m intervals over 533x210x82UB Main girders `POS 18 which are in turn, supported
directions. Both the secondary and main girders are extended with 80x80x6RSA sections to carry th
For stability the tower is braced horizontally at 3.0m intervals with 100x100x8RSA `POS 02. Cro
350mmx350mmx25 base plates which are anchored to the concrete base with M20 grade 8.8 galva
level, with downturn perimeter containment beams. Further details of the design are given in the acc
GENERAL LOADING CONDITION
Imposed loading
Self weight of tank = 116.84kN (Braithwaite tank Ref 554).
2
Contents (water) = 1818.4kN
Open flooring system = 0.5kN/m2 (35x5 steel grating)
2

Rev 1, July, 2011
Job No: DEL/2011-134

Job Title:
Date: 09/08/2
DESIGN OF 40,000-GALLON OVERHEAD WATER TA

TOWER AND FOUNDATIONS
S T R U C T U R AL D E S I G N I N F O R M AT I O N
INTENDED USE & BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURE
The proposed steel tower is to provide support for a 40,000-gallon (181,840 litre-capacity) Braithwa
plan and is 4.88m deep.
The structural solution consists of a 4-legged lattice tower, 12m high, carrying a platform, which
placed at 1.22m intervals over 533x210x82UB Main girders `POS 18 which are in turn, supported
directions. Both the secondary and main girders are extended with 80x80x6RSA sections to carry th
For stability the tower is braced horizontally at 3.0m intervals with 100x100x8RSA `POS 02. Cro
350mmx350mmx25 base plates which are anchored to the concrete base with M20 grade 8.8 galva
level, with downturn perimeter containment beams. Further details of the design are given in the acc
GENERAL LOADING CONDITION
Imposed loading
Self weight of tank = 116.84kN (Braithwaite tank Ref 554).
Contents (water) = 1818.4kN
Open flooring system = 0.5kN/m2 (35x5 steel grating)
Maintenance load=5.0kN/m2
Railing & Posts = 0.35kN/m
Wind loading
Basic wind speed, v=35m/s (3-sec gust speed)
DURABILITY & FIRE RESISTANCE
Fire resistance-: 1 hour for all elements
Minimum cover to all reinforcement - 50mm substructure
CODES OF PRACTICE & REFERENCES
EUROCODE 1: EN199111: 2002: Actions on Structures, EUROCODE 2: EN19921 - 12004: D

EUROCODE 3: EN1993 - 1 - 1: 2005: Design of Steel Structures, EUROCODE 3: EN1993 - 1 - 8:
ANSI/EIA/TIA-222-G-2003: Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antenna Supportin
Subsoil Investigation Report by Otoko Soils, 13 Timbo Close, Off 66 Abuloma Road, Amadi-Ama,
MATERIALS & STRENGTHS
3
Normal Weight Concrete grade 35

Characteristic cube strength, f = 35N/mm2

Rev 1, July, 2011
EUROCODE 3: EN1993 - 1 - 1: 2005: Design of Steel Structures, EUROCODE 3: EN1993 - 1 - 8:

ANSI/EIA/TIA-222-G-2003: Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antenna Supportin
Subsoil Investigation Report by Otoko Soils, 13 Timbo Close, Off 66 Abuloma Road, Amadi-Ama,
MATERIALS & STRENGTHS
Normal Weight Concrete grade 35
Characteristic cube strength, fcu = 35N/mm2
Characteristic cylinder strength at 28 days, fck = 0.8 xcharacteristic cube strength = 28N/mm2
Reinforcement
High yield deformed bars type 2 to BS 4449
Characteristic strength, fyk = 410N/mm2
Structural Steel Grade S275 (43A)
Youngs Modulus, Es =205kN/mm2
Bolts
Mild steel bolts grade 8.8
Prepared by: Emmanuel Ofovwe Bobor, B.Eng
Date: 11/08/2011
Agreed:
Engr. Samson Ivovi, B.Eng, MSc, MNSE, FNIStructE,
Date: 11/08/2011

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
DELTEC ENGINEERING LTD
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Design of 40,000-Gallon Overhead Water Tank Support
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
BASIC ASSESSMENT OF OV
STRUCTURAL DESIGN INFORMATION
Tank
Type:
Reference Code:
Length of Tank, L:
Breadth of Tank, B:
Depth of Tank, D:
Volume of Tank:
Gravity Loads
Maintenance load on walkway:
Self weight of Tank:
Weight of water in Tank:
Open Flooring system:
Railings and posts:
PLATFORM LOADING

Rev 1, July, 2011
INTERNAL TANK BEARER 'SG 1'

From tank own weight
Water
Open Flooring System:
Maintenance Load:
Railings + Posts
EXTERNAL TANK BEARER 'SG 2'
From tank own weight:
Water:
Open Flooring At cantilever:
System:
At Span:
Maintenance At cantilever:
Load:
At Span:
Railings + Posts
PERIMETER BEAM 'SG 3'
Open Flooring At cantilever:
At Span:
Maintenance LAt cantilever:
At Span:
At cantilever:
Railings +
Posts
At Span:
=
=
=
=
=
65.53/(4.88 x 4
872.83/(4.88 x
0.5x1.22
5x1.22
0.35x1.22
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
65.53/(2x4.88x
872.83/(2x4.88
0.5x0.5x1.22
0.5x0.5x0.9
5.0x0.5x1.22
5.0x0.5x0.9
0.35x1.22
=
=
=
=
=
0.5x0.5x1.22
0.5x0.9
5.0x0.5x1.22
5.0x0.9
0.35x1.22

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
INTERNAL TANK BEARER 'SG 1'

G = 1.35
Factors of Safety:
Gk1 = 0.427 KN
gk1 = 3.357KN/m
qwk1 = 44.715KN/m
gk2 = 0.61 KN/m

qk2 = 6.1 KN/m
900
Q =
610
3660
22.459
49.128 118.762
123.753
9.158
5.49
109.105
M
V
RS
RD
RL
RW
98.506
EXTERNAL TANK BEARER 'SG 2'

Gk2 = 0.427KN
gk4 = 0.305KN/m
qk4 = 3.05 KN/m
gk3 = 1.679KN/m
qwk3 = 22.357 KN/m
gk5 = 0.305KN/m, qk5 = 3.05KN/

900
610
3660
72.743
5.259
12.933
54.551
RS
RD
RL
RW
PERIMETER BEAM 'SG 3'

Gk2 = 0.427KN
gk6 = 0.35KN/m
gk7 = 0.305KN/m, qk7 = 3.05KN/

3660
1510
6.022
1.416
4.606
RS
RD
RL
TYPICAL TANK BEARER 'SG':

BS EN 1993- 11: 2005
I - Section
Calculations in accordance with BS
All loads and moments are factored
Rev 1, July, 2011
tw
tf
Z
b
Design Info:
Design bending moment about ma
Design shear force,
Force through flange
Preliminary Sizing:
Deflection:
For the beam above, the maximum deflection occu
Steel Designer's Actual deflection, = L2/384EI [w (5L2 - 24N 2) - 48w L2N (0.5N N
1
1
2
2
2+
Manual - 6th
Limiting
deflection,
=
span/720
=
L/720
Edition (1996)
lim
Equating both to ensure deflection is within the limit gives; Ireq = 720L/384E [w
where
w1 = 1.0gk1 + 1.0qwk1 =
48.072
w2 = 1.0gk2 + 1.0qk2 =
N1 =
6.71
610
3660
L=
Ireq =
Thus:
Check Moment:
91,176,217
Applied moment, Msd =

Assume t > 40mm; fy =
From Table 3.1
Plastic Modulus Required, Wpl,y reqd = Msd/fy =

Try
356 x 171 x 45kg/m UB

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
From SCI
Checklist:
CALCULAT
Section Properties:
h
b
tw
tf
Depth of Section
Width of Section
Web Thickness
Flange Thickness
d=
r=
c/tf =
d/tw =
Iyy =
Izz =
Depth Between
Root Radius
Ratios for Local
Buckling
Second
Moment of Area
Classify Section:
tf =
= (235/fy) =
d/tw =
Shear Buckling:
Clause 6.2.6 (6);
h/tw =
Clauses 6.2.5,
6.2.6 & 6.2.8;
fy =
9.7 mm
0.924
8.81 < 10
45.8 < 83
Table 5.2
(Sheets 1 of 3 &
c/tf = (b-tw-2r)/2tf =
2 of 3)
Eqn 6.22
=
=
=
=
356 x 171 x 45kg/m UB

356 mm
171 mm
6.9 mm
9.7 mm
312.3 mm
10.2 mm
8.81
45.8
121,000,000 mm4
8,120,000 mm4
51.6
'Flange is at leas
'Web is at least c
<
72
Restraint Assumptions:
Full lateral restraint
Check Section for Combined Moment and Shear:
Msd =
Applied Moment,
Vsd =
Applied Shear Force,
Shear area, Av = 1.04htw =
2554.66
Partial factor of safety, M0 =
1.05
Shear Capacity, Vpl,Rd = Av (fy/3)/M0 =
386.29
Vsd
Vpl,Rd
<
Since
9

Rev 1, July, 2011
Since
118.762
Vsd
118.762
Moment
capacity,
Since
<
386.29
0.5Vpl,Rd
193.15
Mc,Rd = Mpl,Rd =Wpl,Rd fy/M0 =

202.71
Msd
Mpl,Rd
<
98.506
202.71
10

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
Check for bearing on the web:
Force applied through flange

Yield strength of flange, for tf < 40mm
Yield strength of web, for tw < 40mm
Longitudinal stress in flange,

length of stiff bearing, say
Sy = 2n
Length over which the effect takes place,
Material partial factor of safety,
Local capacity of web
Fsd
Ry,Rd
Since
<
167.89
218.05
Check for crippling resistance of the web:
Length of stiff bearing for crippling,
Local capacity of web, Ra,Rd = 0.5tw2(Efyw)0.5[(tf/tw)0.5 + 3(tw/tf)(Ss/d)]/
Fsd
Since
167.89
Check for buckling of the web:
<
Ra,Rd
278.68
Beff
Ss
Effective length of web,

Effective height of web for buckling,
Radius of gyration for web,
11

Rev 1, July, 2011
Effective Area,
For buckling about Z-Z axis,
Slenderness parameter,
Non-dimensional slenderness,
Table 5.2
h/b
>
1.2
Imperfection factor,
Table 6.2
Factor,
Table 6.1
Reduction Factor,
Buckling resistance of web,
Fsd
Clause 6.3.1.1 (3) Since
167.89
12
tf
<
Nb,Rd
287.57

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
RAFTER
Factors of
Safety:
G = 1.35
Gk = 5.259 KN
Qk = 12.933 KN
Qwk = 54.551 KN
Gk = 2.615 KN
Qk = 10.188 KN
A
900
M
V
RS
RD
RL
RW
BS EN 1993- 11: 2005
1220
89.494
18.955 251.836
271.176
21.611
31.356
218.209
MAIN GIRDER 'MG' DESIGN:

Y
Gk = 9.15
Qk = 5.49
Qwk = 10
D
610
610
Q =
Gk = 9.158 KN
Qk = 5.49 KN
Qwk = 109.105 KN
Z
tw
21
I - Section
All loads and moments are factored
Design Info:
Design bending moment about ma
Design shear force,
Design axial load (+ comp)
Force through flange
tf
Y
b
Preliminary Sizing:
Steel Designer's Deflection:
Manual - 6th
Since maximum deflection will occur at the mid-span of the beam,
Edition (1996),
Deflection, max =(L2/1296EI)[53P1L - 432P2N1 - 4
Page 1032
Limiting deflection, lim = span/720 = L/720
Equating both to ensure we are within the limit gives; I req = (L/1.8E
P1 = 1.0Gk + 1.0Qk =
P2 = 1.0Gk + 1.0Qk =
where:
13
123.753
72.743

Rev 1, July, 2011
N1 =
L=
Thus:
610
3660
Ireq =
Check Moment:
Applied moment, Msd =
Assume t > 40mm, From Table 3.1; fy =
Plastic Modulus Required, Wpl,y reqd = Msd/fy =
Try
Section
Properties:
Depth of Section
Width of Section
Web Thickness
Flange Thicknes
356x171x45 UB
From SCI Checklist:
h=
351.4 mm
b=
171.1 mm
tw =
7 mm
tf =
9.7 mm
d=
311.6 mm
r=
c/tf =
d/tw =
10.2 mm
8.82
44.5
Depth Between
Root Radius
Ratios for Local
Buckling
Second
Moment of Area
14
Iyy =
120,700,000 mm4
Izz =
8,111,000 mm4
356x17

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
Classify Section:
Table 5.2
tf =
(Sheets 1 of 3 &
= (235/fy) =
2 of 3)
c/tf =
d/tw =
9.7 mm
0.924
8.82 < 10
44.5 < 83
Therefore section is
Clause 6.2.6 (6); Shear Buckling:
Eqn 6.22
h/tw =
50.2
Restraint Assumptions:
fy =
'Flange is at leas
'Web is at least c
at least compact
<
72
Since the beam is subject to possible lateral torsio

moment is first considered.
Length of beam between restraints
Effective length factor
Effective length
Clause 4.3.6.2; As the member is subject to destabilizing loads,
Buckling Resistance
Segment BC
Length of segment (between restraints) = purlin spacing
Factor,
Mcr = (/LE)[
Elastic critical moment,
Table 6.5
Table 6.3
For rolled I-Sections
Since h/b
>
Msd
<
Factor,
Clause 6.3.2.1
(3)
Reduction factor,
Buckling resistance moment,
Since
143
Check Section for Combined Moment and Shear:
15

Rev 1, July, 2011
Msd =
Applied Moment,
Vsd =
Applied Shear Force,
Shear area, Av = 1.04htw =
2558.19
Partial factor of safety, M0 =
1.05
Shear Capacity, Vpl,Rd = Av (fy/3)/M0 =
386.83
Vsd
Vpl,Rd
<
Since
54.48
386.83
Vsd
0.5Vpl,Rd
<
Since
54.48
193.41
Moment
M
M
=W
f
/
=
Capacity,
202.87
c,Rd =
pl,Rd
pl,y y
M0
Msd
Mpl,Rd
Since
<
143
202.87
16

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
Check for bearing on the web:
Ss
Force applied through flange

Yield strength of flange, for tf < 40mm
Yield strength of web, for tw < 40mm
Longitudinal stress in flange,
length of stiff bearing, say
Sy = 2n
Length over which the effect takes place,
Local capacity of web
Fsd
Ry,Rd
Since
<
0.00
185.16
Check for crippling resistance of the web:
Length of stiff bearing for crippling,
Local capacity of web, Ra,Rd = 0.5tw2(Efyw)0.5[(tf/tw)0.5 + 3(tw/tf)(Ss/d)]/
Fsd
Ra,Rd
Since
<
For buckling
about Z-Z axis,
0.00
Check for buckling of the web:
255.98
Beff
Effective length of web,

Effective height of web for buckling,
17

Rev 1, July, 2011
Radius of gyration for web,

Effective Area,
Table 5.2
h/b
>
1.2
Table 6.2
Table 6.1
Factor,
Reduction Factor,
Fsd
0.00
18
tf
<
Nb,Rd
294.91

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
19

Rev 1, July, 2011
20

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
REFERENCE
Clause 4.4.2 of
ANSI/TIA/EIA 222 - G:
Structural
Standards for
Steel Antenna
Towers and
Antenna
Supporting
Structures
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
CALCULAT
Preliminary sizing of Tower members:

Stanchions (Legs)
Unbraced length, lo =
Effective length factor, k =
Limiting slenderness ratio =
ryy required =
Try
Horizontal Bracing
HE 160 B

rvv required =
Try
Diagonal Bracing
100 x 100 x 8 RSA

rvv required =
Calculations do
klo/ryy =
klo/150 =
(ryy
klo/ryy =
klo/200 =
(rvv
klo/ryy =
klo/300 =
(rvv
Try
80 x 80 x 6 RSA
Calculation of effective areas for wind loading:
Legs:
HE 160 B
Horizontals:
100 x 100 x 8 RSA
Diagonals:
80 x 80 x 6 RSA
Total effective areas for wind on Tower =
Tower
Height of Tower:
Height to top of Tank:
Width at top
Width at bottom:
Classification of Structure:
Wind direction probability factor, K d:
21

Rev 1, July, 2011
Importance Factor, I:
Topographic Factor, Kzt:
Exposure Category
Exposure Category Coefficients: From Table 2-4
Zg:
:
Kzmin:
K e:
Height above ground level, Z:
Wind Speed, V:
Gust Response Factor, Gh:
Projected Area of Structural Component, A f:
For Tank =
For Tower =
Gross Area, Ag:
Solidity Ratios, := Af/Ag =
Directional
Factors, Df:
For Tank =
For Tower =
For Tank =
For Tower =
Normal to face
For Tank =
At 450 to face
Normal to face
For Tower =
At 450 to face
22

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
LOADING
Tank Loads
Height to top of tank, Z
Velocity Pressure Coefficient, Kz:
Check: Kzmin<=Kz<=2.01;
Use Kz
Velocity pressure, qz = 0.613kzkztkdV2I
Force Coefficients for Tank, Cf:
Effective Projected Area, EPA = DfCfAf
h/b = 16.47/4.88 =
b/d = 4.88/4.88 =
Normal to face
At 450 to face
Wind load on Tank, FT:

= qz x GH x EPA
Wind normal to face
= qz x GH x EPA
Wind @ 450 to face
Tower Loads
Mid-heigth from ground, Z
Velocity Pressure Coefficient, Kz:
Check: Kzmin<=Kz<=2.01;
Use Kz =
Velocity pressure, qz = 0.613kzkztkdV2I
Force coefficient for Tower, Cf = 4.02 - 5.9 + 4
Normal to face
At 450 to face
Effective Projected Area, EPA = DfCfAf

= qz x GH x EPA
Wind normal to face
= qz x GH x EPA
Wind @ 450 to face
OVERTURNING MOMENTS AT TOWER BASE
Wind normal to face
From tank, =
19.90 x (16.47-3
From tower, =
15.52 x 6
Total,
(SF =
35.40
23

Rev 1, July, 2011
Wind at 450 to face

From tank, =
34.82 x (16.47-3
From tower, =
17.27 x 6
Total,
(SF =
52.06
Load Cases and Combinations
Two wind directions have been considered for the tower- tank as
perpendicular to tower face will produce maximum stress in the b
stress in the legs. For each wind direction, three load combination
limit state and the ultimate limit state.

Additional Load Schedule (From Self weights of designed members
Member
Self Weight
Total Length (m) Nos
(KN/m)
UPN 350
0.606
6.68
2
356 x 171 x
45kg/m UB
0.450
6.680
5.000
356x171x45 UB
0.776
6.680
2.000
HE 160 B
0.426
12.000
4.000
100 x 100 x 8
RSA
0.122
3.900
12.000
80 x 80 x 6 RSA
0.734
3.120
32.000
100 x 100 x 8
RSA
0.120
4.900
2.000
Total =
24

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
Actions
Axial load on diagonal column,
Wk = +/- 613.30/(3.66 x 2) = +/-
Dead load per column, Gk = 239.82 + (134.107/4) =

Live load per column, Qk =
Load Combination 1:
Dead + Live Loads
1.35Gk + 1.5Qk
Ultimate:
1.0Gk + 1.0Qk
Service:
=
=
Load Combination 2:
Dead + Live + Wind
1.35Gk + 1.35Qk + 1.5Wk
Ultimate:
1.35Gk + 1.35Qk - 1.5Wk
1.0Gk + 1.0Qk + 1.0Wk
Service:
1.0Gk + 1.0Qk - 1.0Wk
=
=
=
=
Load Combination 3:
Dead + Wind Loads
1.0Gk + 1.5Wk
Ultimate:
0.9Gk -1.5Wk
=
=
Tower Member Forces

Columns:
Maximum Load, N
Minimum Load, T
Associated shear force per leg
=
=
=
Horizontal Bracing
From wind load = 1.5 x Shear force/2
2.5% of force in restrained member
Total
=
=
=
Diagonal Bracing
25

Rev 1, July, 2011
Tie force, Ft = (62 + 3.662)/3.66 x Horizontal force
26

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
BS EN 1993- 1- 1:
2005
CALCULAT
Typical Stanchion Design

NEd
Axially Loaded Column

Compressive load is factored and le
L
Design axial compressive load,

Length between restraints,
Section
Properties:
Depth of Section
Width of Section
Web Thickness
From SCI Checklist:

h=
b=
tw =
Flange Thicknes
Depth Between
Root Radius
Ratios for Local
Buckling
Table 5.2 (Sheets

1 of 3 & 2 of 3)
Annex G: G.2 (1)

(a)
d=
104 mm
r=
c/tf =
15 mm
6.15
13.0
24,920,000 mm4
Izz =
13 mm
0.924
c/tf =
d/tw =
6.15 < 14
13.0 < 124
Slenderness:
Effective length factor (Y-Axis), k
Effective length, LE = k x L
27
8 mm
13 mm
Iyy =
Classify Section:
tf =
= (235/fy) =
160 mm
160 mm
tf =
d/tw =
Second
Moment of Area
HE 1
4
8,892,000 mm
Young's
Modulus, E
fy =
'Flange is at leas
'Web is at least c
=
=
Rev 1, July, 2011
Slenderness for buckling about Y-Y, = LE/izz
For buckling
Compressive Strength:
about Z-Z axis, Applied Compressive Force,
Effective length of column,

Radius of gyration,
Effective Area,
Table 5.2
h/b
<
1.2
Table 6.2
Table 6.1
Factor,
Reduction Factor,
NEd
<
587.932
Section is Ok
28
tf
Nb,Rd
982.715

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
BS EN 1993- 1- 1:
2005
CALCULAT
Typical Horizontal Bracing Design

Z
V
Axially Loaded
U
h
Y
t
Design axial compressive load,

Section
Properties:
h=
100 mm
Width of Section
b=
100 mm
Flange Thicknes
Root Radius
t=
r=
r1 =
8 mm
12 mm
4.8 mm
Area of Section
A=
1550 mm2
Cx, Cy =
Classify Section:
tf =
= (235/fy) =
27.4 mm
fy =
8 mm
0.924
12.5 < 15
'Flange is at leas
12.5 < 15
'Web is at least c
12.5 > 11.5
heff = beff = 11.5t =
85.05
h - heff = b - beff =
14.95
Aeff = A - 2t(h - heff) =
1310.741
h/t =
b/t =
(b+h)/2t =
Clause 4.7.3
100 x 10
Depth of Section
Distance of Centre
of Gravity
Table 5.2 (Sheets
1 of 3 & 2 of 3)
From SCI Checklist:
Effective Area,
Slenderness:
Clause 4.7.3
29

Rev 1, July, 2011
Effective lengths
Effective length between restraints,
About v-v axis, Lvv = 0.85l0,
About axis parallel to connected leg, L yy = 0.85l
About axis perpendicular to connected leg, L zz = 1.
Since end connection is made by two bolts or equivalent

welds;
Effective Slenderness:
Is the greater of:
Lvv/(93.9)ivv
0.35 + 0.7L
1)
and
1.829
1.6
Lyy/(93.9)iyy
0.5 + 0.7L
2)
and
1.171
1.3
Lzz/(93.9)izz
0.5 + 0.7L
3)
and
1.378
1.4
Effective slenderness ratio, eff = max =
eff =
Table 6.2
Table 6.1
For L - Sections,
Applied Compressive Force,
Factor,
Reduction Factor,
Clause 6.3.1.1 (3) Buckling resistance of web,
NEd
Since
41.245
30
<
Nb,Rd
84.195

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
Deflection (Due to self weight):

Self weight (At service), w = 12.2 x 10
Deflection, = 5wL3/384EI
Limiting deflection, lim = Span/1000
Deflection Ok
Clause 3.10.3
Tensile Resistance:
Applied Tensile Force,
Hole diameter, d0 = + 2mm
Net sectional area connected leg,
Net sectional area of unconnected leg,
Effective area,
Ultimate tension capacity of bolt,
Table 3.8, two

bolts at each end
Table 3.1
Clause 6.2.3 (b)
Use bolt pitch,

p=
50 mm
Ultimate strength of bolt,
Tension resistance of bolt,
NEd
Since
41.245
31
2.5d0 =
<
Nu,Rd
455.467

Rev 1, July, 2011
32

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
BS EN 1993- 1- 1:
2005
CALCULAT
Typical Diagonal Bracing Design

Z
V
Axially Loaded
U
h
Y
t
Z
b
Section
Properties:
Depth of Section
From SCI Checklist:

h=
b
t
r
r1
Width of Section
Flange Thicknes
Root Radius
Area of Section
Distance of Centre
of Gravity
Table 5.2 (Sheets
1 of 3 & 2 of 3)
Design axial tensile load,

=
=
=
=
A=
Cx, Cy =
Classify Section:
tf =
= (235/fy) =
80 x 80
80 mm
80 mm
6 mm
10 mm
4.8 mm
9.35 mm2
21.7 mm
6 mm
0.924
h/t =
13.3 < 15
b/t =
13.3 < 15
Check Limiting Slenderness:
Since horizontal bracing is continuous through
Effective length factor,
k
LE
Effective length,
= LE/ivv
Slenderness,
lim
Limiting slenderness,
33
fy =
'Flange is semi co
'Web is at least c
the cross-over poin

=
1.0
=
3514
=
223.8
=
350

Rev 1, July, 2011
Since
Clause 3.10.3
Table 3.8, two

bolts at each end
Table 3.1
223.828
<
lim
350
Tensile Resistance:
Applied Tensile Force,
Hole diameter, d0 = + 2mm
Net sectional area connected leg,
Net sectional area of unconnected leg,
Anet = a1 + 0.5a2 =
Effective area,
Ultimate tension capacity of bolt,
Use bolt pitch,
2.5d0 =
p=
50 mm
Ultimate strength of bolt,
Tension resistance of bolt,
NEd
Nu,Rd
Since
<
50.977
261.8
34

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
BS EN 1993- 1- 8:
2005
CALCULAT
Column Base Plates:
hc
Bp
tp
Dp
Clause 4.13.2.1
Slab base
Axial Compressive Load,
Shear on base in Z-Z direction,
Using the Effective AreadMethod
c
tw
bc
c
2c + tf
hc
Given that;
Effective area, A
hc
bc
tf
tw
35
2c +
tf
=
=
=
=
=
4c2
160
160
13
8

Rev 1, July, 2011
thus effective loaded area, Ac0 =

Assume t > 40mm, therefore,
Concrete characteristic cylinder strength,
cc = 0.85, c = 1.5
Concrete compressive strength,
Design Bearing strength,
But area of baseplate required,
Thus equating (1) and (2)
4c2 + 1204.6c + 5793.16
Solving for c using the almighty formula gives;
a
b = 2hc + 4bc - 2tw
c = hctw + 2bctf - 2tftw
Thus
c = -b +/- (b2 - 4ac)/2a
Use
c
Thickness of baseplate required,
= c[3fjd/fyp]0.5
Provide
4c
=
=
=
=
=
tp
=
25 mm thick plate
Since plate
tp =
thickness,
25 mm < 40mm
Minimum length of plate,
Minimum breadth of plate,
Use
350 x 350 x 25mm thick plate
36

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
BS EN 1993- 1- 8:
2005
Table 3.4
Table 3.1
Table 3.4
Table 3.4
Clause 4.3 & 4.4
CALCULAT
Holding down Bolts:

Axial uplift force,
Accompanying shear on base,
Bolts in Tension:
Ft,Ed =
Applied force on bolt,
69.428
Number of bolts to be used,
n=
4
bd =
Bolt diameter,
20
A
=
Tensile stress area, From Table
245
s
fub =
Ultimate tensile strength,
800
Ft,Ed,1 = Ft,Ed/n =
Tension force per bolt,
17.36
Ft,Rd = k2fubAs/M2 =
Tension resistance per bolt,
K2 =
Factor,
0.9
M2 =
1.2
Ft,Rd = k2fubAs/M2 =
Tension resistance per bolt,
147
Ft,Ed,1
Ft,Rd
Since
<
17.36
147.0
Bolts in Shear:
Fv,Ed =
Applied shear force on bolt,
19.521
Fv,Ed,1 = Fv,Ed/n =
Shear per bolt,
4.88
Fv,Rd = 0.6fubAs/M2 =
98
Shear resistance per shear plane,
Fv,Ed,1
Fv,Rd
Since
<
4.88
98.0
Combined Shear and Tension:
Unity Check;
r
= (Fv,Ed/Fv,Rd) + (Ft,Ed/1.4Ft,Rd) =
0.134
Holding down bolts should be anchored into the foundation by was
concrete.
Column to baseplate welds:
Assumed leg length of weld,
Throat thickness,
37
s=
a=
6
4.2

Rev 1, July, 2011
Length carrying axial load,
L1 = 4h + 2d - 2a =
Stress on weld due to

compression,
Stress on weld due to uplift,
Length resisting shear force,
Stress on weld due to shear,
Resultant force,
fc = NEd/L1 =
ft = Ft,Ed/L1 =
Lw = L 1 =
fw =Vsd/Lw =
Fr = (fc2 + fw2) =
Shear stress accompanying

uplift,
Design weld force per unit

length,
23.25
Fru = (ft + fwu ) =

Fcrit = Max(Fr & Fru) =
85.90
701
Fw,Ed = Fcrit =
700.64
fvw,d =
215
Fw,Rd = fvw,d a =
903
Design shear strength of weld,

Design force per unit length of
weld,
fw,Ed
Since
700.64
38
700.25
82.69
839.60
23.25
700.64
fwu = Vsd/Lw =
2
Resultant force,
Critical resultant force,
839.6
<
fw,Rd
903.00

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
A
DL = 273.347 KN
LL = 31.356 KN
Wk = 0
3660
DL = 273.347 KN
LL = 31.356 KN
Wk = -118.488 KN
Wind
Wind Direction
A
DL = 273.347 KN
LL = 31.356 KN
-Wk = -52.51 KN
39
3660
Wind Direction

Rev 1, July, 2011
3660
1
DL = 273.347 KN
LL = 31.356 KN
-Wk = -52.51 KN
Wind norm
40

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
STABILITY A
WIND LOADING
Wind Direction D1 (Wind normal to Tower)
Force on staging =
Force on platform + tank =
Wind Direction D2 (Wind at 450 to Tower)
Force on staging =
Force on platform + tank =
OVERTURNING MOMENT AT TOWER BASE (AT SERVICE)
Wind Direction D2 (Wind at 450 to Tower) (At Service)
Mo = (17.27 x 6) + (34.82 x (16.462 - 3.66/2)
Soil stress on base, = P M
A
Z
For a square base, = P M
A
Z Where A = L2 , Z = L3/62
Thus, = P 62M
L2
L3
Assume depth of footing,
Self weight of footing
Condition 1: Tank Full
Total axial load (At service),
P max = 4 x (21.611 + 31
Thus,
max = 1218.811 + 62 x 613.297
+ 134.107 =
L2
Resolving this gives,
For a bearing capacity value,
Safe net soil bearing capacity,
Solving for L,
Condition
2: Tank
Empty
Total axial load
(At service),
L3
netL3 - 1218.811L - 5203.99 =
max =
50
net = max - w =
Lreq =
41.25
6.91
P min = 4 x (21.611 + 31
41

Rev 1, July, 2011
P min = 4 x (21.611 + 31
+ wL2=
Thus,
min = 345.975 + 8.75L2 - 62 x 613.297

L2
Resolving this gives,
L3
minL3 - 8.75L3 - 345.975L + 5
min =
For a bearing capacity value,
Lreq =
Solving for L,
Base Area Required, Areq = L2 =
0
6.86
47.795
Provide
6.66 x 6.66 x 450mm base
Length of base, L =
6.9 m
Breadth of base, B =
6.9 m
1620
6900
3660
1620
1620
3660
6900
165.807 KN/m
Wind Direction D1 (Wind normal to Tower)

At
Ultimate;
Total
axial load,
N =[ 4(1.35*50.669)
(1.35*472.392)]
Moment, Mo = 1.5 x 570.309
Ultimate Stresses for square base for wind normal to face, f net =
Ultimate Stresse
fmax =
42
310.691 KN/m

Rev 1, July, 2011
DELTEC
Job Title:
Job No.
Calculation Sheet
DEL /2011 - 134

Member/Location
Drg Ref.
Tower
Made by
REFERENCE
CALCULAT
RCD by Bungey
6th Edition
Ultimate loads =
646.113 KN
eq.4.7, 4.8
1.62
166.235
3.66
200.151
230.821
349.341
1.465
296.772
Shear Force Diagram
53.060
-232.968
fck =
Bending Moment Dia

2
25 N/mm
Shear
Maximum applied force,
At column face,
43

Rev 1, July, 2011
Page 287
Depth of slab,
Cover to reinforcement,
Assume bar size,
Mean effective depth,
Column perimeter,
Max. shear resistance,
Since
NEd
<
VRd,max
999.28
1852.20
Punching shear at 2.0d from column face
Width of base for shear,
2.0d from column face
Soil pressure per unit width at 2.0d from column face,
Design shear force at 2.0d from column face,
Shear stress,
Page 63
Eqn 4.7 & 4.8
Bending Reinforcement
Design Moment,
Effective depth,
0.5
k = M/fckbd2 =
0.0310 la = 0.5 + (0.25 - k/1.134) =
44

Rev 1, July, 2011
r 40,000-Gallon Overhead Water Tank Support Tower

& Foundations
45

Rev 1, July, 2011
onsulting Engineers
c Engineering Limited
Engineers & Project Managers)
Warri Office
Plot 576, 14th Street, DDPA Estate
Ugborikoko-Effurun, Warri
Tel : 08037262708
: delteceng@yahoo.com
July, 2011
09/08/2011
TER TANK SUPPORT
Braithwaite pressed steel water tank at a height of 12.0m above ground level. The tank measures 6.1mx6.1
m, which measures 7.9mx7.9m on plan. The platform is made of 356x171x45UB secondary girders `POS
pported by the tower legs made of 203x203x46UC `POS 01 at 3.66m centres in the longitudinal and trans
carry the walkway and the handrails.
02. Cross bracing is made of 80x80x6RSA `POS 03, designed as ties. The Holding Down system consi
8.8 galvanized bolts. The foundation is made of 450mm thick reinforced concrete slab at 450mm above gr
n the accompanying drawings.
46

Rev 1, July, 2011
09/08/2011
TER TANK SUPPORT
Braithwaite pressed steel water tank at a height of 12.0m above ground level. The tank measures 6.1mx6.1
m, which measures 7.9mx7.9m on plan. The platform is made of 356x171x45UB secondary girders `POS
pported by the tower legs made of 203x203x46UC `POS 01 at 3.66m centres in the longitudinal and trans
carry the walkway and the handrails.
02. Cross bracing is made of 80x80x6RSA `POS 03, designed as ties. The Holding Down system consi
8.8 galvanized bolts. The foundation is made of 450mm thick reinforced concrete slab at 450mm above gr
n the accompanying drawings.
12004: Design of Conceret Structures,

- 1 - 8: Design of Joints
Supporting Structures
di-Ama, Port-Harcourt.
47

Rev 1, July, 2011
- 1 - 8: Design of Joints
Supporting Structures
di-Ama, Port-Harcourt.
48

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
3 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
OF OVERHEAD WATER TANK

Value Unit
Pressed Steel Braithwaite
443
4.88 m
4.88 m
3.66 m
87,283 Litres
5 KN/m2
65.53 KN
872.8 KN
0.5 KN/m2
0.35 KN/m
49

Rev 1, July, 2011
4.88 x 4)
(4.88 x 4)
2
3.357 KN/m
44.715 KN/m
0.61 KN/m
6.1 KN/m
0.427 KN
22
2x4.88x4)
(2x4.88x4)
x1.22
x0.9
x1.22
x0.9
1.679 KN/m
22.357 KN/m
0.305 KN/m
0.225 KN/m
3.05 KN/m
2.25 KN/m
0.427 KN/m
x1.22
0.305 KN/m
0.45 KN/m
3.05 KN/m
4.50 KN/m
0.427 KN
0.35 KN/m
x1.22
50

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
4 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
water = 1.35
1.5
gk2 = 0.61 KN/m

qk2 = 6.1 KN/m
Gk1= 0.427KN
610
900
22.459
118.762 49.128
123.753
9.158
5.49
109.105
gk4 = 0.305KN/m
qk4 = 3.05 KN/m
Gk2 = 0.427KN
3.05KN/m
900
610
72.743
5.259
12.933
54.551
Gk2 = 0.427KN
3.05KN/m
1510
6.022
1.416
4.606
with BS EN 1993- 1- 1: 2005

actored
51

Rev 1, July, 2011
out major axis,
Msd =
Vsd =
Fsd=
98.506 KNm
118.76 KN
167.89 KN
Msd = 98.50
Vsd = 118.7
Fsd= 167.8
on occurs at the mid-span of SG1, thus:
.5N2 + N1)2 - 48P(N1 + N2)]
/384E [w1(5L2 - 24N12) - 48w2N2(0.5N2 + N1) - 48P(N1 + N2)]
KN/m
P = 1.0Gk1 =
KN/m
mm
mm
N2 =
E=
0.427 KN
900 mm
210 KN/mm2
Ireq = 91,176,2
mm4
98.506 KNm
255 N/mm2
386,298 mm3
52
Wpl,y req = 386,

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
5 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
Radius of Gyration
Elastic Modulus
Plastic Modulus
Length of stiff bearing
Mass Per Metre =

iyy =
izz =
Wel,y =
Wel,z =
Wpl,y =
Wpl,z =
Ss = tw + 2tf + (4-22)r =
Torsional Constant
Warping Constant
Area of Section
It =
Iw =
A=
45 kg
146 mm
37.8 mm
687,000 mm3
95,000 mm3
774,000 mm3
147,000 mm3
38.25 mm
157,000 mm4
2.40E+11 mm6
5,700 mm2
Iprov = 121,000,
Wpl,y prov = 774,
275 N/mm2
at least compact'
least compact'
Section is ok,
Class 2
No check for shear buckling is required
Section
Full lateral re
assume
Msd = 98.50
Vsd = 118.7
98.506
118.76
mm2
KN
Shear Capacity Ok
53
Vpl,Rd = 386.
Rev 1, July, 2011
KN
KN
Shear Capacity Ok
Shear Capac
Low Shear
kNm
KNm
Moment capacity Ok
54
Mpl,Rd = 202.
Moment Capa

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
6 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
SAI
LCULATIONS
OUTPUT
r
n
Ss
tf
Fsd =
fyf =
fyw =
f.ED = Msd/Wel,y =
Ss =
Sy = 2n = 2tf(bf/tw)0.5(fyf/fyw)0.5[1 - (ED/fyf)2]0.5 =
M1 =
Ry,Rd = ((Ss + Sy)twfyw)/M1 =
KN
Ry, Rd = 270.
No load bearing stiffener is required to

prevent web buckling
Web bearing ca
(Ss/d)]/M1,
Ss =
63.2
mm
Ra,Rd =
278.68
KN

KN
Fsd = 270.8
167.89 KN
2
275 N/mm
275 N/mm2
143.39 N/mm2
38.25 mm
82.41 mm
1.05
218.05 KN
Ra, Rd = 278.
Web crippling c
Ok
Fsd
tf
Beff = (h2 + Ss2)0.5 =

Lcr = 0.7d =
iweb = tw/12 =
55
358.05 mm
218.61 mm
1.99
Rev 1, July, 2011
Aeff = twBeff =
2470.54 mm2
1 = 93.9 =
= (Lcr/iweb) x (1/1) =
KN
86.80
1.26
<
40mm
Use buckling curve (b)
=
0.34
= 0.5[1 + ( - 0.2) + 2] =
1.48
= 1/[ + (2 - 2)] =
0.44
Nb,Rd = Aefffy/M1 =
Nb, Rd = 290.
287.57 KN
No load carrying stiffener is required to
Web buckling ca
SECTION SUMMARY
SECTION
356 x 171 x 45
Section is satisfactory for axial,
bending, shear, local capacity and
overall buckling checks.
Design Shear Force
Shear Capacity
Design Moment
Moment Capacity
Applied Flange Force
Local Web Capacity
Web Buckling Capacity
56
118.76
386.29
98.51
202.71
167.89
218.05
287.57

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
7 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
SAI
LCULATIONS
OUTPUT
water = 1.35
1.5
Gk = 9.158 KN
Qk = 5.49 KN
Qwk = 109.105 KN
Gk = 5.259 KN
Qk = 12.933 KN
Qwk = 54.551 KN
Gk = 9.158 KN
Qk = 5.49 KN
Qwk = 109.105 KN
F
1220
215.6
on
with BS EN 1993- 1- 1: 2005
actored
out major axis,
H
610
610
Gk = 2.615 KN
Qk = 10.188 KN
I
900
89.494
251.836 18.955
271.176
21.611
31.356
218.209
Msd =
Vsd =
NED=
Fsd=
143 KNm
54.48 KN
135.9 KN
KN
Msd = 215.6
Vsd = 251.8
Fsd= 370.7
beam,
2P2N1 - 432P3(N1 + N2)]
(L/1.8E)[53P1L - 432P2N1 - 432P3(N1 + N2)]
KN
KN
P3 = 1.0Gk + 1.0Qk =
57
12.803 KN
Rev 1, July, 2011
N2 =
mm
mm
900 mm
210 KN/mm2
E=
Ireq = 132,508,
132,508,207 mm4
125 KNm
255 N/mm2
Wpl,y req = 845,
490,196 mm3
356x171x45 UB
Radius of Gyration
Elastic Modulus
Mass Per Metre =

iyy =
izz =
45 kg
145.1 mm
37.6 mm
Wel,y =
686,700 mm3
Wel,z =
94,810 mm3
Plastic Modulus
Wpl,y =
774,600 mm3

Torsional Constant
Wpl,z =
Ss =
It =
146,600 mm3
38.35 mm
161,600 mm4
Warping Constant
Iw =
2.4E+11 mm6
Area of Section
A=
5,733 mm2
58
Iprov = 337,400
Wpl,y prov
1,702,000

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
8 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
275 N/mm2
at least compact'
least compact'
ompact
Section is ok,
Class 2
No check for shear buckling is required
Section is
l torsional buckling, the buckling resistance

L1 =
= (Iyy
K=
LE =
2000 mm
1.2
2400 mm
LBC =
- Izz)/Iyy =
2000 mm
0.93
(/LE)[(E2IzzIt/2.66)][(1 + 2.662Iw/LE2It)] =
LT = (Wpl,yfy/Mcr) =
2.0
553.65 KNm
0.6203
LT =
0.34
2
LT = 0.5[1 + LT(LT - 0.2) + LT ] =
0.7638
LT = 1/[LT + (LT2 - LT2)] =
M1 =
Mb,Rd = LTfyWpl,y/M1 =
Mb,Rd
167.72
KNm
59
0.83
1.05
167.72 KNm
Section is ok for lateral
torsional buckling
Section is Ok f
torsional bu

Rev 1, July, 2011
Msd = 215.6
Vsd = 251.8
143
54.48
mm2
Vpl,Rd = 665.
KN
KN
KN
kNm
KNm
Shear Capacity Ok
Shear Capac
Low Shear
Mpl,Rd = 445.
Moment capacity ok
60
Moment Capa

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
9 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
r
n
tf
f.ED
Fsd
fyf
fyw
= Msd/Wel,y
Ss
=
=
=
=
=
Sy = 2n = 2tf(bf/tw) (fyf/fyw) [1 - (ED/fyf) ] =

M1 =
Ry,Rd = ((Ss + Sy)twfyw)/M1 =
0.5
KN
0.5
2 0.5
(Ss/d)]/M1,
Ra,Rd =
Fsd = 370.7
38.35 mm
62.64 mm
1.05
185.16 KN

prevent web crushing
Ss =
KN
0.00 KN
2
275 N/mm
2
275 N/mm
2
208.24 N/mm
Ry, Rd = 431.
Web bearing c
Ok
38.35 mm
255.98 KN

prevent web crippling
Ra, Rd = 501.
Web crippling c
Ok
Fsd
tf
Beff = (h2 + Ss2)0.5 =

Lcr = 0.7d =
61
353.49 mm
218.12 mm
Rev 1, July, 2011
iweb = tw/12 =
Aeff = twBeff =
1 = 93.9 =
= (Lcr/iweb) x (1/1) =
KN
2.02
2474.41 mm2
86.80
1.24
<
40mm
=
0.34
= 0.5[1 + ( - 0.2) + 2] =
1.45 N/mm2
= 1/[ + (2 - 2)] =
0.46
Nb,Rd = Aefffy/M1 =
294.91 KN
No load carrying stiffener is required to
SECTION SUMMARY
SECTION
Section is satisfactory for axial,
bending, shear, local capacity and
overall buckling checks.
Design Shear Force
Shear Capacity
Design Moment
Moment Capacity
Applied Flange Force
Local Web Capacity
Web Buckling Capacity
62
Nb, Rd = 581.
Web buckling c
Ok
356x171x4
54.48
386.83
143.00
202.87
0.00
185.16
294.91

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
34
Rev.
11 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
63

Rev 1, July, 2011
64

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
34
Rev.
12 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
ons done in accordance with ANSI/EIA - 222 - G - 200

3000 mm
1.00
150
2.00 cm
(ryy = 4.05cm)
Try HE 16
3660 mm
1.00
200
1.83 cm
(rvv = 1.96cm)
Try 100 x 100

3514.10 mm
1.00
300
1.17 cm
(rvv = 1.57cm)
Try 80 x 80 x
3.8400 m2
1.0980 m2
2.2490 m2
7.1870 m2
12.00 m
16.37 m
3.66 m
3.66 m
0.85
65

Rev 1, July, 2011
1.15
1
D
213 m
11.50 m
1.03
1.10
16.37 m
35 m/s
0.85
23.814 m2
2
7.187 m
23.814 m2
2
47.760 m
1
0.1505
1
1.7500
1
1.1129
66

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
34
Rev.
13 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
=
=
16.37 m
1.29
1.286433609
=
1.29
2
=
0.944 KN/m
3.354
1
Cf =
face
ace
1.04
24.767 m2
2
43.342 m
19.88 KN
= 19.90
34.79 KN
= 34.82
=
=
6.00 m
1.08
1.080416297
=
1.08
=
0.793 KN/m2
=
3.203
23.018 m2
2
25.616 m
15.52 KN
= 15.52
17.27 KN
= 17.27
=
=
=
288.99 KNm
93.10 KNm
382.09 KNm
face
ace
6.47-3.66/2)
KN)
67
= 384.35

Rev 1, July, 2011
6.47-3.66/2)
KN)
=
=
=
505.73 KNm
103.61 KNm
609.33 KNm
= 613.30
tank assembly, viz normal and diagonal directions. Wind normal or
n the bracing, while wind at 45 0 to the face will result in maximum
binations ( dead, live, plus wind) are considered at the serviceability
embers)
Total (KN)
8.09616
15.030
10.367
20.448
5.710
73.283
1.173
134.107
68

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
34
Rev.
14 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
117.723 KN
273.347 KN
31.356 KN
WL = +/- 118.4
DL = 273.347KN
LL = 31.356 KN
416.052 KN
304.703 KN
587.932 KN
234.765 KN
422.425 KN
186.980 KN
Max. Compression
Min. Compression
449.931 KN
69.428 KN
Compression
Tension, to be held
down
587.932 KN
69.428 KN
19.521 KN
Compression
Tension
All Compression
26.547 KN
14.698 KN
41.245 KN
69

Rev 1, July, 2011
50.977 KN
70

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
34
Rev.
15 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
with BS EN 1993- 1- 1: 2005

d and length between restraints is the same for both axes.
NEd =
ad,
HE 160 B
Radius of Gyration
L=
587.932 KN
3000 mm
Mass Per Metre =

iyy =
izz =
42.6 kg
67.8 mm
40.5 mm
Elastic Modulus
Wel,y =
311,500 mm3
Wel,z =
111,200 mm3
Plastic Modulus
Wpl,y =
354,000 mm3
Wpl,z =
Ss =
170,000 mm3
51.57 mm
Torsional Constant
IT =
312,400 mm4
Warping Constant
Iw =
4.8E+10 mm6
Area of Section
A=
=
NEd = 589.0
5,430 mm2
210 KN/mm2
275 N/mm
Section is ok,
Class 2
at least compact'
least compact'
1
3000 mm
Slenderness does not

exceed 180
71
Slendernes

Rev 1, July, 2011
Slenderness does not

exceed 180
74
NEd =
Lcr = LE =
izz =
587.932 KN
3000 mm
40.5 mm
Slendernes
NEd = 589.0
Aeff = A =
1 = 93.9 =
= (Lcr/izz) x (1/1) =
KN
5430 mm2
86.80
0.85
<
40mm
=
0.34
= 0.5[1 + ( - 0.2) + 2] =
0.98
= 1/[ + (2 - 2)] =
0.69
M1 =
1.05
Nb,Rd = Aefffy/M1 =
982.71 KN
Design axial compressive load does not
exceed compressive resistance
SECTION SUMMARY
SECTION
Section is satisfactory for axial load
and overall buckling checks.
Axial Compressive Load
Compressive Resistance
72
Nb, Rd = 982.
Compressive C
Adequa
HE 160
587.93
982.71

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
34
Rev.
16 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
with BS EN 1993- 1- 1: 2005

NEd =
ad,
L=
41.245 KN
3660 mm
00 x 100 x 8 RSA
Second Moment of
Area
Mass Per Metre =

Iyy, Izz =
1450000.0 mm4
Iuu =
2300000.0 mm4
Radius of Gyration
Ivv =
iyy, izz =
iuu =
599000 mm4
31 mm
39 mm
ivv =
Elastic Modulus
Wel,y, Wel,z =
Young's Modulus, E =
NEd = 41.28
12.2 kg
20 mm
19900 mm3
210 KN/mm2
275 N/mm2
at least compact'
least compact'
Use an effective area
mm
mm
Class 3, Do a str
reduction or use
effective area
mm2
73

Rev 1, July, 2011
l0 =
Lvv =
Lyy =
Lzz =
0.85l0,
L zz = 1.0l0,
+ 0.7Lvv/(93.9)ivv
3660 mm
3111 mm
3111 mm
3660 mm
Unsymmetrical Bending
1.630
+ 0.7Lyy/(93.9)iyy
In - Plane Bending
1.320
+ 0.7Lzz/(93.9)izz
Out - of - Plane Bending
1.465
1.829
NEd =
= 0.5[1 + (eff
=
- 0.2) + ] =
2
eff
41.245 KN
0.34
2.45 N/mm2
= 1/[ + (2 - eff2)] =
M1 =
=
Nb,Rd = Aefffy/M1 =
0.25
1.05
84.20 KN
Design axial compressive load does not
KN
exceed compressive resistance
74
NEd = 641.2
Nb, Rd = 84.2
Compressive C
Adequat

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
17 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
SAI
LCULATIONS
OUTPUT
=
=
=
NEd =
=
a1 = (h - t/2 - d0)t =
a2 = (b - t/2)t =
Anet = a1 + 0.5a2 =
Nu,Rd = 2Anet fu/M2
55 mm
41.245 KN
22 mm
592 mm
768 mm
2
976 mm
< 2.5 d0,

fu =
M2 =
fu/M2 =
KN
0.1220 KN
0.2558 mm
3.660 mm
Deflection
NEd = 41.28
2 = 0.7
N/mm2
800
1.2
Nu,Rd = 2Anet
Nu, Rd = 455.4
455.467 KN
Design axial tensile load does not exceed
tensile resistance
Tensile Capacity
SECTION SUMMARY
Section
SECTION is
satisfactory for
axial, bending,
shear, local capacity
and overall buckling
Axial
Compressive Load
checks.
Compressive Resistance
Tensile Load (Tie-Force)
Tensile Resistance
100 x 100 x
41.24
84.20
41.24
455.47
Use two bolts M20 at each end

75

Rev 1, July, 2011
76

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
34
Rev.
18 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
with BS EN 1993- 1- 1: 2005

NEd =
L=
80 x 80 x 6 RSA
Second Moment of
Area
Mass Per Metre =

Iyy, Izz =
Iuu
Ivv
iyy, izz
iuu
Radius of Gyration
=
=
=
=
ivv =
Elastic Modulus
Wel,y, Wel,z =
Young's Modulus, E =
50.977 KN
3514 mm
NEd = 51.00
7.34 kg
558000.0 mm4
885000.0 mm4
231000 mm4
24 mm
31 mm
16 mm
9570 mm3
210 KN/mm2
275 N/mm2
semi compact or slender'

least compact'
Section is ok,
er point and provides lateral restraint to the diagonals,

mm
77

Rev 1, July, 2011
Slendernes
NEd =
=
a1 = (h - t/2 - d0)t =
a2 = (b - t/2)t =
=
50.977 KN
22 mm
330 mm
462 mm
2
561 mm
NEd = 51.00
Nu,Rd = 2Anet fu/M2
2 = 0.7
< 2.5 d0,
fu =
N/mm2
800
M2 =
1.2
Nu,Rd = 2Anet fu/M2 =
Nu,Rd = 261
261.8 KN
Design axial tensile load does not exceed
tensile resistance
Tensile Capacity
SECTION SUMMARY
Section
SECTION is
80 x 80 x 6
satisfactory for
axial, bending,
shear, local capacity
and overall buckling
Tensile
Load (Tie-Force)
50.98
checks.
Tensile Resistance
261.80
55 mm
KN
78

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
34
Rev.
19 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
with BS EN 1993- 1- 8: 2005

X
Bp
Dp
X
NEd =
Vsd =
587.932 KN
19.521 KN
4c2 + (2hc + 4bc - 2tw)c + hctw + 2bctf - 2tftw

mm
mm
mm
mm
79

Rev 1, July, 2011
mm
4c2 + 1204.6c + 5793.16

fyp =
fck =
fcd = ccfck/c =
fjd = 0.67fcd =
Ap' = NEd/fjd =
=
Eqn (
255 N/mm
25 N/mm2
14.2 N/mm2
9.5 N/mm2
61941.963 mm2
2
Eqn (
61941.963
4
944 mm
-56710 mm2
49.635
49.635 mm
or
-285.635
16.586 mm
> Column flange thickness
Dpmin = 2c + hc =
Bpmin = 2c + bc =
fyp =
259.270 mm
259.270 mm
80
Ok
275 N/mm2
ts req = 16.61
ts prov = 25
Plate thickn
Baseplate 350
25mm

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
20 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
with BS EN 1993- 1- 8: 2005

Ft,Ed =
Fv,Ed =
SAI
OUTPUT
69.428 KN
19.521 KN
KN
mm
mm
N/mm2
KN
Ft,Ed = 17.0
Ft,Ed = 147
KN
KN
Tensile Capacity Ok
Bolt Tension Ca
KN
KN
KN
KN
Fv,Ed = 4.8
Fv,Ed = 98
Shear Capacity Ok
Bolt Shear Cap
Bolt size and number

chosen are suitable
<
1.0
by washer plate or other load distributing member embedded in the
mm
mm
81

Rev 1, July, 2011
mm
N/mm
N/mm
mm
N/mm
N/mm
N/mm
N/mm
N/mm
fw,Ed = 881.3
N/mm
N/mm2
Table 10.12; Fillet Weld Resistances,

IStructE Manual, Page 116
fw,Rd = 903
N/mm
N/mm
Weld chosen is suitable
Weld Capac
SUMMARY OF BASEPLATE REQUIREMENTS
Size 350mm x 350mm

Grade S275 steel
Edge distance 50mm
Bolts 4 Nos. 20mm, Gr
Welds 6mm fillet weld a
82

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
21 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
B
DL = 273.347 KN
LL = 31.356 KN
Wk = +118.488 KN
DL = 273.347 KN
LL = 31.356 KN
Wk = 0
3660
Wind at 450
B
DL = 273.347 KN
LL = 31.356 KN
+Wk = +52.51 KN
83

Rev 1, July, 2011
DL = 273.347 KN
LL = 31.356 KN
+Wk = +52.51 KN
3660
nd normal to face
84

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
22 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
LCULATIONS
SAI
OUTPUT
LITY ANALYSIS
15.52 KN
19.88 KN
17.27 KN
34.79 KN
E)
e)
609.335 KNm
h=
w = 25 x h =
11 + 31.356 + 218.209)
Service Mo
Mo = 613.29
350 mm
8.75 KN/m2
1218.811 KN
Maximum Serv
Pmax = 1218.
03.99 = 0
KN/m2
KN/m2
m
Minimum Serv
11 + 31.356) + 134.107
85

Rev 1, July, 2011
345.975 + 8.75L2
KN
min
= 345.975
5L + 5203.99 = 0
KN/m2
m
m2
(To ensure that the base remains in contact

with the soil)
Provide 6.9
350mm
Base Area prov,

Aprov =
47.61 m
1620
311.119 KN/m
1645.39 KN
573.130 KNm
At ultima
N = 1645.3
Mo = 576.52
166.235 KN/m
Ultimate str
fmax = 311.11
fmin = 165.80
0.669) +
net
Base Area = 4
2891.45 6 x 855.464
6.9
6.92
fmin =
86

Rev 1, July, 2011
Sheet No
Rev.
34
23 OF 23
EOB
Date: 09/08/2011
Chd.
SAI
LCULATIONS
OUTPUT
999.281 KN
Total
1645.394
1.62
276.775
310.691
475.848
523.433
-466.021
ent Diagram
fyk =
410 N/mm
NEd =
87
999.281 KN
NEd = 1000.4

Rev 1, July, 2011
h
c
deff. = 0.5(dy + dz) = h - c -
=
=
=
=
u = 4 x 350 =
VRd,max = 0.5ud[0.6 (1 - fck/250)]fck/1.5 =
KN
350 mm
40 mm
16 mm
294 mm
1400 mm
1852.200 kN
VRd,max = 1852
Shear Resistance Ok
bv =
=
VEd
f2.0d =
= 0.5(1.5-2d)(f2.0d + 549.87)=
Ed = VEd/bd =
k = (1+(200/d)0.5) =
Asv = (vEd/(0.12k))3(bd/(100fck)) =
M=
d = h - c - /2 =
Use la =
0.9719
As = M/(0.95fyklad) =
88
6600 mm
588 mm
289.09 KN/m
309.48 kN
f2.0d = 524.06
0.1595 N/mm2
1.4628 mm-1
582.268 mm2
Asv = 949.777
466.021 kNm
302 mm
0.95
la = 0.9
4170.303 mm2
33 T16 @ 200
6633 mm

Rev 1, July, 2011
89

Rev 1, July, 2011
bove ground level. The tank measures 6.1mx6.1m on
made of 356x171x45UB secondary girders `POS 16,

01 at 3.66m centres in the longitudinal and transverse
signed as ties. The Holding Down system consists of

ick reinforced concrete slab at 450mm above ground
90

Rev 1, July, 2011
bove ground level. The tank measures 6.1mx6.1m on
made of 356x171x45UB secondary girders `POS 16,

01 at 3.66m centres in the longitudinal and transverse
signed as ties. The Holding Down system consists of

ick reinforced concrete slab at 450mm above ground
91

Rev 1, July, 2011
92

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
93

Rev 1, July, 2011
94

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
95

Rev 1, July, 2011
Msd = 98.506 KNm

Vsd = 118.76KN
Fsd= 167.89KN
Ireq = 91,176,217mm4
Wpl,y req = 386,298mm3
96

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
Iprov = 121,000,000mm4
Wpl,y prov = 774,000mm3
Section is ok,
Class 2
Section Ok
Full lateral restraint
assumed
Msd = 98.506 KN
Vsd = 118.76KN
Vpl,Rd = 386.29 KN
97

Rev 1, July, 2011
Shear Capacity Ok
Mpl,Rd = 202.71 KN
Moment Capacity Ok
98

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
Fsd = 270.81 KN
Ry, Rd = 270.55 KN
Web bearing capacity Ok
Ra, Rd = 278.68 KN
Web crippling capacity is
Ok
99

Rev 1, July, 2011
Nb, Rd = 290.99 KN
Web buckling capacity Ok
356 x 171 x 45kg/m UB
KN
KN
KNm
KNm
KN
KN
KN
100

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
Msd = 215.6 KNm

Vsd = 251.84 KN
Fsd= 370.79 KN
101

Rev 1, July, 2011
Ireq = 132,508,207mm4
Wpl,y req = 845,490mm3
Iprov = 337,400,000mm4
Wpl,y prov =
1,702,000mm3
102

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
Section is ok,
Class 2
Section is ok
Section is Ok for lateral

torsional buckling
103

Rev 1, July, 2011
Msd = 215.60 KN
Vsd = 251.84 KN
Vpl,Rd = 665.21 KN
Shear Capacity Ok
Mpl,Rd = 445.76 KN
Moment Capacity Ok
104

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
Fsd = 370.79 KN
Ry, Rd = 431.14 KN
Web bearing capacity is
Ok
Ra, Rd = 501.54 KN
Web crippling capacity is
Ok
105

Rev 1, July, 2011
Nb, Rd = 581.75 KN
Web buckling capacity is
Ok
356x171x45 UB
KN
KN
KNm
KNm
KN
KN
KN
106

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
107

Rev 1, July, 2011
108

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
Try HE 160 B
Try 100 x 100 x 8 RSA
Try 80 x 80 x 6 RSA
109

Rev 1, July, 2011
110

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
= 19.90 KN
= 34.82 KN
= 15.52 KN
= 17.27 KN
= 384.35 KNm
111

Rev 1, July, 2011
= 613.30 KNm
112

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
WL = +/- 118.488 KN
DL = 273.347KN
LL = 31.356 KN
113

Rev 1, July, 2011
114

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
NEd = 589.081 KN
Section is ok,
Class 2
Slenderness Ok
115

Rev 1, July, 2011
Slenderness Ok
NEd = 589.081 KN
Nb, Rd = 982.71 KN
Compressive Capacity
Adequate
HE 160 B
KN
KN
116

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
NEd = 41.289 KN
Class 3, Do a strength
reduction or use an
effective area
117

Rev 1, July, 2011
NEd = 641.289 KN
Nb, Rd = 84.20 KN
Compressive Capacity
Adequate
118

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
Deflection ok
NEd = 41.289 KN
Nu, Rd = 455.467 KN
Tensile Capacity Adequate
100 x 100 x 8 RSA
KN
KN
KNm
KN
119

Rev 1, July, 2011
120

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
NEd = 51.007 KN
Section is ok, Class 2
121

Rev 1, July, 2011
Slenderness Ok
NEd = 51.007 KN
Nu,Rd = 261.8 KN
Tensile Capacity Adequate
80 x 80 x 6 RSA
KNm
KN
se two bolts M20 at each end
122

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
123

Rev 1, July, 2011
ts req = 16.616mm
ts prov = 25mm
Plate thickness Ok
Baseplate 350 x 350 x
25mm
124

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
Ft,Ed = 17.07 KN
Ft,Ed = 147 KN
Bolt Tension Capacity Ok
Fv,Ed = 4.88 KN
Fv,Ed = 98 KN
Bolt Shear Capacity Ok
125

Rev 1, July, 2011
fw,Ed = 881.38 KN
fw,Rd = 903 KN
Weld Capacity Ok
350mm x 350mm x 25mm
S275 steel
50mm
4 Nos. 20mm, Grade 8.8
6mm fillet weld all round
126

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
127

Rev 1, July, 2011
128

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
Service Moment,
Mo = 613.297 KNm
Maximum Service Load,

Pmax = 1218.811 KN
Minimum Service Load,
129

Rev 1, July, 2011
min
= 345.975 + 8.75L2
Provide 6.9 x 6.9 x

350mm
Base Area = 47.61 m2
At ultimate,
N = 1645.39 KN
Mo = 576.526 KNm
Ultimate stresses,
fmax = 311.119KN/m
fmin = 165.807KN/m
130

Rev 1, July, 2011
OUTPUT
KN
NEd = 1000.429 KN
131

Rev 1, July, 2011
VRd,max = 1852.20 KN
f2.0d = 524.06 KN/m
Asv = 949.777 mm2/m
la = 0.95
33 T16 @ 200 BB & BT
6633 mm2/m
132

Rev 1, July, 2011

Portal Frame Rafter Design

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Portal Frame Rafter Design

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Structural Design Calculations for 40,0

Deltec Engineering Limited

Job No: DEL/2011-134

DESIGN OF 40,000-GALLON OVERHEAD WATER TA

Deltec Engineering Limited

Job No: DEL/2011-134

DESIGN OF 40,000-GALLON OVERHEAD WATER TA

EUROCODE 1: EN199111: 2002: Actions on Structures, EUROCODE 2: EN19921 - 12004: D

Normal Weight Concrete grade 35

Deltec Engineering Limited

EUROCODE 3: EN1993 - 1 - 1: 2005: Design of Steel Structures, EUROCODE 3: EN1993 - 1 - 8:

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DELTEC ENGINEERING LTD

DEL /2011 - 134

Design of 40,000-Gallon Overhead Water Tank Support

Deltec Engineering Limited

INTERNAL TANK BEARER 'SG 1'

Deltec Engineering Limited

DELTEC ENGINEERING LTD

DEL /2011 - 134

Design of 40,000-Gallon Overhead Water Tank Support

INTERNAL TANK BEARER 'SG 1'

gk2 = 0.61 KN/m

EXTERNAL TANK BEARER 'SG 2'

gk5 = 0.305KN/m, qk5 = 3.05KN/

PERIMETER BEAM 'SG 3'

gk7 = 0.305KN/m, qk7 = 3.05KN/

TYPICAL TANK BEARER 'SG':

Applied moment, Msd =

From Table 3.1

Plastic Modulus Required, Wpl,y reqd = Msd/fy =

356 x 171 x 45kg/m UB

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DELTEC ENGINEERING LTD

DEL /2011 - 134

Design of 40,000-Gallon Overhead Water Tank Support

356 x 171 x 45kg/m UB

Deltec Engineering Limited

Mc,Rd = Mpl,Rd =Wpl,Rd fy/M0 =

Deltec Engineering Limited

DELTEC ENGINEERING LTD

DEL /2011 - 134

Design of 40,000-Gallon Overhead Water Tank Support

Check for bearing on the web:

Force applied through flange

Longitudinal stress in flange,

Effective length of web,

Deltec Engineering Limited

Deltec Engineering Limited

DELTEC ENGINEERING LTD

DEL /2011 - 134

Design of 40,000-Gallon Overhead Water Tank Support

BS EN 1993- 11: 2005

MAIN GIRDER 'MG' DESIGN:

Deltec Engineering Limited

Deltec Engineering Limited

DELTEC ENGINEERING LTD

DEL /2011 - 134

Design of 40,000-Gallon Overhead Water Tank Support

Since the beam is subject to possible lateral torsio

Deltec Engineering Limited

Deltec Engineering Limited

DELTEC ENGINEERING LTD

DEL /2011 - 134