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Lecture-1
ECE321/521
Date: 05.08.2014
Motivation
Why this course?
Differentiating factor between low and high frequency
circuits
Transmission Line (Intro.)
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Motivation
Importance of RF Circuit Design
Wireless/Wirebased Communication Circuits multi-band and
multi-standard transceivers
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Increased clock speeds in ASICs/SoCs
Why this course
Lumped no more applicable!
Solution? distributed!!!
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Motivation (contd.)
Design Focus in this Course
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Motivation (contd.)
Frequency Spectrum
300 MHz 3 GHz
ELF
VLF
LF
MF (MW)
HF (SW)
VHF
UHF
SHF
EHF
IR
100 Hz
10 kHZ
Radio Frequency
TV
Wireless Phones
GPS
100 kHz
1 MHz
3 MHz
30 MHz
300 MHz
1 GHz
30 GHz
300 GHz
8 GHz to 40 GHz
Microwave Frequency
Radar
Remote Sensing
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Z R j L
Z ?
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
RF Behavior of Resistors
At low frequency:
Resistances, inductances, and capacitances
are formed by wires, coils, and plates etc.
Even a single wire or a copper line on a PCB
possesses resistance and inductance.
this cylindrical copper conductor has a DC
resistance:
RDC
a 2 cond
Radius of cylinder
Length of
cylinder
conductivity
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
DC Current Density: J z 0
I
a2
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
pI
ar
exp (1 j )
2 aj r
p 2 j cond
f cond
Skin Depth
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Medium to High
Frequency Pushes
the Current to the
Periphery
RF Sees Current
Restricted to
Surface
as a
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Lead
Inductance
Combination of
parasitic capacitances
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Capacitance
between Windings
Resonant
Frequency
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Lead
Inductance
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
HW # 0
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
A
A
0 r
d
d
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Implement this in
MATLAB or ADS
HW#0
Indraprastha Institute of
Information Technology Delhi
ECE321/521
Chip Inductors
Surface mounted inductors still
come as wire-wound coil these
are comparable in size to the
resistors and capacitors