Communication Process

Requires Delivery of a message and assurance that the message was received
correctly and understood.
Flow in Communication Process

Sender Responsible for transmitting the message. Has the understanding of the
message.
Message An important variable in communication process. May be presented through
words, gestures and through voice or images. Dependent on the level of knowledge
Mode of Transmission Manner of transmitting the message. Could be oral written,
nonverbal or through third party which influence the delivery and effectiveness of the
message.
The receiver person/group receiving the message. Disseminating the message may
be different than that of the receiver depending on the background of the receiver
(emotional and social state). Also demographics may contribute to the dissemination.
Translation How the receiver translates the communication determines the response.
This is dependent of the 4 previous factors.
Feedback and Clarification An active interchange between sender and receiver to
help avoid confusion by assuring the sent message was well understoon

Communication Networks and Channels

2 Sources
1. Formal Communications
exchanges information through work orders, memos, meetings policy
manuals, job descriptions, performance reviews, newsletters and normal
interactions of the members
2 Directions
i. Vertical Communications memos and other directives from
bureaucracy hierarchy
ii. Horizontal Communications normal exchange of services,
information and work orders (talking as peers)

2. Informal Communications exchange of information through news media,

professional colleagues, salespersons, and the gossip grapevine; information
important to both managers and staff

Means and Methods of Communication

According to Amount of Line Interaction between Parties
1. Dynamic Communications

Both parties can simultaneously exchange ideas and information

Receive spontaneous feedback
Communication Route Personal Meeting (discuss a topic face to face)

2. Canned or Packaged Messages

Delivered in formats
Dont allow recipient and sender to respond instantaneously to each other
Communication Routes Written Memorandums, short notes in Post-Its, taped
video or audio programs, third party messengers

Communication Formats
1. Written Messages
Computer data and recorded visual presentations
Advantage
easy to document
readers can study the message without worrying
Reading between the lines
2. Verbal Messages
Manager to be seen or heard as a person (overcome some formality)
Nonverbal Message
Nonverbal Language

Tone of Voice amplifier of the signal

Body and Facial Expressions signs to the sender
o Dressed-up Priority and Respect
Personal Distance and Movement
o Direct Physical Movement positive and nonaggressive
Physical Environment comfort and importance